Mining Policy

Since the mid-2000s, the world has seen an unprecedented expansion in corporate resource extraction. This global phenomenon has not been restricted to the Global South, but has also been, unexpectedly and interestingly, felt in the Global North in contexts that were considered to be ruled by political systems where the impacts of rapid resource extraction would not be felt. Between 2005 and 2010, for example, the volume of metallic ore and waste rock mining in Finland increased from fewer than 5 million tons to 46 million tons, mostly through the inauguration of four large mines in the east and north of the country. This paper examines the various explanations for the mining expansion, based on expert interviews, participant observation and a spatial analysis of the change dynamics. The importance and causalities in the control and divisions of social, physical and symbolic spaces are assessed, drawing on and interweaving the theories of Arrighi and Harvey, and conceptualizations of Moore and Bourdieu. A series of fertile conceptual tools for analysing the role of spatial dynamics in land-use changes is developed and put to work in the empirical analysis. The results are significant for the literatures on spatial dynamics and Arctic land-use change.

Söyleyerek paylaşmak "Su üstüne yazı yazmak" gibi bir şeydir. Her zaman yazarak paylaşmayı tercih etmişimdir. Eleştirinin olmadığı yerde demokrasiden, adaletten, özgürlükten bahsetmenin olanağı yoktur. Sorunları görmezlikten ve duymazlıktan gelerek susmak, ortada yapılan bir hata varsa, o hatanın bir parçası, hataya ortak, hatta suçlu olmak anlamına da gelmektedir. Ülkemizde birey olamamış çoğu kişinin eleştiriye karşı bir tahammülsüzlüğü vardır. Bunlar için eleştiriyi kabul edip özeleştiri yaparak yanıt verme yerine kızarak tepki vermek daha kolay gelmektedir. Verilen tepkinin şekli ve gösterilen tahammülsüzlük yapılan eleştirinin yerinde olduğunun önemli bir göstergesi ve kanıtıdır. Eleştiriyi kabullenmeyenler yanlış yapmaya devam ederek sonuçta kendileri zarar görmektedir. Ülkemiz ekonomisi sürekli kan kaybetmektedir. Madencilik açısından bunun nedeni; madenlerimizden üretilen ALTINın alınıp götürülmesine göz yumulması, diğer madenlerimizin üretilip hammadde olarak ihraç edilmesi, ülkemizde yıllardan bu yana madenlerimizi üretip işlenmesine yönelik gerekli sanayinin kurulmamış olmasıdır.

This paper traces the temporal tactics of continually renewed coloniality—where some impasses are made to appear insurmountable while others demand swift solutions—in relation to housing and mining at Borroloola in Australia's Northern Territory. Distinct policy and regulatory regimes encourage analyses that set housing and mining apart. Yet together they signal the settler state's simultaneous remedial and extractive orientations to remote Aboriginal communities. Mining leeches into housing, and housing is a promise extracted from late liberal recognition, for community members forced to wait for promised amenities while fighting for long-term environmental protections. The analysis demonstrates the central significance of temporal control to settler colonialism: by selectively deferring action; by producing the appearance of actions that are not actually taken; and by intervening to expedite processes that serve the interests of extractive capital. We argue that the confection of intermittent urgency to intervene is a key feature of the deferrals enacted by Australian settler governance, as it rations remedial solutions and displaces harms into mortgaged futures.

Mobile phones and other high-technology communications devices could not exist without mineral commodities. More than one-half of all components in a mobile device including its electronics, display, battery, speakers, and more are made from mined and semi-processed materials (mineral commodities). Some mineral commodities can be recovered as byproducts during the production and processing of other commodities. As an example, bauxite is mined for its aluminum content, but gallium is recovered during the aluminum production process. The images below show the ore minerals (sources) of some mineral commodities that are used to make components of a mobile device. On the reverse side, the map and table depict the major source countries producing some of these mineral commodities along with how these commodities are used in mobile devices.

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin 100.yılında kömür madenciliğinin Cumhuriyet öncesi, sonrası ve bugünkü durumunun anlatıldığı bu yazıda kronolojik bir derleme çalışması yapılarak genel bir özet verilmeye çalışılmıştır. Kömürün her dönemde vazgeçilmez bir enerji kaynağı olmasının yanı sıra stratejik bir hammadde olduğu da vurgulanarak geleceğe yönelik tespit ve
önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

In this paper, which describes the situation of coal mining before, after and today in the 100th anniversary of the Republic of Turkey, a chronological compilation has been made and a general summary has been tried to be given. In addition to being an indispensable energy source in every period, it was emphasized that coal is a strategic raw material. For that reason determinations and suggestions were made for the future of coal.

El artículo ensaya una aproximación teórico-metodológica a la acumulación de derechos de agua en el sector de la minería metálica en México. Se reflexiona sobre la configuración histórica del orden jurídico que, orientado hacia el corporativismo, ha propiciado el despojo hídrico por acumulación. Se pretende mostrar, desde una lectura de justicia hídrica, que la extracción de minerales metálicos y la concentración de aprovechamientos hidráulicos forman parte del paradigma extractivista que se justificó con la integración económica regional de América del Norte, especialmente, a partir de la década de 1990. Se concluye que la extracción de minerales metálicos en México se mantiene en tendencias de crecimiento, al menos desde las últimas cuatro décadas, dicho dinamismo se explica con el aumento de inversiones en el sector, las cotizaciones altas en los mercados internacionales y la laxitud jurídica que favorece la asignación discrecional de derechos de extracción.

The mining industries of Sweden and Finland currently face several policy issues around investment, stakeholder involvement, and sustainability. Since the two countries garnered significant attention during the mining boom, research from a social sciences perspective grew significantly. One approach to understanding how these issues in Sweden and Finland compare to international examples is through an analysis of the policy development framework. Looking at three factors—institutions, actors, and process—gives a broad overview of the imminent challenges in both Sweden and Finland and potential lessons from existing research that point to similar problems and their solutions. As the mining operations continue to sit at the center of different values, capable policy is required.

This issue of material criticality has been receiving much attention recently from governments all over the world. The United States and the European Union have two different definitions of what makes a material critical. The United States Department of Energy (DOE) defines criticality in two ways: (A) supply based risk based on projected market balances, competing energy demands, political, regulatory and social factors, co-production risks, and producer diversity; and, (B) importance to clean energy based on clean energy demand and substitutability [1]. Net import reliance can hint at the supply based risk for materials. Figure 1 shows the United States net import reliance for materials of interest.

The main goal of this paper is to reveal the extent of the import dependency on electricity, gas, steam, and air conditioning supply (EGSA), the basic component of energy, in Turkey. Such that growing industrialization in Turkey has expanded the need for energy since many sectors use energy as input to produce output. However, Turkey's domestic production fails to meet the energy demand. For this reason, Turkey meets approximately 75 percent of its energy needs through imports, leading to an increase in the current account deficit. Energy imports, approximately 20 percent of total imports, have become the primary component of the current account deficit, exposing the Turkish economy to instabilities in global gas and oil prices and several additional risks. In this context, we analyzed the extent of the dependency on energy by the input-output tables of 2002 and 2012. The results underline that as production increases, energy imports increase, and the economic leakage generated by the rise in demand for energy increases. This creates a significant obstacle to the development of the Turkish economy. Hence, existing policies for domestic energy production need to be strengthened for sustainable development goals and to decrease the high current account deficit in Turkey.

Osmanlı İmparatorluğu döneminde gerek kapitülasyonlar gerekse yetersiz sanayi kuruluşları sebepleriyle madenler ülke hesabına kullanılamadı. Kapitülasyonlardan yararlanan Avrupalılar, Türk madenlerini kendi fabrikaları için kullanma imkanı buldular. Türk madenlerinin Türkiye'nin sanayileşmesinde kullanılması fikri 17 Şubat-4 Mart 1923 yılında İzmir'de toplanan Türkiye İktisat Kongresinde ele alındı. Nitekim burada alınan kararlar daha sonraki yıllarda uygulamaya konuldu. Atatürk döneminde kredi sağlayacak olan bankaların kurulması, MTA'nın kurulması, kükürt, kömür ve bakır madenlerinin yabancı sermayede olan hisselerinin satın alınması, maden çıkartılan bölgelere demiryolu/liman yapımlarına başlanmasını, Karabük Fabrikalarının temellerinin atılmasını madencilik alanında yapılan faaliyetler arasındadır. Atatürk'ün 10 Kasım 1938'deki ölümünün ardından cumhurbaşkanı seçilen İsmet İnönü'nün Atatürk döneminde yapılan faaliyetleri devam ettirmeye çalıştığı görülmektedir. Ancak İkinci Dünya Savaşı'nın başlaması bazı olağanüstü uygulamaları beraberinde getirdi. Milli Koruma Kanunu, Varlık Vergisi bu kapsamdadır. 26 Ocak 1940'ta yürürlüğe giren Milli Koruma Kanunu ile Zonguldak Kömür Havzasında bulunan İş Bankası'na ait Maden Kömürü İşleri, İtalyan sermayeli Türk Kömür Madenleri ve diğer küçük işletmeler birleştirilerek Etibank Ereğli Kömür İşletmelerinin yönetimi altında birleştirildi Ayrıca "Ereğli Kömür Havzasındaki Ocakların Devletçe İşlettirilmesi Hakkında Kanun" yürürlüğe girdi. Böylece kömür havzası devletleştirildi. 1939-1945 yılları arasında madencilik alanında gerçekleşen en büyük ilerleme Raman'da ekonomik olarak işleyecek değere sahip petrol bulunmuş olunmasıdır. Bakır madenlerinin üretime geçmesi, krom üretiminin arttırılması özellikle savaş ekonomisi içinde Türkiye için döviz kaynağı olarak kullanılmasına sağladı. Karabük Demir Çelik Fabrikaları da yine bahsi geçen yıllar içinde üretim faaliyetine başladı. Maden sevkiyatının kolaylaştırabilmesi için nakliye işleri kolaylaştırılmaya, maden işçilerinin beslenme/barınma sorunları çözülmeye çalışıldı.

The market of thermical coal in Colombia has a big potential throughout the world, however the actual infrastructure conditions and the high logistic prices of transport have not allowed this country to develop itself into the dominant contender in niche of the market by securing key logistics assets which make possible the very profitable export of coal from this underdeveloped coalfields. This essay is looking for revealing the inconvenient related to the critical issues on key logistic routes to export from Colombia's interior regions, enlightening the Ferrocarril del Carare project as a modern alternative that will develop mining operations in Colombia in order to pursue the best of these opportunities in the near future.

MADENLER, SANAYİLEŞMENİN VAZGEÇİLMEZ TEMEL UNSURLARIDIR. MADENLER, MİLYONLARCA YILDA KİMSENİN EMEĞİ OLMADAN OLUŞMUŞ, TÜKETİLDİĞİNDE YERİNE KONULAMAYAN; DOĞANIN, İNSANLIĞIN ORTAK KULLANIMINA SUNDUĞU SERVETLERDİR. BU SERVETLER ÜZERİNDE, HER İNSANIN VE GELECEK NESİLLERİN HAKKI VARDIR. Madenlerimizin insanlığın yararına plânlı ve hesaplı biçimde üretilip tüketilmesinin zorunlu olduğu unutulmamalıdır.
ÜLKEMİZ YURTSEVER İNSANLARI MADENCİLİĞE DEĞİL, MADENLERİMİZİN ÜRETİLİP HAMMADDE OLARAK İHRAÇ EDİLMESİNE, YAĞMALANMASINA, TALAN EDİLMESİNE, AĞAÇLARIMIZIN, ORMANLARIMIZIN BU AMAÇLA KESİLMESİNE, BURALARI YURT EDİNMİŞ HAYVANLARIN YAŞAM ALANLARINA MÜDAHALE EDİLMESİNE TOPRAKLARIMIZIN KİMYASALLARLA KİRLETİLMESİNE, SÖMÜRGE MADENCİLİĞİNE KARŞIDIR.

This volume focuses on how, why, under what conditions, and with what effects people move across space in relation to mining, asking how a focus on spatial mobility can aid scholars and policymakers in understanding the complex relation between mining and social change. This collection centers the concept of mobility to address the diversity of mining-related population movements as well as the agency of people engaged in these movements. This volume opens by introducing both the historical context and conceptual tools for analyzing the mining-mobility nexus, followed by case study chapters focusing on three regions with significant histories of mineral extraction and where mining currently plays an important role in socioeconomic life: the Andes, Central and West Africa, and Melanesia. Written by authors with expertise in diverse fields, including anthropology, development studies, geography, and history, case study chapters address areas of both large-and smallscale mining. They explore the historical-geographical factors shaping mining-related mobilities, the meanings people attach to these movements, and the relations between people's mobility practices and the flows of other things put in motion by mining, including capital, ideas, technologies, and toxic contamination. The result is an important volume that provides fresh insights into the social geographies and spatial politics of extraction. This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of mining and the extractive industries, spatial politics and geography, mobility and migration, development, and the social and environmental dimensions of natural resources more generally.

Mining is a land-based activity and mining companies have to negotiate with local landowners their license to operate. Even when they succeed in negotiating impact and benefit agreements with local communities, and start their operations, companies can face various claims and contests arising at various moments of the project cycle and that they are often unable to anticipate or analyse. The program presented in this contribution-NERVAL: 'negotiate, evaluate, and recognise the value of place' funded by the agency CNRT 'Nickel and its environment'-was conceived on these premises by an interdisciplinary team of anthropologists, geographers, and economists. It developed, following a participatory and inter-sectoral logic, a research-based approach to provide stakeholders (mining companies, local governments, customary authorities) with an analytical grid helping them to decipher the land-related contexts and issues and to identify stakes and actors. Based on case studies carried out in mining localities of New Caledonia and a non-mining site, an analytical grid was developed around the four categories of territory, event, risk, and social actor. The paper presents and discusses this toolkit both in conceptual terms and as regards its operational potential.

Mining has been an economic activity whose importance is increasing day by day as a driving force behind industrialization since ancient times. The Industrial Revolution owes its historically striking changes to the developments in the field of mining. The activities carried out in the field of mining are also of great importance in terms of effective use of domestic resources and reducing foreign dependency on energy, beyond their contribution to the industrialization process. The main purpose of the statist policies that started in the 1930s in the economic history of Türkiye is to ensure industrialization. Mining activities have taken an important place within the framework of interventionist policies that focus on industrialization. During the 1936-1950 period covering the study, Etibank was the only institution representing the state in the mining sector. Beyond this representation authority, the production by Etibank constituted an important part of the mine production in Türkiye. Etibank has made a significant contribution to the industrial growing and development process with the production and investment activities it has undertaken within the scope of industrial interventionism. In the study, the efficiency of Etibank on economic growth has been tried to be tested by using data on fixed capital investments belonging to Etibank, which represents industrial interventionism. Unfinished Facilities and Facility Costs, Establishment and Enterprise Capital and Subsidiaries covering the period 1936-1950 were calculated as fixed capital investments; the Autoregressive Distribution Delayed (ARDL) bounds test model was used to investigate the long-term relationship between variables. The empirical findings support the conclusion that industrial interventionism has a positive effect on economic growth.

El artículo utiliza una metodología de investigación de tipo descriptivo, analítico, en base a una revisión bibliográfica con el objetivo de analizar la relación entre la gestión sostenible del agua y la gran minería del oro en Perú. Se plantea como objetivos analizar los principales problemas, sus propuestas de solución en los conflictos socio ambientales con la actividad minera del oro, que se presentan en la gestión del agua que realizan los gobiernos locales. Como resultados se encontró que entre los principales problemas que se observan tenemos, afectación de lagunas, actividad minera en cabeceras de cuenca, afectación en la calidad de agua que se usa en la zona de dominios. Y como soluciones se tiene, inspección sanitaria a los sistemas de agua, abastecimiento de agua potable con camiones cisterna. A modo de conclusión, ello refleja que la actividad minera puede establecerse en algunas zonas poniendo en peligro el abastecimiento de agua de calidad y en volumen adecuado para el...

Small-scale gold mining of the nontraditional type in the area of Upper Ambalanga River basin in Benguet province in the Philippines has been going on for many years. Mercury being an illegal substance, people hide its use and the local government finds it difficult to confirm where it is used. Mercury amalgamation is used haphazardly and with little regulation. Mercury is released into the environment in the form of tailings, wastewater and vapor from the roasting of amalgam in order to separate gold. The earliest indication of abnormal levels of Hg in the area was found through the random testing of scalp hair among residents in Upper Acupan Camp. The objective of the river sediment sampling is to determine the sites of Hg discharge on two separate occasions. Sampling of river sediments was conducted as a first approximation of the extent of mercury contamination that has resulted from this type of gold mining. Three sites from among ten or so sites were found to be actively using...

For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit https://store.usgs.gov. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this information product, for the most part, is in the public domain, it also may contain copyrighted materials as noted in the text. Permission to reproduce copyrighted items must be secured from the copyright owner.

Swedish press debate regarding the idea of a 'circular economy' is analysed to enable critical reflection on the development and use of the concept. We examine how actor positions formed around ideas of increased circularity. Using press material from 2012 to 2019 we identify positions on circular economy taken by Swedish companies, public authorities, political parties, and opinion makers. Our analysis reveals convergence amongst these actors at the national level despite ongoing situated local environmental conflicts. We show that this convergence is enabled by the convening power of ambiguity, which characterizes the use of circular economy ideas as an 'floating signifier' in the debate. In Sweden ideas of a circular economy may have been deployed by resilient capital to harness an otherwise economically disruptive process, as a new expression of ecological modernization. Further research into the political economy of circular economy ideas is encouraged.

who are members of the Groupe de recherche sur les activités minières en Afrique (GRAMA), which is part of the Centre Études Internationales et Mondialisation of the Faculty of Political Science and Law of the Université du Québec à Montréal (UQÀM). Bonnie Campbell is a professor of political economy in the Department of Political Science at UQÀM and Bruno Sarrasin is a professor in the Département d'Études urbaines et touristiques at the same university. Pascale Hatcher and Ariane Lafortune are former graduate students in political science at UQÀM. The article also includes the contributions of Thomas Akabzaa, professor of Geology at the University of Ghana, Legon, and of Paula Butler, doctoral candidate at the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto.

About 80% of all molybdenum mined in the world (not including units recovered via recycling) is used as an alloying element in iron and steel. In general, the intensity of molybdenum use in China is still lower than in more highly developed regions such as the USA and Europe. This difference is manifest in both carbon steels and stainless steels, suggesting a significant opportunity for more widespread use of molybdenum in the future as China follows its self-reliance policy, calling for more sophisticated materials. Active market development, as being pursued by the International Molybdenum Association (IMOA), is a key asset in that respect. This article summarizes some key facts on molybdenum mining, use and market development in China.

Several evaluations of contemporary left-of-center governments in South America suggest that natural resource governance in the region has become post-neoliberal only in the sense that States augmented the appropriation and distribution of rent motivated by sustained international demand for commodities. The political ecologies of mining remain characterized by increasing demands for more democratic decision-making as occurred in the 1990s. In order to explain this continuity, most studies focus on the interactions between States and civil societies. They state that a pragmatic stance on resource governance regards rent capture and distribution over the development of mechanisms for inclusion in decision-making. These assessments give only a partial account of the interactions involved in such dynamic, they underestimate corporate behavior as a central component of emerging forms of governance. We argue that companies were central actors of the production of mining conflicts during the 1990s and still exert an important degree of influence in resource governance through corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategies. Our findings show that since the neoliberal legal and administrative reforms of the early 1990s, Argentinian and Ecuadorian governments have supported a system of mining governance that regards the economic interests over the demands for more democratic decision-making. Nevertheless, even after recognizing the deleterious effects of neoliberal CSR practiced by companies, left-of-center governments have not been able to steer corporate behavior in a new direction.

was utilized for assesing the competetion.And then, swot analysis is done chrome mining lastly, strategic evaluation is done in the context of assesments and analysis for chrome mining and various suppestions have been made about the strategic sense.

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Entre los debates en torno a la política minera en Argentina se destacan las referencias a la propiedad de los recursos. Se suele señalar el artículo constitucional que reconoce el dominio originario de las provincias sobre los recursos naturales como un cerrojo que impediría articular una política minera nacional con mayores grados de soberanía. Aquí se presentan resultados parciales de un análisis del régimen jurídico minero de Argentina. Se propone pensar el "acceso a los recursos", dimensión empírica que involucra una diversidad de relaciones sociales complejas que incluyen —pero exceden— al régimen de propiedad. A partir de una exploración de la normativa vigente, este artículo aspira a responder cuáles son los mecanismos de acceso a los recursos mineros en Argentina y en qué medida instancias estatales nacionales o sub nacionales pueden regular el acceso a los mismos. En conclusión, se afirma que la propiedad de los recursos no es una dimensión necesariamente relevante para caracterizar la política minera de un país; por el contrario, se pretende mostrar que, en Argentina, la política minera es garantizada por el Estado nacional, aun cuando los recursos sean provinciales.

En las últimas décadas, el país asiático promovió la minería aurífera y varias comunidades indígenas se vieron forzadas a abandonar sus tierras y sus formas de vida tradicionales. Desde 2015 hasta 2021, el Servicio Geológico de la India encontró y exploró 17 bloques de oro. Por el avance de la minería del oro, las protestas se multiplican en los distintos territorios indígenas afectados.  Por Suhas Chakma para Debates Indígenas.

James K. Polk receives far less attention than his peers shortly before or after his presidency.  This alone is reason to welcome this sweeping volume on one of the most consequential early US presidents, one whose legacy continues to influence, particularly in foreign policy.  This collection moves beyond biography to put the complexities of Polk and his presidency in context, identifying its origins and influence on American government and policy. It highlights the experiences not only of leaders but those Polk affected, including victims of slavery.

For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit https://store.usgs.gov. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this information product, for the most part, is in the public domain, it also may contain copyrighted materials as noted in the text. Permission to reproduce copyrighted items must be secured from the copyright owner.

Este artículo o paper académico hace un recorrido sobre la megamiería en México, dándole una interpretación a partir del concepto antropológico de "reciprocidad negativa". Es decir, cuando las empresas mineras pagan migajas a las comunidades a cambio de saquear grandes cantidades de minerales; este acuerdo no paga el valor de los metales extraídos ni resana los daños socioambientales y paisajísticos que ocasiona.

El presente trabajo expone la gestión comunitaria del agua como estrategia para enfrentar la amenaza de explotación minera desde el estudio de caso del Sistema Comunitario de Agua Tarqui-Victoria del Portete en la provincia de Azuay, Ecuador. Los pobladores locales adscritos al sistema comunitario han generado formas colectivas de organización social que resisten y enfrenta al proyecto aurífero Loma Larga. Desde dicha institución impulsan la organización colectiva como posibilidad de reproducción de la vida, conservan la gestión y de defensa del agua y la naturaleza al tiempo que enfrentan el avance de la actividad minera..

En terminos de recursos naturales America Latina es la region mas rica del mundo. Las multiples finalidades de la naturaleza -subsistencia para las comunidades, ingresos para los Estados, commodities para las companias, y biodiversidad para los conservacionistas- han convertido la gobernanza medioambiental en una arena altamente disputada en la region. Relaciones de poder asimetricas, prioridades en conflicto, y compensaciones entre multiples metas, han llevado a una mirada de iniciativas contrastantes que reformulen las relaciones sociales y los territorios rurales. Este volumen aborda estas tensiones a partir del analisis de la gobernanza medioambiental como un proceso complejo de formulacion y disputa de valores, procedimientos y practicas que modelan los patrones de acceso, control y uso de los recursos naturales.

Los conflictos socioambientales se han multiplicado en Mexico y en otras partes del Sur global durante los primeros tres lustros del nuevo milenio. Estos conflictos giran en torno a los megaproyectos de mineria, la construccion de grandes represas, la explotacion petrolera, y el desarrollo de infraestructura para la transportacion de agua, energia, mercancias y personas. Tambien hay conflictos en torno a los desarrollos turisticos, la expansion urbana descontrolada, el manejo de desechos solidos, las semillas geneticamente modificadas y diversas formas de contaminacion industrial y agroquimica. Tipicamente, se trata de pugnas entre grandes corporaciones que gozan del respaldo del Estado y las y los afectados, quienes construyen alianzas con los elementos progresistas y radicales de la sociedad civil, y quienes despliegan diversas formas de accion colectiva a traves de redes de organizacion que operan en distintos ambitos (regional, nacional e internacional). En muchos casos, son age...

T his paper studies the relationship between mega-mining and the human right to water in Mexico, based on its role in national development. From political ecology and ecological economics, it is pertinent to investigate the water commodification phenomenon in favor of the extractive industry and its repercussions on human life. The question here is: how does the attention process to the human right to water arise and manifest itself in the presence of mining megaprojects? It is argued that in Mexico, during the era of the neoliberal development model, preference has been given to supplying water to extractive megaprojects such as mega-mining, which has generated severe impacts on the ecosystem that have undermined the guaranteed human right to water. Preliminary results indicate that the mining industry in Mexico has become a primordial place for capital appreciation that gradually monopolizes surface and underground water sources, while State policy has contributed to violating the human right to water of one out of every ten Mexicans.

El proyecto de ley de protección de glaciares ha suscitado gran interés político, empresarial, social y científico y se ha constituido como un conflicto socioambiental que va más allá de un territorio específico y que ha permitido en la expresión de los argumentos, a uno y otro lado, evidenciar diferentes miradas sobre el país, diferentes formas de percibir el desarrollo económico y que ha evolucionado desde un conflicto por elementos altamente tangibles (territorio, agua) hacia temas éticos y valóricos que cuestionan la institucionalidad del país y los paradigmas actuales de desarrollo. Esta investigación plantea que el conflicto tiene su origen en el proyecto Pascua Lama y que ha evolucionado en la demanda de no repetir dicha experiencia, por lo que se indaga sobre la cronología del conflicto a través de la recopilación de notas de prensa y otras fuentes de información, analizando los hitos, sus actores y sus elementos, cosmovisiones y paradigmas, evidenciando qu...

  En este artículo estudiamos el conflicto social vinculado a un megaproyecto minero en la zona de Íntag, en el Ecuador, desde una perspectiva que combina la geografía crítica y la ecología política. Analizamos en qué medida el conflicto, que inició hace dos décadas, ha dado lugar a cambios significativos en las territorialidades de la zona. Interpretamos la creación de la Reserva Comunitaria de Junín como un proceso de reterritorialización, liderado por comunidades aledañas al proyecto y amenazadas por la territorialidad que busca imponer capitales megamineros transnacionales. Evidenciamos la pertinencia del concepto de des-re-territorialización planteado por Haesbaert y mostramos que, en el marco de la conversión acelerada de territorios a la lógica del capital transnacional en América Latina, no necesariamente asistimos a una dinámica secuencial de “des” y luego “re” territorialización por un actor ajeno, nacional o transnacional. Más bien, esta conversión es a menudo un proceso ...

Abstract The objective of this paper is to test the hypothesis that cyclical metal mining activity is more stable when multi-metal products are produced. A theoretical short-run supply curve for a metal is developed showing by-product, co-product, and main product behaviour. This curve is used to illustrate co-product pricing trends that are indicative of different cyclical behaviour patterns. The non-parametrical sign test is used to test co-product price trends for the US metal mining industry. The results indicate that multi-metal production stabilizes the mining industry in the short run but not in the long run.

The slowing of the Chinese economy and falling global commodity prices in recent years have raised questions about the future of China as a stable source of demand for commodities. Many commentators have argued that China’s growth will weaken further in the future, chiefly for structural reasons such as declining productivity growth (Wu 2015), a falling return to capital (Ma, Roberts and Kelly this volume) and the reversal of demographic tailwinds (Cai and Lu 2013). Even relatively optimistic analysts see the potential for future growth in China being concentrated in less resource-intensive activities such as services (Lardy 2014). This paper gives an overview of current issues affecting the composition of China’s commodity demand and considers the implications of a different pattern of commodity imports in coming years.

The risk of resource depletion for future generations of humanity is often cited as an important issue. The choice of impact categories and characterization models for resource extraction in LCA is no more precise than other impact categories and models. This means that more discussion is needed on the use of resources. In this article, the potential depletion of Boron and Boron minerals (Colemanite, Ulexite, Tincal) are studied. These minerals have a big role for the world and for Turkey; however, this resource is limited. Using the life cycle assessment methodology, one can estimate the resource depletion through the indicator “abiotic resource depletion”. Several models can evaluate this indicator, but the most used models are ReCiPe and CML (that is the previous attempt of ReCiPe) methods. Here, we estimated the damage that is done to natural resource scarcity. The values that are calculated by these two methods were compared to identify the potential evolution of the model and ...

Cumhuriyetin 100. yılında, 100 yıllık madencilik serüvenini özetlemeye çalıştım. Rakamlar ve grafiklerden ziyade ülkemizin siyasi tercihleri ve ekonomik koşullarına paralel olarak incelemeye çalıştım. Bir arşiv belgesi niteliğinde

İlginizi çekeceği umuduyla ….

Nadir AVŞAROĞLU
Maden Mühendisi