Military Landscape

Az oszmán-megszállta Kanizsával szemben a Mura mentén felállított őrházak számos forrásból ismertek, ezek közt több térképi ábrázolás is található, amelyek GIS alapokon történt vizsgálata még nem történt meg. A tanulmány kísérletet tesz az egyik legnagyobb méretarányú, legrészletesebb térkép, G G Spalla hadmérnök 1670. évi földabroszának elemzésére, az adódó georeferálási megoldások és a topográfiai térképeken felismerhető terepformák, a csatatáj egykori maradványainak azonosítására, mindezek összevetésével az egyes őrházak valószínű helyének meghatározására. A bizonytalanságok feltárása remélhetőleg későbbiekben a munka folytatására, a helyszínek mind pontosabb meghatározására sarkallja majd a témával foglalkozó, terepi és GIS ismeretekkel rendelkező kutatókat.

A táborozási kép georeferálásának adott eredményei járulékosan kellő alapot adnak egy a korabeli forrásokban említett előcsatározás helyszínének lokalizációjára, ezzel a tanulmány adatokat származtat a mohácsi csata (1526) helyszínére vonatkozó egyes elképzelések értékeléséhez is. A feldolgozott metszet a szerző általi korábbi értékeléshez képest immár georeferáláson esett át, ezzel növelve az ábrázolt helyszín ismeretességének fokát.

Public television : politics and the battle over documentary film I B. J. Bullert. p. cm.-(Communications, media, and culture) Includes bibliographical references and index.

This is a case-study of how 'Dark Circle,' a provocative documentary about the nuclear weapons industry, ended up being accepted for a PBS broadcast, and then cancelled in the 1980s. The award-winning film was produced by San Francisco based filmmakers Judy Irving, Ruth Landy and Christopher Beaver.

Bu çalışma sosyal altyapının kentsel eşitsizliklerin önemli bir özelliği olduğunu ilçe ölçeğinde göstermektedir. Ekonomik olanaklarının yanı sıra bir kenti iyi yapan şeylerden birisi de insanlara sunduğu sosyal altyapı hizmetleridir. 21. Yüzyıl kentlerin her bölgesi eşit bir biçimde sosyal altyapıya erişememektedir. Sosyal altyapı, çağdaş kentsel yaşamın gelişimi ve sürdürülebilirliği için oldukça önemlidir. Özellikle büyük kentlerin çeperine göç eden insanların kente tutunmaları, aidiyet kurmaları ve kentsel yaşamı içselleştirmelerinde sosyal altyapı etkili rol oynamaktadır. İstanbul'daki kentsel eşitsizlikleri sosyal altyapı boyutu ile ele alan çalışmalara, Esenler İlçesi örneğinde yürütülen bu çalışma ile elde edilen bulguların değerlendirilmesiyle katkı yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada İstanbul'un çeperinde kırdan kente göç, mülteci göçü ve işçi sınıfından meydana gelen Esenler İlçesindeki sosyal altyapı, diğer ilçelerle karşılaştırılarak analiz edilmiştir. Çeşitli veri kaynakları ve uydu görüntülerden oluşturulan veri tabanı tematik haritalarla sunulmuştur. Bulgulara göre İstanbul'da merkez ve çeper ilçeler arasına sosyal altyapı açısından ciddi bir uçurum bulunmaktadır. Bu uçurum eğitim, sağlık, rekreasyon ve konut yakıtı olarak dört biçimde kendisini göstermektedir. Düşük eğitim seviyesine sahip Esenler'in nitelikli bir eğitim profili edinmesinin önünde, okul öncesi eğitim mekânlarının kısıtlılığı, ilköğretim okullarındaki kalabalık sınıf mevcudiyetleri ve liselerin kalite yetersizliği gibi ciddi sorunlar bulunmaktadır. İkincisi, merkezi ilçelere göre sağlık hizmetleri yetersiz olan Esenler'de sadece altı muayenehane bulunmaktadır. Üçüncü olarak, çarpık ve yoğun yapılaşmanın boş alan bırakmadığı ilçede yeşil alan yoğun nüfusun rekreasyonel ihtiyaçlarını karşılayamamaktadır. Son olarak, kalabalık hane halkına rağmen Esenlerde düşük alım gücü sebebiyle doğalgaz tüketimi merkezi ilçelere göre oldukça düşüktür. Tüm bu göstergeler Esenler İlçesinin kente sağlıklı bir biçimde tutunacak başat sosyal altyapı hizmetlerinden eksik kaldığını vurgulamaktadır. Dolayısıyla, kentsel eşitsizliklerin daha iyi anlaşılması, sorunların önüne geçilmesi ve yaşanabilir kent ortamlarını oluşturmanın yolu öncelikli olarak kent çeperlerindeki sosyal altyapının güçlendirilmesinden geçmektedir.

Queensland. His teaching and research intersect with a number of disciplines: creative writing, publishing studies and cultural studies. Dallas is also a writer with creative work published in a number of journals and anthologies. His current research interests are memoir and memory, scriptwriting, editing and publishing and 'self-making' in cultural practices such as creative writing, reading and popular music consumption.

This edition also contains historical elements of our programs that aim to shine a light on our forerunners and demonstrate our legacies of responsibility, cooperation, dedication, progress, education, safety, and more. When it's all put together, it is a legacy of service. It is a legacy of service from days gone by and a legacy of service today. DOE has not performed it alone and our legacy has been shaped by partners, tribes, and stakeholders, and that will continue to be the case as we move forward. Together, we'll look for ways to make a better tomorrow, with an appreciative eye on our yesterdays.

"Store (the Strangeness of Storage is Silent)" critically explores the paradoxes and distortions of containment and storage in the context of both the physical environment and the digital realm. This study unpacks the problematic representation of Superfund sites as pixels on a map, examining how containment is manipulated to obscure environmental neglect and health threats. As we move into a future dominated by digital spaces, the capacity for storage, or lack thereof, is proposed to have profound implications. Emphasizing the shift from archiving to ephemeral experiences, the research highlights how intimate, unmanageable, and untraceable digital interactions may shape our future living conditions. However, the role of moderation in open spaces and the deceptive association between openness and infinite choice are questioned, drawing upon Badiou's thoughts on infinity. The study further examines the evolving role of storage and moderation in the construction of political, economic, and aesthetic spaces. Through a metaphorical exploration of the barnacle, the work ponders on the tension between the physical elements of our past and the intangible future. Finally, in the exploration of unspokenness, the notion of mathematical abstraction is contested, suggesting that organizations, rather than storage, form the real fabric of our world. This comprehensive examination of 'storage' challenges prevailing perceptions, proposing a radical reimagining of its role and significance.

This paper uses Pohakuloa Training Area (PTA) as an example to explain the various terminologies of native and non-native invasives and their issues. I provide a couple of pictures to help you understand the scale and nature of the problems they induce. Further complimenting my work, I have excellent on-site knowledge of this topic from my experiences working at PTA.

A már Rómer Flóris által is felismert, Patay Pál (MNM) által részletesen dokumentált „dunántúli hosszanti sáncok” nyomvonalára vonatkozóan a legutóbbi összefoglaló tanulmány óta számos légifotó, műholdfelvétel került ki az internetre, a köz által elérhetően. A mindeddig tisztázatlan korú védelmi rendszer tágabb perspektívában szemlélve a természetföldrajzi adottságok által determinált. A nyomvonal szakaszok lefutásának pontosítása, az eddig ismeretlen szakaszok azonosítása a műhold- és légifotók alapján elvégezhető volt, így az a korábbiaknál lényegesen nagyobb méretarányban áll már rendelkezésre. A munka eredményeként feltárultak a védelmi rendszer mesterséges és természetföldrajzi összefüggései is.

A Hungaricana internetes térképi adatbázisában számos település, így Lippó község XVIII. szd-i birtoktérképe is megtalálható. A település területén feltüntetett castellum helye ma is ismert, így a térképmű georeferálása alkalmas az ábrázolás megbízhatóságának értékelésére, tanulságul más települések hasonló térképeinek értelmezéséhez. A georeferálás eredményes elvégzéséhez az egykori birtokhatár töréspontjainak, ma is felismerhető maradványainak, mint azonosító pontoknak alkalmazása vezetett, amely a szerző gyakorlatában más feladatok megoldásánál is bevált eljárás.

This article draws together empirical case studies from Britain, France, and the United States to develop the nascent history of landscapes used to prepare for war and national defense. Although environmental historians have explored the environmental impact of war, the military training areas and weapons manufacturing sites that form the focus of this comparative study remain peripheral to the discipline, despite the vast landholdings that militaries deploy in the preparation for war. This essay approaches these important but understudied sites through the lens of four major themes-protesting militarization through eviction, the emergence of military environmentalism, the status and role of nonhuman occupants of militarized landscapes, and cooperation between civilians and the military-in a broadly chronological comparative study. As these themes reveal, more subtle analysis of the evolving relationship between the military and the environment is required as an antidote to the binary approaches that currently dominate scholarship. Existing perspectives not only tend to lack sensitivity to both time and space but either uncritically claim that military activity is ecologically harmless (or even beneficial) or dismiss the claims of military environmentalism as mere "greenwash."

Az újkori vesztőhelyek térképi ábrázolásainak tanulmányozása során több Kaposvárhoz közeli jelet lehet azonosítani. A jelek helyének meghatározása érdekében, a Kapos-folyót ábrázoló, 1778-ban készült térképvázlat és az Első Katonai Felmérés (1782-1785) szelvényeinek georeferálása megtörtént, mivel azok olyan terepi jellegeket, tereppontokat tartalmaznak, amelyek alapján eredményesen el lehetett végezni a műveletet. Az eredménytérképek már kellő alapot adtak az ábrázolt vesztőhelyek és egy vélt erődítés GIS programban történő helyazonosításához, földrajzi szemléletű értelmezéséhez. Mindezzel alapadatok jöttek létre a további kutatás számára.

Mére középkori település (máshol Mere, Mérő, ma Kaposmérő, Somogy vármegye) területére korabeli források alapján több említés nevez meg végvárrá kiépült földesúri erősséget, castellumot, amelynek helyét az eddigiekben nem, vagy csak becsléssel azonosították. A Kapos vízfolyást ábrázoló, 1778-ban készült térképvázlat az előzetes értékelés alapján tartalmaz olyan terepi jellegeket, tereppontokat tartalmaz, amelyek alapján érdemes volt elvégezni a térképmű georeferálását. Az eredményül kapott térkép már lehetővé tette az ábrázolt sáncmű GIS programban való helyazonosítását.

MARKED BY THE SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERY of atomic energy, the nuclear age, which spans the twentieth century, has changed the nature of culture as well as the landscape.l Vast, secret landscapes play host to nuclear arms and commercial energy producers. 2 Nuclear sites concern not only scientists and politicians, but also environmental designers/artists. The need to evoke a cultural discourse, protect future generations, reveal or conceal radioactive burial sites and recycle retired installations engenders our participation. How do we intersect with these hellish places? Do we have a potent role in addressing this conundrum? In what follows, I confront the consumption and design of today's most daunting places-the landscapes of nuclear material production, processing, testing and burial.

Marked by the scientific discovery of atomic energy, the nuclear age, which spans the twentieth century, has changed the nature of culture as well as the landscape. I Despite recent talks on nuclear disarmament, the dread of nuclear arms production, proliferation, and waste storage is pervasive at both global and local levels, haunting governments, communities, and individuals alike. Nuclear sites concern not only scientists and politicians but also environmental designers. The need to evoke a cultural discourse, protect future generations, reveal or conceal radioactive burial sites, and recycle retired installations engenders the participation of artists and designers. How do designers intersect with these hellish places? Do we have a potent role in addressing this conundrum? In what follows, I confront the consumption and design of today' s most daunting places-the landscapes of nuclear and radioactive material production, processing, testing, and burial. V; AST SECRET LANDSCA...

Identifying appropriate restoration goals has long posed a challenge in ecological restoration. The task becomes even more difficult in settings with diverse land use histories. After two decades of remediation, a former chemical weapons facility near Denver, Colorado, has become a national wildlife refuge. Restoration efforts have isolated contaminants and restored bison and native prairie, but the site's complex history invites a deeper consideration of reference conditions. This article presents data from a visitor survey and interviews with land managers and citizen groups to examine conceptions of historical fidelity at this site. Results indicate that visitors and land managers orient toward restoration that features a traditional reference condition. Citizen groups point to restoration of cultural features as the highest priorities. This research highlights disparities between constituencies and suggests that restoration work itself may shape values that inform visitors a...

Este artigo cientifico tem por objetivo investigar o tipo penal inserido no § 1° do art. 180 pela Lei 9.426/1996 do Codigo Penal brasileiro, com o nomen juris de receptacao qualificada que aumentou significativamente a pena aplicavel ao receptador profissional e, desde sua vigencia, tem provocado divergencia doutrinaria e jurisprudencial quanto a sua validade constitucional.Dessa forma, este trabalho academico tem como foco a analise da posicao assumida pela doutrina penal brasileira e pela jurisprudencia, principalmente, do Supremo Tribunal Federal, sobre a constitucionalidade da incriminacao contida no referido dispositivo penal.

Although the Cold War is commonly considered 'over,' the legacies of that conflict continue to unfold throughout the globe. One site of post-Cold War controversy involves the consequences of U.S. nuclear weapons production for worker safety, public health, and the environment. Over the past two decades, citizens, organizations, and governments have passionately debated the nature of these consequences, and how they should be managed. This volume clarifies the role of communication in creating, maintaining, and transforming the relationships between these parties, and in shaping the outcomes of related organizational and political deliberations. Providing various perspectives on nuclear culture and discourse, this anthology serves as a model of interdisciplinary communication scholarship that cuts across the subfields of political, environmental, and organizational communication studies, and rhetoric.

The relationship between humans and wetlands has sometimes been vexatious. English Wetlands takes up the discussion of this general issue by foregrounding the dialectical and dialogical relationship between humans and wetlands, and the way they have shaped each other for better and worse (pp. v-vi). This relationship is mediated by both aesthetic and ecological perceptions and valuations that English Wetlands goes on to explore, especially in relation to writing about wetlands (chapter 4). It also situates these concerns in three case study sites in Bedfordshire, Somerset and the Humber Valley where it discusses human use, experience, value and perception of local wetlands (chapter 2). These studies are underpinned by, and are the result of, extensive social surveying and data collection and analysis. Addressing these issues on site requires a multidisciplinary point of view and the willingness to draw from different disciplines as English Wetlands does, such as: palaeoenvironmental archaeology; landscape architecture and environmental planning; human geography; ecosystem services; eco-criticism; literary, cultural and critical theory; environmental history; and natural resources management (p. vi). This multidisciplinarity creates a rich and diverse discussion, as is evident in the early pages of the book where it draws on humans' lived experiences of wetlands (as one might expect to find in an environmental humanities' approach) and where it discusses definitions of wetlands drawn from the scientific literature placed within intergovernmental and policy frameworks (perhaps to be expected of social scientists). The former is inductive, the latter deductive. Both are valid and valuable and English Wetlands interweaves them successfully here and throughout. English Wetlands begins with recounting humans' lived, embodied experiences of wetlands as 'nether regions' both geographically and anatomically in a fine piece of 'new nature writing' that evokes poetically how wetlands are visceral and corporeal spaces and places linked to the 'nether regions' of the human body (p. 5), or 'the grotesque lower bodily stratum' as Mikhail Bakhtin called it, a place of carnivalesque inversion of the social hierarchy. 1 It is contiguous and continuous with I call 'the grotesque lower earthly stratum' of wetlands. 2 This stratum is also a fertile and fecund womb, the place of what Hannah Arendt calls 'natality' (being born) in her early work on love that she countered to Martin Heidegger's being towards death. 3 Wetlands are wombs of new life. Wombs are also watery spaces of new life. English Wetlands seems a bit squeamish about tackling this messy topic with its feminist and psychoanalytic implications. This squeamishness smacks of gender-blindness as wetlands are feminised places for good or ill: ill in misogynist patriarchy as places of disease, death, horror, the monstrous and tombs of dead matter; good in matrifocal ecofeminism, especially French feminism, as place of life, death, health, the maternal and wombs of new life. Dredging, draining and reclaiming wetlands is a quintessentially masculinist thing to do. It was certainly the kind of war the Fascist Mussolini liked to fight and win, at least in the short term. Floods in wetland cities, such as New Orleans and New York, suggest that in the longer term the war was never won, never could be and at best only a truce can be achieved. English Wetlands then goes on address 'the slippery definition' of wetlands in science and the sad and sorry history of wetlands in England from commons, through drainage and enclosure to conservation (pp. 7-8). It also discusses the ways in which wetlands have been represented and mediated in and by art, story and literature, beginning with a poem by Seamus Heaney (pp. 18-19), the patron saint of bogs, and gesturing towards the poetry of John Clare (p. 113), the patron saint of the Fens.

A csata korabeli, sokszor művészi igényű ábrázolásai, térképvázlatai olyan azonosítható földrajzi elemeket, terepjellegeket tartalmaznak, amelyek a terepen, a korszerű térképműveken azonosíthatók. Egyes csataképek a madártávlati nézetük belső változásai mellett is arányosak, így meggondolandó térinformatikai eszközökkel való elemzésük. A vizsgálat kiterjedt a csatatér és az érintett környezet seregmozgásokat befolyásoló földrajzi, felszínmorfológiai viszonyaira, a hadmozdulatok által érintett távolabbi tér vizsgálatára is. A művészi ábrázolásokon túli egyes képi megjelenítések, térképek, korábbi szakirodalmi eredmények elemzésével a további régészeti kutatás kiemelt fontosságú területei is meghatározhatók.
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Geographical space must be understood as a progressive and conscious construction in which the geographical elements and the relationships between the elements themselves are placed. From the post-World War II period and for the following twenty years, the coastal area has maintained an albeit minimal break with the man-made spaces; since the seventies of the last century, rapid industrial development has increasingly occupied the coasts. Among the most evident coastal territorial signs are the lighthouses. The analysis intends to reflect on the path of transformation of some coastal structures in Italy.

Over the past year, an intensive effort has been undertaken to improve the basis and accuracy of the out year decommissioning cost estimates for the closure of the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site (RFETS or Rocky Flats). Decommissioning activities represent a substantial share of the total estimated life-cycle cost for closing the facility. In addition, decommissioning of many of the buildings at Rocky Flats, particularly the plutonium production and recovery facilities, are first-of-a-kind projects. The uniqueness of these projects pose substantial challenges in terms of estimating the costs, duration, and technical outcomes. The Facility Disposition Cost Model (FDCM) has been developed to generate an order-ofmagnitude, life cycle cost estimate for decommissioning all facilities at the RFETS. A standard work breakdown structure (WBS) for decommissioning activities provides the organizing framework for the estimate. The FDCM relies primaril...

Marked by the scientific discovery of atomic energy, the nuclear age, which spans the twentieth century, has changed the nature of culture as well as the landscape. Despite recent talks on nuclear disarmament, the dread of nuclear arms production, proliferation, and waste storage is pervasive at both global and local levels, haunting governments, communities, and individuals alike. Nuclear sites concern not only scientists and politicians but also environmental designers. The need to evoke a cultural discourse, protect future generations, reveal or conceal radioactive burial sites, and recycle retired installations engenders the participation of artists and designers. How do designers intersect with these hellish places? Do we have a potent role in addressing this conundrum? In what follows, I confront the consumption and design of today’s most daunting places - the landscapes of nuclear and radioactive material production, processing, testing, and burial.

Utvar (Földvár?) település helyének térinformatikai meghatározása a siklósi uradalom 1700. évi birtoktérképe alapján A mohácsi csata (1526) centrális területének kutatása során többféle megközelítés képezi vita tárgyát. A korabeli, megbízható térképek hiányában az újkori, a török alól felszabadult Baranya birtokviszonyait ábrázoló térképek is tartalmaznak olyan adatokat, amelyek GIS elemzése kétségtelen hibák mellett rámutathat a lehetséges megoldásra. Ezen térképművek georeferálása a GIS szakember számára ugyan hajmeresztő bátorságnak tűnhet, de egy kevés befektetett munkát, némi jel-zaj arány javítást mindenképpen megér a kihívás. Az egyes megoldásokról lehet vitatkozni, de gondolatokat is ébreszthetnek, különösen, ha más kutatók más adatok alapján, más módszerekkel hasonló eredményekhez jutnak.

The work includes studies and projects for the architectural recovery and completion of the Renaissance period monastery of S. Sepolcro by inserting spaces for a new university of medicine and nursing within the overall regeneration project of the area of the Guglielmo da Saliceto Hospital in Piacenza. The university functions and the other activities compatible with the historical structure envisage a valorization of the monastic complex and contribute on several fronts to supporting the regeneration project of the sector where the hospital function has been continuously performed since 1471. The theme presents an opportunity to question on the relation between the architectural project and the historical buildings and, more generally on the functions and actions compatible with the ancient city. This project requires an extended and in-depth evaluation that also questions the concept of “sustainability”, expanded to the “physiology” of the historical buildings and settlements, see...

Emotional landscapes in the imagery of Campania university students Landscape and emotion This paper will attempt to study the relationship between landscape and emotionalism, which has not been studied enough or in depth by subjects and from different perspectives where the landscape has been understood and studied. Through a research carried out by the Geography Laboratory with students from the Italian region of Campania, which had as main object an Italian landscape where students would have wanted to live for at least six months (except Campania), it came out a process of identitarian emotion The geographical imagination is a capillary network of emotional spaces and places, where the place is recreated through strong emotional and emotive meaning. The reality is filtered-choosing consciously or unconsciously the received information-through emotion and sentiment, and it is re-edited with all the visions which are part of our cultural background, through a cultural and visual map which belongs to us, grown with and within ourselves, changing representations into symbols. Even when through the glance we all foresee physiologically the same thing, it does "not use itself up through seeing, but through a process of understanding and building a representation in the light of mediators or categories which change through the time", and which are subjective (Piscitelli 2008, p.99). Each individual has an inner cartography given by the perception of the physical world he/she lives in. There is an "another" space made of memory, emotions, unconscious, and in the crossover of the spaces we are joined by emotions which the individual feels in front of him/her in the open space. The emotion in front of the space, as Franceschini says "if it is originated by visual recognition or chromatic game elements" may be of "amazement, serenity, calmness, comprehension" while in front of an anthropomorphic space "this emotion is enriched by emotional-identitarian elements (...), on this primordial perception the relationship between landscape and individuals is built" (Franceschini 2007, p. 110). Even the relationship between man and territory "finds its aim not only in the material production of the settlement, but also in the production of the representation of the this settlement. Reality cannot be lived without thinking about the image of this reality" (Raffestin 2005, p. 84). The landscape is considered as a form impressed on our mind, produced in a complex sensory, cultural, and emotional arrangement which is created

Rocky Flats (RF) is a former nuclear weapons manufacturing complex in Colorado, 26 km northwest of downwind Denver, at the eastern base of the Rocky Mountains’ Front Range. At RF, between 1952 and 1989, the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) and its successors manufactured plutonium triggers. After remediation (1996–2005), 4000 acres of buffer zone were transferred to the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), to manage as Rocky Flats National Wildlife Refuge (2007). Drawing on research materials from local libraries and archives, this essay explores the ‘weapons to wildlife’ (W2W) conversion of a militarized environment in Denver’s ‘Gunbelt’. The various phases in RF’s demilitarization (closure, cleanup, transition to wildlife refuge and refuge management planning) are examined with reference to recognition of biodiversity value, debate over the ex-plant’s future, and options for running a refuge still in an arrested state of development – closed to the public for want of funding. A fur...

A „dunántúli hosszanti sáncok” kérdéskörében folytatott kutatómunkám során a Baranya megyei Regenye község külterületén sáncra, árokra utaló megírást találtam a Második Katonai Felmérés térképén. A terület átvizsgálása során felmértem a teljes sáncot, az eddigiekben nem hivatkozott, a topográfiai térképen sem jelzett szakasszal együtt, továbbá felmértem a Villány területén húzódó, a beremendi Újmajor közelében erdős területen a föld felszíne fölé emelkedő sáncot. A metszetek összehasonlítása és irodalmi hivatkozások révén, morfológiai alapon kimutattam, hogy a regenyei sánc nagy valószínűséggel a hosszanti sáncrendszer eddig hiányzó részét alkotja.

A harsány-hegyi csata oszmán táborának sáncművét leíró forrásmű elemzésével, a földrajzi tartalmat képző adatok kiemelésévével, a leírás számszerű adatainak térképi alapon történő értelmezésével lehatárolható volt az a területrész, amelynek további vizsgálata eredményt ígér. Több műhold felvételen is azonosítható volt az a lineáció, amely a növényzet lokális megváltozásában mutatkozott meg, és a Németh Béla által 1897-ben leírt sáncként értelmezhető. A vizsgált területen, ugyanezen módszerrel jól követhető a Patay Pál által dokumentált „dunántúli hosszanti sánc” nyomvonala, emellett két egykori templomom helyének térképi azonosítása is megtörtént.

A Szent Liga serege 1687. évi hadmozdulataiban kiemelt szerep jutott a Dráván való átkelésnek, Eszék ostromára készülve, majd a rendezett visszavonulás is ezen az útvonalon történt. A szakirodalomban elő-elő bukkanó tévedés, mely szerint az átkelés Drávaszabolcstól D-re lehetett, több military landscape kérdést vet föl. A kérdés megnyugtató, immár térinformatikai alapon történő tisztázásához ad támaszt az eszékinek vélt, tévesen nyilvántartott táborozási metszet, mint forrásmű, és annak georeferálása. Végeredményül előállt az Old-újtói átkelés újabb bizonyítéka, összhangban az írott forrásokkal.

A térképmű Földvárt egy stilizált, saroktornyos (bástyás?) castellum jellel ábrázolja. A megjelölt hely azonosítása egy megoldást adhat a mohácsi csata egy kritikus kérdéskörében előállt megoldásokhoz. A térkép arányossága – a nyilvánvaló hibái mellett is – alapot ad arra, hogy a jelölt helyet több fázisú georeferálással határozzuk meg.

The New Dutch Waterline represents an emblematic case of how a military landscape can determine a significant trace in the defensive history of a place, becoming at the same time the symbol of modern landscape protection in the Netherlands. The defense line was realized starting from the early 19th century, though the waterline concept was conceived during the revolt of the 16th century against the Spanish rule and it is rooted in the centuries-old struggle against water, a starting point for the development of the Dutch technical expertise in water management. The basic principle of the waterline was to inundate a network of floodable fields, which were connected to a series of military objects placed in strategic points. Following the decline of its defensive potential, due to the introduction of the most recent war tactics since the Second World War, it is from the 1990s that the New Dutch Waterline once again became the center of attention within the Dutch landscape protection policies. Considering this introduction, the paper aims at deepening the knowledge on the New Dutch Waterline, highlighting the mutual relationships between architectures and military landscape. Starting from the study of the sources regarding the surviving material traces, it will focus on the protection and conversion process fielded nationwide and the role played by the military presence in the protection of the Dutch historical landscape.

faces an unusually difficult challenge in estimating life-cycle costs at former weapons sites because of the uncertainties of technology, stewardship, future land use, laws and regulations, and value and availability of money. Further, it is difficult to forecast local and international events for the indefinite period of time over which DOE will be responsible for many sites. We view the challenge as requiring an approach that accepts some variables as under DOE's control and others not under the Department's control. We suggest being as explicit as possible about the full set of cost elements and viewing life-cycle cost estimation as a stochastic process that will require both detailed data analysis and interviews with experts to provide the basis upon which to produce plausible estimates.

Edited by Sarah Kanouse and Shiloh Krupar

“A People’s Atlas of the Nuclear United States” is a digital public humanities project that documents and interprets the relational geographies of nuclear materials used by the United States military. The Atlas is structured to articulate scalar relationships – from the planetary to the corporeal – and to simultaneously present cartographic, textual and image-based information in order to foster active interpretation on the part of its users.

The pilot phase of the online project focuses on the state of Colorado--"A People's Atlas of Colorado"--which contains sites and processes representing all stages of the nuclear cycle.  Through the initial geographic lens of Colorado, the Atlas seeks to infuse nuclear public policy and public memory discussions with humanistic forms of inquiry that address the materiality of nuclear production,  political history, and environmental ethics. More than another clickable map, the Atlas articulates and interprets local embodied experiences, regional material-environmental politics, and their global and intergenerational consequences, thereby making visible what remains a hidden legacy not only of environmental devastation but also of community resilience.

The multiple functions of the Atlas are inherently interdisciplinary and call for collaboration among scholars, designers, digital humanists, and environmental and community organizations. Questions traditionally bound to specific disciplines are better answered using a broad set of lenses: How can geographical and historical inquiry into the nuclear weapons complex precipitate new insights into the relationships between location, security, harm, intervention, and public action? How can methods developed by geographers, artists, and digital humanists stimulate public memory work that is both more engaging and more nuanced? What forms of interactivity, interface, and representation allow stakeholders and scholars to collaboratively address the past and future of nuclear sites?

The project uses the Scalar publishing platform created by the Alliance for Networking Visual Culture based at USC, with a custom interface design by Byse Studio. It is also supported a Provost’s Pilot Research Grant from Georgetown University, and by NuLab: The Center for Maps, Texts, and Networks at Northeastern University.

The fringe belt concept that has been handled morphologically by urban geographers since the 1960s has recently gained increasing attention in the urban planning and design spheres. Fringe belts are the former urban peripheries that are embedded within the city in the historical process. Fringe belts continue to contain the peripheral land uses that are important for urban ecology and sustainable urban development. The fringe belt concept is crucial in order to grasp the morphological growth of the city by understanding the location, function and the significance of the fringe belts to see the effects of different planning approaches on these areas. Fringe belts often feature as urban heritages and ecological corridors and they create a buffer zone that protects natural areas against the negative effects of the city. In addition, they reduce the urban heat island effect by their frequent use of open and green areas. Yet, due to the rapid urbanization and the search for the empty lands, fringe belts are embedded within the city center and its surroundings are exposed to alienation. Fringe belt alienation should be seen as one of the basic problems of the urban development. This study focuses on the military areas that form a part of the fringe belts in İzmir and are predicted to be extramuralized in the near future. As a response to the extramuralization risk, this study evaluates the effects and potential of military areas, which form a part of fringe belts in İzmir, as open green areas on urban ecology and on public interest and this study suggests urban fringe belt planning against the possible alienation risks.

Communication scholars have variously heeded the call for study of environmental and nuclear issues.  A somewhat neglected line of inquiry, however, is the nexus among nuclear weapons, environmental communication, and (post-) Cold War culture. We may attribute disciplinary neglect of this particular intersection to a number of factors, including the historical dominance of public address as a paradigm for Cold War criticism, and the environmentalist framing of the nuclear threat as prospective ecocide.  There are, however, important exceptions to this pattern: studies of the discursive politics surrounding the siting of nuclear waste facilities and the management of "stakeholder relations" in facility communities have demonstrated the benefit of integrating these topics. This essay reviews related theory and research, and provides a case study of the Rocky Flats nuclear weapons production facility.

This chapter examines the role of “stewardship” discourse in shaping relationships between the Department of Energy and its stakeholders. I focus on the discourse of “Long Term Stewardship” (LTS), which surrounds the development of systems at nuclear weapons production and waste storage sites that are intended to protect human health and the environment for the duration of threats posed by contamination. I proceed by examining historical development of the term “stewardship,” and its association with nuclear weapons development. Next, I analyze key DOE and stakeholder texts to interpret and evaluate LTS discourse. I focus on how that discourse shapes
the nature and consequences of stewardship operations. Specifically, I explore an ongoing tension in this discourse between images of “stewardship” and “guardianship” that configure power relationships between these groups in different ways. I conclude by considering the relationship between LTS discourse and the commonly-presumed ideals of stewardship, and by proposing further research that explores the relationship between LTS and its companion nuclear discourse of “Stockpile Stewardship.” These two discourses, I argue, must be
considered simultaneously if nuclear stewardship is to ethically serve the interests of dialogue and democracy.

This chapter studies the relationship between militarism and conservation in Vieques, a municipality island in the unincorporated territory of Puerto Rico. Large areas of Vieques were confiscated from the local inhabitants and used for naval training from the 1940s until 2003, when as a result of insistent protests the Navy ceased all military operations on the island and transferred its property on the eastern side to the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). Upon transfer, the land was designated as a wildlife refuge and, later on, added to the Superfund National Priorities List of the most heavily contaminated sites in the United States. Drawing on interviews with Commonwealth and federal officials involved with the cleanup process in Vieques, and on interviews with and observations of USFWS officials who manage the majority of the contaminated land on the island in particular, the chapter documents both the continued importance of the state for contaminating and purifying the colonial landscape as well as its simultaneous decline through privatization. Situated at the nexus of the scholarships on critical military geography, legal geography, and green imperialism, the chapter explores the multifold colonialisms that take place in Vieques: the banal colonialism exercised by the Navy, with its ongoing practices of denial, delay, and deception; the complex imperial ecology of the USFWS that is paradoxically riddled with anti-colonial practices; and the overall bureaucratic veneer that covers interagency cleanup practices with loads of papers and procedures and that is further complicated by the Navy’s outsourcing of the cleanup to private companies. The chapter ends with a brief discussion of the role of tourism in erasing the military geographies of Vieques.

Long-term stewardship uses a number of mechanisms to ensure sustainability of significant features at a site. Mechanisms include the use of physical and institutional controls, records management, monitoring programs and environmental management frameworks, such as adaptive management and risk assessment. Site stewardship has strong social goals that focus on long-term site health and equity as well as economic objectives. Sydney Olympic Park, Australia, has resources worth conserving and vital information that should not be forgotten. Resources include heritage items and rare ecological habitats; vital information relates to our history and remediation. The land cleanup and conservation have provided improved " quality of life " for our neighbours and visitors, preserving valuable resources for the future and providing lessons about remediation success. However, ongoing management is crucial as contamination remains on-site and social responsibilities have been outlined in the Sydney Olympic Park Authority Act. The parklands are still evolving, a process that could take up to 100 years. Therefore controls put in place during and post remediation need monitoring to assess their effectiveness or restrictiveness under changing circumstances over a period of time. This paper outlines the controls now in place at Sydney Olympic Park and tools used to form the basis of our long-term stewardship decisions; including information management, identification of the " spirit of place " and a strategic research program. As environmental management science is still young, we have highlighted uncertainties and where more information is required.

This paper explores the question of subjectivity, of who or what counts as a subject, bringing three feminist science studies frameworks into dialogue: feminist postcolonial science studies, new feminist materialisms, and queer ecologies. As critical frameworks, each challenges Western modernity and marginalizing exceptionalisms, hierarchies, and binaries, calling for a more inclusive subjectivity. However, they diverge on whether they seek to finish the humanist project and extend subjectivity to all humans or move to post-humanism and question the very notion of subjectivity. Feminist postcolonial science studies challenges the Western/Non-Western divide of subjectivity, queer ecologies challenges the human/ non-human divide, and new feminist materialisms challenges the life/nonlife divide. In their calls for greater inclusivity, the frameworks move expansively from subjectivity located in all human life, to subjectivity in all life, to subjectivity—if there is such an individually located thing—in matter. I argue that bringing these perspectives into dialogue is useful methodolog-ically and politically.

This article focuses on the material and discursive constructions of nature and chil dren in the city. While dominant representations and idealizations of nature and child­ hood depend on the binary logic of the nature/culture and rural/urban divide, there is also a simplification and romanticization of nature in children's geographies and a lack of chil­ dren and their spaces in urban political ecology. We argue that children and nature in cities need to be removed from a binary model of being and attended to in more nuanced ways in urban political ecology and children's geographies. In this regard, we suggest that both nature and children in cities need to be queered. We need to ask how the production of urban spaces (re)creates particular romantic and idealized relations with natures that reify the binaries between nature/culture, and male/female through a heteronormative framework. The purpose of this article is to bring the critical nature–society theories of urban political ecology into conversation with work in children's geographies that explores the 'nature' of childhood, and in doing so queer the relationship between children and nature. Drawing on research on queer ecologies, and queered childhoods, we aim to provide a framework to rethink and queer both nature and children in cities.

faces an unusually difficult challenge in estimating life-cycle costs at former weapons sites because of the uncertainties of technology, stewardship, future land use, laws and regulations, and value and availability of money. Further, it is difficult to forecast local and international events for the indefinite period of time over which DOE will be responsible for many sites. We view the challenge as requiring an approach that accepts some variables as under DOE's control and others not under the Department's control. We suggest being as explicit as possible about the full set of cost elements and viewing life-cycle cost estimation as a stochastic process that will require both detailed data analysis and interviews with experts to provide the basis upon which to produce plausible estimates.

is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Geography and Planning at the University at Albany. Lewis' research interests have focused on the intersection of innovation and regional development, business incubation, and sustainable development. His research has catalyzed interest from policy-makers from the local to global scale including the Japanese Ministry of Industry and Trade, U.S. Departments of Commerce and Energy, the States of New York and New Jersey and a variety of counties and communities across the country. Currently, he is working on developing a regional approach to rural economic development through asset mapping and developing methodologies for regional fiscal impact analysis.