Merchandising

Las series de televisión viven una nueva edad de oro, con multitud de espectadores en todo el mundo. Los expertos y el público acusan que la calidad de las series, y de sus guiones, son mejores que todas las películas que se exhiben en los cines. Por ello, se convierten en un vehículo perfecto para hacer una publicidad efectiva que llega al público y que consigue una empatía y conectividad real. La música ha sido la primera industria en darse cuenta, y solistas y bandas dan su arte a las series, a cambio de la fama y de llegar al gran público. Trataremos y analizaremos los ejemplos esenciales de Disney Channel y de Alexandra Patsavas. Esta mujer es la supervisora musical de más éxito, en el cine y la televisión norteamericanos. Se ha convertido en un nuevo DJ radiofónico y es prescriptora de la música que se ha de poner de moda. Su decisión tiene más efectividad que cualquier anuncio tradicional y ha conseguido que las series de más éxito se conviertan, también, en la forma publicitaria de más éxito para el arte melódico.

Resumo O varejo de moda infantil vem conquistando espaço significativo na indústria têxtil brasileira. Dentre as estratégias de comunicação utilizadas pelo marketing das empresas, o visual merchandising tem grande destaque neste setor. Sendo assim, este artigo apresenta as análises da pesquisa que investigou as ferramentas de visual merchandising no varejo de moda infantil, especificamente no setor de franquias. Foi realizado um estudo de caso sobre as lojas de franquias da marca infantil Lilica Ripilica e Tigor T Tigre, nos estados de Santa Catarina e Paraná, com o intuito de analisar as ferramentas externas e internas utilizadas nas lojas. Foi possível constatar que as franquias da Lilica Ripilica e Tigor T Tigre utilizam diversas ferramentas que compõem o visual merchandising e possuem uma imagem de marca bem determinada e característica para o seu segmento. Palavras-chave: varejo, moda infantil, comunicação, franquias, visual merchandising. Introdução A observação cotidiana sobre o impacto das lojas de franquias que tem como segmento o setor de moda direcionada ao público infantil despertou as diretrizes que motivaram a pesquisa. Nota-se que tanto as redes de franquias como o vestuário infantil são dois mercados que se encontram em crescente ascensão.

Purpose-Retailers are continuously seeking to improve upon the in-store shopping experience for their customers. The present research aims to examine consumers' responses to one such initiative-the shopper solution-that, despite its growing marketplace prominence, remains largely unexamined in academic literature. Design/methodology/approach-Two studies employed a 2(shopper solution: present vs. absent) between-subjects design. MANOVA and regression analyses were used to test hypothesized relationships. Findings-Findings across two studies reveal that the presence (vs absence) of solutions positively influenced shoppers' perceptions of shopping convenience, as well as their purchase intentions. These favorable effects also extended to the provider in higher word-of-mouth and loyalty intentions. Shopping convenience was identified as the mechanism underlying the impact of solutions, while "smart shopper" self-perceptions were shown to moderate these mediating effects. Practical implications-Shopper solutions represent a low-cost, in-store marketing tactic that enhances shopping convenience. They are easy to implement, result in little to no overhead costs and can benefit both shoppers and retailers. Originality/value-To the best of the authors' knowledge, this research represents the first academic examination of the impact of shopper solutions. The authors identify key mediating and moderating influences of the effects of solutions.

Összefoglalás
A drunkorexia jelenségével egyre gyakrabban találkozhatunk a médiában. A drunkorexia nem tartozik az evésmagatartás zavarai közé, illetve egyéb pszichiátriai kórképek közé sem sorolható, bár egyes tünetei hasonlóságot mutatnak az anorexia nervosa és bulimia nervosa tüneteivel. A jelenség társadalmi és kulturális kontextusba illesztve vizsgálható a leghatékonyabban. Tanulmányunkban kiemeljük a média által közvetített üzeneteket, melyek egyszerre sugallják az alkoholfogyasztás pozitívumait és a vékony testalkat idealizálását, alapot teremtve ezzel a drunkorexia megjelenésének.
Kulcsszavak: drunkorexia – anorexia nervosa – bulimia nervosa – médiahatás
Abstract
The phenomenon of drunkorexia resurfaces often in the media. Drunkorexia is neither an eating disorder nor another mental disorder, although some of the symptoms are in agreement with some of the symptoms of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. The phenomenon can be examined in the context of society and culture. In the current article authors underline the impact of media messages, which suggest that alcohol consumption has positive effects; and idealize thin body. These two core messages may serve as foundations for the appearance of drunkorexia.
Keywords: drunkorexia – anorexia nervosa – bulimia nervosa – media messages

Purpose: As sport gradually becomes a full-scale business, a debate about the applicability and appropriateness of measures of performance has emerged. This research aims to analyse how the special features of sport businesses influence the performance management system of a sports merchandiser.
Design/methodology/approach: The research work examines a case study of a sports retailer that manages the merchandising and image rights of a major European football club. It was conducted using Otley’s (1999) performance management framework.
Findings: We found that organization objectives were clearly known by all managers at all levels, despite not articulated in explicit statements, but conveyed in less formal ways. The main finding is to explain how a performance management system can be structured to effectively respond to the sports setting in which a company operates:  constant meetings, shared values, information exchange and fast response to events substituted planning and forecasting.
Research limitations/implications: The nature of the case study research method limits the generalizability of findings. Research in performance measures must have a holistic approach.
Practical implications: Managers can use this comprehensive framework to analyse the consistency of their performance measurement systems and to identify opportunities for improvement. Also, understanding how this organization was successful in communicating objectives and values can be of help.
Originality/value: The paper analyses a performance management system within the special features of sport-related businesses.

The concept of CRM has evolved over a period of time through a sequence of initiatives, which have been directed towards improving business performance. In today's highly competitive business world CRM can be considered as the ultimate solution for both customers as well as organizations. CRM considers customers not as outsiders but as insiders to the business and aims to build a long-term relationship with them. A high degree of customer contact, commitment and services are therefore essential features of CRM.CRM is an on-going process of identifying and creating new value with individual customers and then sharing the benefits of this over a lifetime of association. It involves the understanding, focusing and management of on-going collaboration between suppliers and selected customers for mutual value creation and sharing through interdependence and organizational alignment. Marketing gurus say that STP (Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning) are part of strategic marketing...

SOMMARIO 1. I contratti commerciali di comunicazione e sfruttamento dell'immagine: sponsorizzazio-ne e pubblicità. Inquadramento generale.-1.1. I contratti di pubblicità.-1.2. Sponsorizza-zione e diritto all'immagine.-1.3. Sponsorizzazione e contratti di pubblicità a confronto.-1.4. Sponsorizzazione e figure affini.-1.5. I contratti di sponsorizzazione sportiva: i di-versi modelli contrattuali.-1.6. La disciplina e gli elementi tipici dei contratti di sponso-rizzazione sportiva.-1.7. Le clausole più ricorrenti nella prassi: clausola di esclusiva, dirit-to di prelazione e la previa approvazione delle campagne marketing dello sponsor.-1.8. (Segue) Il problema delle morality clauses.-1.9. La risoluzione per inadempimento. Clau-sola risolutiva espressa e clausola penale.-1.10. La responsabilità dello sponsor.-2. Il merchandising.-2.1. Inquadramento e natura giuridica.-2.2. La disciplina e gli elementi tipici dei contratti di merchandising.-2.3. Il merchandising in ambito sportivo.-2.4. Il merchandising e figure affini: il licensing.

In spite of having very good growth potential, retail in India is passing through turbulent times and therefore, differentiation becomes very essential. There are various players in apparel segment in terms of lifestyle format. These apparel players deliver almost the same thing as their competitors do. Hence, the only means of increasing footfalls and sales of the store is differentiating it in the terms of visual merchandising. The study is aimed to "find out perception of consumers for apparel retail outlet in Ahmedabad". Results reveal as to why visual merchandising is important for strategic marketing decisions to increase the sales of the stores. The study will help store managers to improvise on the dimension a particular store is weak and consequently improve the perceptions of the consumers towards the store.

O mercado televisivo é um mercado de discursos e linguagens sobre os quais a midiatização,
atualizada hoje por programas como reality shows, vem trazendo a tona uma nova forma de
publicidade. Com o aparecimento das novas mídias, foi também se recriando os modelos de
publicidades, Peter Bazalgette, criador da Endemol declarou que o BBB representa uma geração de
atrações que irá salvar a publicidade na televisão, ou seja, é o “Product Placement” ou “branded
entertainment”. Percebe-se que a publicidade na TV tem cada vez mais necessidade de migrar para
os programas, fazendo com que esse novo modo de inserção da publicidade, passe a ser uma
“atração”. Elaboramos uma pesquisa científica que tem por objetivo avaliar a influência midiática
da publicidade inserida nas gravações do reality show “Big Brother Brasil” da rede Globo de
Televisão na percepção dos jovens estudantes do ensino médio da cidade de Esperança/PB. Bem
como identificar se a publicidade ou merchandising exibido no BBB interfere no comportamento do
jovem consumidor.

Retail industry in India is booming and there is fierce competition. The country indeed has become the cynosure of FDI in retail sector and policies are heading towards more liberalization to attract foreign investment. There are various players in apparel segment in terms of lifestyle format. The study is aimed to find out impact of visual merchandising on the buying behavior of the customers visiting "Central Malls". Four dimensions of visual merchandising viz. window display, in-store form/mannequin display, floor merchandising and promotional signage are studied and results reveal as to why visual merchandising is important for strategic marketing decisions to increase the sales of the stores. The study also reveals the dimensions of visual merchandising that are important and increase impulse buying of the consumers visiting the stores.

The impact of the management theories in journalism is interesting when analyzing the economic factors and their influence on the media sector. In the case study of the centenary Spanish journal ABC, we study the utility of the management theories in the process of "reinvention" by this Spanish press doyen on embracing the Broadband Society to lead the conservative ideology market. The theories of the scientific management (Taylor), the human relations management (Mayo and Parket Follett) and the classical current management (Fayol) schools are applied by the company to convert ABC into a broadcasting platform knowledge factory through systematic innovation (Drucker) and a focus on global marketing as a way to understand the company. With a strong customer oriented policy and having defined the satisfaction index expected from the audience (Levitt), through a strategic monitoring tool (Brand Position Valuator), the management of ABC put into practice opportunities analysis (Kotlet) and applied Porter's competitive strategy models.

It seems that quite often we don’t even get a chance to ask ourselves that question before a purchase makes its way into our shopping trolley.  The urge to posses can be an unexpected, sudden and exciting force, very much tied with emotions, expectations and promises of instant albeit fleeting gratification.  The contemporary market place is a 24-hour jungle where shoppers can indulge their impulses in the hunt for goods and services not only in vast shopping malls but also from the comfort of their living rooms.  Many marketing efforts today aim to make shopping an effortless activity that doesn’t require a significant resource investment.  Actually many of them don’t even require us to think much- we just have to want something. As marketing techniques geared towards low consumer involvement became more prevalent so does the incidence of impulse buying.  It’s a self-perpetuating cycle where the consumer is successfully lured by a marketing expert and in return entices the marketing expert to invent more novel ways of encouraging spontaneous, deeply hedonistic purchases. Given the right mix of marketing elements and high limit credit cards, a customer can be made to buy almost anything on impulse.  But is marketing creating or merely exploiting an already existing, innate urge to buy?

“It’s the feeling of I want that, and by God I’m gonna get it!”
– female 48 describing a dress (Rook, 1987 p.193).

Apparel industry in India is booming and there is fierce competition among various players in apparel segment in terms of lifestyle format. The study is aimed to find out impact of various dimensions of visual merchandising on impulse buying behavior of the customers visiting "Central Malls". Four dimensions of visual merchandising viz. window display, in-store form/mannequin display, floor merchandising and promotional signage are studied and its impact on impulse buying behavior is found out. The results reveal that certain dimensions of visual merchandising do affect impulse purchase. Hence, visual merchandising is important for strategic marketing decisions to increase the sales of the stores.

This research exposes the technique used by Nestlé S.A. to improve its communication process as a brand to the client through the application of Trade Marketing concepts, executed through gamification.
The theoretical framework of this work starts, first, from the definition of gamification to focus, secondly, on the definition of Trade Marketing; thirdly, the game system created –a result from the process of gamification- is discussed, exposing the basic pillars that encompass the game. The methodology presents a qualitative approach and a descriptive scope; the research design is non-experimental. For the study the resulting game was used, and its creation process using the elements and characteristics of gamification as a mechanism to transfer the needs of the brand. The results obtained through the execution of the game by offering it to the players who would be responsible for assimilating Trademark processes of the brand, the amount of the sales was used prior to the experience obtained by the game and subsequent result when exposed to the game. The conclusions are based mainly on the results of the fourth specific objective, which determines the correspondence to the increase or decrement of the sales when using the gamification strategy in its Trade Marketing protocols. The main conclusion of this undergraduate work is to demonstrate that gamification as an element of Marketing and Advertising can improve and streamline training processes or motivate the dynamics of personnel in certain activities. It was discovered that effectively receiving the motivation and speeding the learning process to something playful, the operational result is much higher and as a result sales increase.
Keywords: Trade Marketing; gamification; motivation; Training and motivation

More recently, terms like ‘avatars’ and the phenomenon of fanatical conspicuous consumption, or anti-branding movements opens up thinking towards other religious belief systems, eastern perspectives and politics linked to brands. This paper presents case examples, whilst sharing philosophical concepts – of relevance to academics and practitioners.

telp:+62 83 11 98 39 805 Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Udayana (Unud), Bali, Indonesia ABSTRAK Bisnis ritel pada saat ini berkembang begitu pesat. Omset penjualan yang didapat peritel dapat bersumber dari pembelian tidak terencana atau impulse buying. Impulse buying dapat terjadi akibat pengaruh stimulus di tempat belanja yang berupa rangsangan eksternal. Penelitian ini berfokus pada pengaruh rangsangan eksternal berupa merchandising, promosi dan atmosfir toko terhadap impulse buying pelanggan Tiara Dewata Supermarket Denpasar. Purposive sampling digunakan untuk teknik sampling yang mengambil 114 responden dan analisis regresi linier berganda sebagai teknik analisis data. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa merchandising, promosi dan atmosfir toko berpengaruh signifikan secara simultan dan berpengaruh positif signifikan secara parsial terhadap impulse buying. Pihak manajemen disarankan untuk terus mempertahankan dan meningkatkan kegiatan merchandising, promosi dan atmosfir toko yang telah dilakukan agar dapat bertahan dalam persaingan yang ketat. Kata kunci : Merchandising, promosi, atmosfir toko dan impulse buying.

Nystrom (1990) described high tech markets as marketing dependent and technologically driven. Unfortunately, there is evidence that this linkage is not often recognized by organizations (Gupta, Ray and Wilemon 1985). High tech markets are characterized as complex. In addition, they exist under rapidly changing technological conditions which lead to shorter life cycles (Davidow 1986) and the need for rapid decisions (Bridges, Coughlan, and Kalish 1991). The importance of speed in high tech markets is driven by increasing competition and the continually evolving expectations of customers (Doyle and Saunders 1985). All of this is compounded by higher levels of risk for both the customer and the producer.
As a result of these dynamic market conditions high tech companies frequently rely on a product focus (Dugal and Schroeder 1995, Marcus and Segal 1989) driven by innovations in technology rather than by the needs of the customer. This failure to incorporate a customer focus is often compounded by an absence of attention to the critical role which the diffusion of innovation plays in successful product launch.
As illustrated by the three cases presented in this paper, the outcome of a product focus is often a product launch which does not live up to its technological promise. The launch of Philips’ CD-I, Apple’s Newton, and Sony’s BetaMax, illustrate the critical role which the diffusion of innovation process plays in successful high tech product offerings. In each case, the companies rushed their products to market and failed to combine a customer focus with an understanding of the diffusion process.
These examples provide specific lessons for managers today that can be used to insure that managers achieve the right blend of market and technology. First, rethink the first to market mentality. Is it really imperative to be first in the market? If it is not, attention should be placed on perfecting the value package and taking this opportunity to develop a "complete product" for the consumer. While some innovators rush to try the first product on the market, your company can be improving the performance of the product and improving the marketing mix. When introduced, your product will fulfill the promises made during development. Second, though a common phenomenon, managers should not fall into the trap of assuming that customers are useless in the product development process and skip marketing research. Developing successful high tech products requires working closely with customer to identify their problems so that technologies can be identified which provide solutions. Third, target the market carefully by identifying an accurate profile of consumersconsumers most likely to purchase this product. Knowledge of the adopter categories can be useful in determining the most viable market segment. Fourth, take advantage of the role that innovators and early adopters in socialization of the product. Satisfying these two groups can greatly affect whether a product receives positive or negative word of mouth. And finally, rethink the target market as the product progresses through adoption. Just as the product changes over the course of its life so too will the appropriate market. Readjust the description of the target market and pay close attention to the differences in the groups. For example, innovators and early adopters may be excited about a "new" product but early and late majority will want reassurances that risk is minimal and the product will do what is promised (Rogers 1962).
The marketing concept is intuitively appealing, and there is ample evidence of the critical role it can play in product acceptance. However, Philips’ handling of CD-I, Apple’s of the Newton, and Sony’s experiences with BetaMax are reminders of the difficulties in implementing a customer focus when a firm has become technologically obsessed. While being technologically driven is essential, managers must remember whose perceptions of superiority ultimately lead to product success. It is imperative that the customer deems the product "superior".

RMG (Ready Made Garment is very important and helpful for our Bangladesh. Bangladesh has emerged as a key player in RMG (Ready Made Garment) sector since 1978. Textiles and clothing account for about 85% of total export earnings of Bangladesh. Out of which, 75% comes from the apparel sector which covers the major products of knit and woven shirts, blouses, trousers, skirts, shorts, jackets, sweaters, sports wears and many more casual and fashion items. The sector currently employs approximately 1.5+ million workers, mostly females from underprivileged social classes. I have completed this report on the basis of all the department of RMG sector such as Merchandising Department, Commercial Department, Production Department, Supply Chain Department, Human Resource Department, Compliance Department, MIS Department, and relevant organization like BGMEA, BKMEA, Export Promotion Buru, Yarn suppliers, Chittagong Port, Insurance Company, Shipping Company. So by completing this report I get overall idea about RMG sector, so its carry more value than any books. I preferred this attachment in Opex and Sinha Textile Group, which is a 100% export oriented composite knit industry. For continuing the study of internship in the BEXIMCO Group we almost worked all the sections of this company and tried to find out the activities, planning and many other things as well. In context, we have discussed about these things deliberately to let you know about.  Objectives: Objective means the purpose of this report.

Il bookshop museale, fin dalle sue origini, è stato il luogo ideale per concretizzare in modo piacevole e di qualità l'esperienza della visita al museo, contribuendo alla definizione del gradimento degli utenti, alla promozione dell'immagine del museo e della conoscenza delle sue collezioni, oltre a garantire sostegno economico alle sue attività. Dopo un breve excursus sulla storia del bookshop, sviluppatasi di pari passo con quella del concetto di souvenir, è stato preso in esame il caso specifico dei bookshop dei Musei in Comune di Roma, gestiti da Zètema Progetto Cultura; una rete di musei e luoghi della cultura molto diversi tra loro, con tutte le problematiche che questo comporta a livello gestionale e commerciale. Dopo aver individuato una serie di indicatori di qualità per definire un bookshop veramente efficace e ben progettato, sono stati svolti dei sopralluoghi in tutti i musei del circuito per rilevare punti di forza e di debolezza di ciascuno di essi, e sono state compilate delle schede per evidenziare quali siano i margini di miglioramento del servizio. Tra le maggiori difficoltà rilevate, si nota soprattutto la mancanza di visibilità dei punti vendita e le effettive difficoltà, specialmente dal punto di vista logistico date le limitazioni nella gestione degli spazi in concessione, nell'allestimento di un punto venduta efficiente, invogliante all'acquisto ed esteticamente piacevole, che valorizzi il museo e i prodotti esposti. Tra le prospettive di miglioramento, oltre alla futura necessità di ripensare gli spazi fisici dedicati alla vendita, è stata individuata, in seguito alla presa in esame della situazione attuale del servizio vendita online dei prodotti dei Musei In Comune sul sito web dedicato www.museiincomuneroma.it, la necessità di una maggior presenza online dei bookshop e dei loro prodotti, sull'esempio di alcune grandi realtà museali nazionali e internazionali. Dall'analisi delle abitudini di acquisto dei consumatori negli ultimi anni, si è potuto verificare, infatti, come l'abitudine ad acquistare ma soprattutto ad informarsi online prima di un qualunque acquisto siano ormai un dato imprescindibile da prendere in considerazione per ogni attività commerciale che voglia essere sul mercato. Il bookshop museale non fa differenza rispetto alle altre tipologie di punto vendita, anzi può avere addirittura un maggior giovamento dalla presenza online a causa del particolare tipo di clientela che li frequenta (molto spesso non residenti e turisti). Purtroppo, si è registrato come, in Italia, la presenza di un vero servizio di vendita online sia una realtà solamente in pochissimi musei, per lo più gestiti da fondazioni private o organizzati in reti, per via degli alti costi di gestione di un servizio e-commerce in termini soprattutto di strutture e personale dedicato, raramente sostenibili da musei a gestione statale o, come nel caso preso in esame, comunale. È stata inoltre analizzata una tipologia alternativa di presenza online dei bookshop museali e dei loro prodotti, ovvero quella del catalogo online, liberamente consultabile e scaricabile e dal quale è possibile effettuare ordini e ricevere comodamente a casa i prodotti, sistema che presenta numerosi vantaggi dal punto di vista della facilità di gestione e dei minori oneri finanziari. In base a questo assunto, tramite una campagna fotografica di tutti i prodotti realizzati da Zètema Progetto Cultura per i Musei in Comune e di una selezione di altri prodotti disponibili per la vendita nei bookshop, è stato realizzato un listino prodotti che sarà disponibile sia in formato cartaceo, per essere utilizzato e distribuito in occasione di fiere e incontri con fornitori e professionisti del settore, sia in formato PDF, per essere caricato sul sito e permettere una visione d'insieme e dare la possibilità a tutti gli utenti di visionare in modo semplice e veloce l'assortimento dei bookshop dei Musei in Comune, con la possibilità di effettuare degli ordini sia per quanto riguarda i prodotti editoriali, sia (cosa finora mai realizzata) del merchandising.

In an era where technology prevails, entrepreneurs as well as marketers see the need to keep up with the fast pace of change or risk being outdated. Gone are the days when a pure-bricks business model will thrive well in current market scenario. It is practically impossible to design a marketing strategy without considering social networks. Social media had become really important gradient in today’s marketing mix in general and in promotion mix in particular. Adapting some form of marketing online through social media is a key node for all businesses, especially in an industry where trends constantly change such as fashion and handicrafts. The paper carries out empirical research to understand the effectiveness of social media as a marketing tool and an effort has been made to analyze the extent social media helps consumers in buying decision making. In addition strategies have been suggested for maximizing the effectiveness. Various statistical tests have been applied to support the research hypothesis.

Manajemen persediaan adalah kegiatan yang berhubungan dengan perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan pengawasan penentuan kebutuhan material/barang lainnya sehingga di satu pihak kebutuhan operasi dapat dipenuhi pada waktunya dan di lain pihak investasi persediaan material/barang lainnya dapat ditekan secara optimal (Waluyo, 2011). Salah satu fungsi manajerial dalam operasi suatu perusahaan adalah pengendalian persediaan (inventory control) kerana kebijakan persediaan secarafisik akan berkaitan dengan investasi dalam aktiva lancar di satu sisi dan pelayanan kepadaa pelanggan di sisi lain. Pengaturan persediaan ini berpengaruh terhadap semua fungsi bisnis (operation, marketing, dan finance). Berkaitan dengan persediaan, terdapat konflik kepentingan di antara fungsi bisnis tersebut. Finance menghendaki tingkat persediaan yang tinggi marketing dan operasi menginginkan tingkat persediaan yang tinggi agar kebutuhan konsumen dan kebutuhan produksi dapat dipenuhi. Manajemen persediaan berusaha mencapai keseimbangan antara kekurangan dan kelebihan persediaan dalam suatu periode perencanaan yang mengandung risiko ketidakpastian. Manajemen persediaan melibatkan sejumlah kegiatan koordinasi antara persediaan dan produksi serta kegiatan konsumsi pada sejumlah tahapan proses dan lokasi yang berhubungan. Manajemen persediaan merupakan salah satu materi yang sangat terkait dengan tujuan manajemen operasi, yaitu meminimalkan total biaya dan meningkatkan service level. Hal tersebut dikarenakan, dengan mengelola persediaan yang tepat, perusaahaan akan meraih keduanya sekaligus. Jika rata-rata level persediaan dapat diturunkan, secara tidak langsung salah satu komponen biaya produk dapat ditekan, yang berujung pada peningkatan margin keuntungan. Satu aspek lainnyayang dapat dicapai dengan pengelolaan persediaan yang tepat adalah service level kepada pelanggan meningkat atau minimal tidak menurun.

A short term of basic accessories is given below: Button: A button is a small disc, typically round, object usually attached to an article of clothing in order to secure an opening, or for ornamentation. Zipper: A zipper or (zip fastener) is a popular device for temporarily joining two edges of fabric. It is used in clothing (e.g. jackets and jeans), luggage and other bags, sporting goods, camping gear (e.g., tents and sleeping bags), and other daily use items. Lining: Lining is one kind of trimmings which is used underside of garments and use in next to skin. Interlining: Interlining is a layer of flannel fabric sewn in between the face fabric and the standard lining. Interlining provides insulation and also adds a luxurious weight and softness, improves the drape of the fabric, and protects fragile fabrics. It is a popular choice with silk draperies. Garment Pattern: The individual par of a garment which is shaped by hard paper is called pattern. Working Pattern: The patterns set which is used for sample making are called Working Pattern. Marker: Marker is a large thin paper which contains shape of required pattern pieces or a particular style of garments. Fabric Spreading: Spreading means smooth lying out of fabrics as per marker length and width. Fabric Cutting: Cutting is the process by which we can cut fabrics as per marker dimension with the

1. El concepto de Merchandising y el Vitrinismo 2. Coherencia entre vitrinismo y Publicidad. 3. El Posicionamiento, la Publicidad y el Vitrinismo. 4. Introducción al vitrinismo 5. La Vitrina y el arte teatral 1. El concepto de Merchandising y el Vitrinismo.

La masificación del anime y el manga en Argentina impulsó -y fue posible gracias ala producción y comercialización a gran escala de objetos relacionados con ellos. Nos proponemos indagar las motivaciones que llevan a los aficionados de estas series a comprar, intercambiar y apropiarse de objetos de merchandising, y la relación que establecen con ellos. Nuestra metodología se basó en el trabajo de
campo etnográfico (observación participante y entrevistas), complementado con técnicas de la etnografía virtual. Afirmamos que los aficionados establecen una relación particular con estos objetos de consumo, que se desprende de su valoración simbólica de los mismos.

TEXTBOOK in Bulgarian for BA students at NBU, covering topics on retail product, brand and merchendising strategy and tactics, as well as successful practicies from various categories are introduced to illustrate the history, approaches and tendencies in the retailing around the world (by Lidl, IKEA, Benetton, Tesco, Walmart, Decathlon and some other giants in the industry).

This thesis examines the shifting relationship between the state and its subjects with regard to responsibility for and entitlement to care. Using Malaysia as a case study the research engages with international medical travel (IMT) as an outcome of the neoliberal retrenchment of the welfare state. I offer a critical reading of postcolonial development strategies that negotiate the benefits and challenges of extending care to non-national subjects.

In the age of the “transmediagesamtkunstwerk” – that is, a “total work of art” in which we no longer have one single work that concentrates a variety of media, but rather a work that finds expression through multiple media –  the concept of kyara has become a key aesthetic strategy within Japanese popular culture (manga, anime, computer games, novels, pop music). I will address its relationship with the “total work of art” in three steps: the kyara-moé (consumption of characters) as a binding element in multimedia projects; merchandise as commoditization of the idea of "total building"; and fan labor (derivative work created by fans) as hypothetical 12th art, seeking a redefinition of "totality” in the context of late modernity. I will briefly discuss some case studies from Japanese popular culture and contemporary art: the Neon Genesis Evangelion franchise and works by artists associated with the Superflat movement, namely, Takashi Murakami and Yoshitomo Nara.

The term ‘Halal’ is becoming more visible: as an ingredient brand, a label and as a seal of approval. However, it is debatable whether current branding approaches encapsulate the full nature and spirit of what Halal is and means. The implications being that concepts of Halal will be changed and even eroded – affecting Muslims, brands and businesses.