Mass Comunication

This study examines whether and how public media systems contribute to the health of democracies in 33 countries in Europe, Africa, Asia, North America, the Middle East, Latin America, and South America. We gather national economic data and public media funding levels, audience shares, and regulatory data, primarily for 2018 and 2019 but in some cases earlier, due to lack of available data. We then assess correlations with strength of democracy indices and extend Hallin and Mancini's typology of North American and European media systems through hierarchical cluster analysis of these 33 countries. We find five models of public media systems around the world, ranging from "state-administered" systems with low levels of independence (Botswana and Tunisia) to systems aligning with Hallin and Mancini's "Democratic Corporatist" model, with strong and secure (multiyear) funding, large audience shares, and strong regulatory protection for their independence. In between, we identify three mixed models: a "Liberal-Pluralist" model, a "Direct Funding" model, and a "Commercial-Public" model. Correlations and cluster analyses show that high levels of secure funding for public media systems and strong structural protections for the political and economic independence of those systems are consistently and positively correlated with healthy democracies.

A relação entre a política e a mídia sempre foi muito intensa. E, ao que tudo indica, a tensão entre ambos será cada vez maior, uma vez que a mídia ocupa um espaço mais significativo e passa a exercer um papel protagonista neste processo, ou seja, a mídia passa a tecer decisões e criar sentidos que perpassam a sociedade, deixando de ser apenas enunciadora dos acontecimentos. Com isso, o poder político (e seus atores) entra em crise, pois precisam se adequar aos modos de saber, de ser e de fazer do universo midiático. Nesse contexto, em 2010, uma candidata à Presidência da República, que tem o apoio especial do presidente Lula, aparece como um elemento de afirmação da mulher no lugar de disputa pelo poder.
O objetivo não é refletir sobre a qualidade do que está sendo representado pela mídia, e sim desvendar os processos simbólicos de representação, aquilo que está sendo criado, reelaborado, reaproveitado. Assim, desvendamos as “operações de sentido” colocadas em prática pelos jornais analisados.
No posfácio é feita uma breve leitura do momento que antecede as eleições de 2014, buscando relações com a eleição anterior e atualizando as representações de Dilma Rousseff para 2014.
Este livro é resultado da tese de doutoramento defendida na Unisinos, intitulada “Dilma Rousseff como candidata à presidência: estratégias midiáticas de Zero Hora (RS) e Folha de S. Paulo (RS)”.

English: In Menderes Akdağ's book, we witness the historical and metaphorical development of communication tools in the process ranging from the discovering of fire to firearms and from there to today's mass media contents.
Communication is a versatile field of science. Communication sciences examine the multidimensional relations in society on a plane ranging from literature to sports, digital culture to art, politics to engineering, religion to law, and enables us to perceive this in historical flow.
With his interdisciplinary background, Menderes Akdağ enables us to understand how the political and social values ​​developed by humanity are shaped, which tools (media) they have developed, the mental structures of these formations and their indicators in this journey. This book takes us into history of communication.

That book with contact history of communication, especially movies based on their experience on political communication, as well as assesses with reflections on Turkey's private advertising and the provision of the social dimension of the main areas of communication studies, such as interpersonal communication and worldwide communication.
In the book, readers will find an analytical flow rather than a chronological flow, discover analytical connections such as politics and cinema, technology and philosophy, religion and economy, and thus develop a multi-dimensional thinking skill. Akdağ particularly emphasizes the fire and gun metaphor in his book. This is because fire is the driving force of civilization.
With the invention of fire, iron was melted and thus modern architecture was developed, the castles of the Middle Ages were destroyed with the invention of firearms, and the modern world was fictionalized with the development of media systems, and thus the development of sovereignty. The history of communication, in a way, is an effort to understand what kind of a development line the fact of using such tools as a struggle for domination reveals a development line in the historical process.
With the information he conveys in his book, the conceptual maps he draws, the original visuals he uses, the examples he gives from the films, and the comparisons he makes, Akdağ makes the reading process of the book qualified and helps us to draw parallels between the past and the present. The plain language used by the book also help us to understanding of the essence of very complex historical relations.

Turkish: Menderes Akdağ’ın kitabında ateşin bulunmasından ateşli silahlara ve oradan günümüzün ateşli medya içeriklerine uzanan süreçte iletişim araçlarının tarihsel ve metaforik gelişimine tanık oluyoruz. İletişim çok yönlü bir bilim alanıdır. İletişim bilimleri, edebiyattan spora, dijital kültürden sanata, siyasetten mühendisliğe, dinden hukuka uzanan bir düzlemde toplumdaki çok boyutlu ilişkileri inceler ve bunu da tarihsel akış içinde algılamamızı sağlar.
Disiplinler arası birikimiyle Menderes Akdağ, bizi iletişim tarihine çıkardığı bu yolculukta insanlığın geliştirdiği politik ve toplumsal değerlerin nasıl şekillendiğini, hangi araçları (medium) geliştirdiğini, bu oluşumların zihinsel yapılarını ve bunların göstergelerini anlamamızı sağlıyor. İletişim tarihini konu edinen kitap, özellikle siyasal iletişim konusundaki birikimlerine dayanarak sinema, reklam ve kişilerarası iletişim gibi iletişim çalışmalarının ana alanlarının toplumsal boyuttaki karşılıklarını hem dünya genelinde hem de Türkiye özelindeki yansımalarıyla birlikte değerlendiriyor.
Kitapta okurlar, kronolojik bir akıştan çok analitik bir akış bulacak, siyasetle sinema, teknoloji ile felsefe, dinle ekonomi gibi analitik bağlantıları keşfedecek ve böylelikle çok boyutlu bir düşünme becerisi geliştirebilecek. Akdağ, kitabında ateş ve silah metaforunu özellikle vurgulamaktadır. Bunun sebebi ateşin medeniyetin itici gücünü oluşturmasındandır.
Ateşin icadıyla birlikte demir eritilmiş ve böylelikle modern mimari gelişebilmiş, ateşli silahların icadıyla ortaçağın kaleleri yıkılmış ve medya sistemlerinin gelişmesi ile de modern dünya kurgulanabilmiş ve böylelikle egemenlik anlayışlarının gelişmesi söz konusu olmuştur. İletişim tarihi, bir bakıma bu tip araçların birer egemenlik mücadelesi olarak kullanılması gerçeğinin tarihsel süreçte nasıl bir gelişim çizgisi ortaya koyduğunu anlama çabasıdır. Akdağ, kitabında aktardığı bilgiler, çizdiği kavramsal haritalar, kullandığı özgün görseller, filmlerden verdiği örnekler ve yaptığı karşılaştırmalarla kitabın okuma seyrini nitelikli hale getirirken geçmişle günümüz arasında paralellikler kurmamıza da yardımcı oluyor. Kitabın kullandığı sade dil de çok karmaşık olan tarihsel ilişkilerin özünü anlamamıza aracılık ediyor.

A common practice uses funny and cute internet memes to describe natural hazards, such as hurricanes, to the general public. Emergency managers create an industry lacking credibility and seriousness when they use unrealistic and comedic scenarios to describe disasters. If people believe that hurricanes are cute and funny, they will not understand their risk and therefore will not prepare adequately.

Technological advancement has mandated many elected representatives to use social media for socio-political participation, participatory development, and currently to create awareness about COVID-19. Examining the social media usage experiences of elected women Panchayati Raj representatives during the COVID-19 pandemic reveals insights into their efforts towards creating awareness on COVID-19, ease of communication during the pandemic, increased involvement in developmental issues, and the challenges faced by them. The qualitative data that emerged from the in-depth interview are analyzed using Braun and Clarke's (2006) thematic analysis method. The participants experienced instances of positive outcomes, overcoming the limitations caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and fighting against it. The elected representative become more accountable and sensitive to the development issues arising in their constituency and look for ingenious ways to solve them. Apart from the administrative and Panchayat related activities, social media platforms are also used to extend help and services to the poor and disadvantaged sections of the society during this difficult time. Critical development issues such as water and environment protection are also dealt with effectively through social media platforms.

La infancia, la comunicación y la educación han sido protagonistas en las agendas de la política pública durante las dos últimas décadas en la mayoría de países del mundo. También han sido objetos de estudio centrales en disciplinas como la sociología, la psicología, la antropología y la pedagogía. Recientemente han sido incorporados a campos de investigación de carácter interdisciplinario como los estudios culturales, los estudios de la comunicación, los estudios sobre la infancia y las neurociencias. Finalmente, tanto entidades del Estado como organismos multilaterales y corporaciones transnacionales, motivados por distintos intereses, han expresado que los tres, si son estimulados y potencializados, podrán favorecer el desarrollo y el progreso de las sociedades.

Esta mirada preliminar permite evidenciar que existe una preocupación creciente por estos temas y sus transformaciones. Asimismo, se puede deducir que hacen parte de un núcleo de inquietudes fundamentales en torno a la capacidad de las instituciones y la sociedad civil para responder a las nuevas expresiones de los sujetos en el ámbito cultural. Frente a estos desafíos y las posibles relaciones entre los tres conceptos, surgen frecuentemente dosposiciones: sorpresa ante la novedad o preocupación ante la crisis.

"Diversidad cultural, narrativas y representaciones sociales. Hacia un estudio de la TV abierta en Uruguay.


L. Nicolás Guigou, p. 19.


Resumen, p. 21.


1. Introducción, p. 21.
2. Los quehaceres mediáticos, p. 22.
3. Mirar la Televisión, p. 23.
4. Narrando la (in) seguridad, p. 25.
5. Comenzando el montaje: los guardaespaldas en la TV, p. 26.
6. Los niños asaltantes, p. 31.
7. El barrio Marconi, p. 32.
8. La televisión y la construcción del Otro: a modo de conclusión, p. 35.
Bibliografía, p. 37.


Resumen
Indagamos las narrativas y representaciones sociales sobre la seguridad pública y la ciudadanía presentes en la Televisión abierta uruguaya. A través de la subsunción de la diversidad cultural a la figura de un Otro-enemigo, la Televisión abierta, en tanto superficie de inscripción, resume performáticamente la fascinación tanática del límite de ese frágil “nosotros-ciudadanos” en relación a una alteridad monstruosa y radical.
Dicha alteridad radical (u Otro-enemigo), se expresa a través de un estilo de montaje específico del espacio discursivo televisivo que este artículo trata de analizar y desnaturalizar mediante la elaboración de –precisamente- un montaje etnográfico de corte benjaminiano.
Asimismo, este trabajo discute la pertinencia de un enfoque crítico sobre la televisión que atienda lecturas más allá de la supuesta pasividad o la infinita resignificación de un posible “televidente-ideal”, considerando la sofisticación de los contemporáneos dispositivos de captura del medio de comunicación abordado."

This article seeks to identify the contribution of other disciplines in the work of the account planner in the development of advertising communication strategies, and attempts to answer the question: what sources of knowledge influence the way of thinking of the advertising account planner? For the above, qualitative research of exploratory kind is proposed, in which a bibliographic trace of in-depth interviews to 21 account planners is done in the cities of Bogota, Medellin and Cali. One of the most significant findings is the relevance of account planners undertaking postgraduate studies that allow them to access knowledge from other disciplines so that they can holistically understand the consumer. It was found that this highly creative advertising professional emerged in Colombia empirically, and only from 2006, it is being worked on the construction of the respective epistemology. [es] El pensamiento estratégico en la publicidad. Una perspectiva multidisciplinar Resumen: el presente artículo busca identificar el aporte de otras disciplinas en el trabajo del planificador de cuentas en el desarrollo de estrategias de comunicación publicitaria, e intenta dar respuesta a la pregunta: ¿qué fuentes de conocimiento influyen en la forma de pensar del planificador de cuentas publicitario? Para lo anterior, se plantea una investigación cualitativa de corte exploratorio, en donde de hace un rastreo bibliográfico entrevistas en profundidad a 21 planificadores de cuentas de las ciudades de Bogotá, Medellín y Cali. Uno de los hallazgos más significativos es la pertinencia de que los planificadores de cuentas realicen estudios de posgrado que les permitan acceder a conocimientos de otras disciplinas, para que puedan comprender al consumidor de una forma holística. Se encontró que este profesional de la publicidad, altamente creativo, surgió en Colombia de forma empírica, y solo desde el año 2006 se está trabajando en la construcción de la respectiva epistemología. Palabras clave: planificador de cuentas; estrategia; interdisciplinariedad; publicidad. Index: 1. Introduction. 2. The legacy of the strategist to the account planner. 2.1. The advertising strategy. 2.2. Planning account in advertising. 2.3. The interdisciplinarity. 2.4. From insight to consumer insight. 2.5. Neuroscience and its relation to advertising. 2.5.1. Neuroscience. 2.6. Strategic thinking, branding and its relationship with the human brain. 2.7. Neuroscience and advertising. 3. Methodology. 4. Analysis of the findings. 4.1. Use of the term advertising strategy. 4.2. Ability to inspire. 4.3. As for the planner, the formats and the interdisciplinarity. 5. Conclusions. 6. Acknowledgements. 7. References

En la actualidad, el profesional de la comunicación social, en respuesta a los requerimientos de las empresas y medios de comunicación públicos y privados, necesita prepararse para contribuir al desarrollo interno y externo de las organizaciones. Las empresas de comunicación requieren profesionales que posean el dominio del lenguaje y otras formas de comunicación para producir materiales informativos para los medios. En esta obra veremos de manera sucinta en el primer capítulo la historia de la comunicación social y el periodismo. En el segundo capítulo veremos la redacción y los géneros periodísticos existentes. Para el tercer capítulo estudiaremos la radio, su desarrollo y la
actualidad. En el cuarto capítulo analizaremos la televisión como elemento fundamental comunicativo. El quinto capítulo será para el periodismo digital y sus tendencias. En el sexto capítulo estudiaremos la comunicación organizacional y las relaciones públicas. El séptimo y último capítulo será para la investigación en comunicación.

This Impact Report identifies and summarises the diverse impacts, resulting from the £500m of UK funding of Science and Technology in 2013, using numerous quantitative metrics and short case study extracts.  It shows how the varied impacts of a national science and technology organization and its many funded programmes can be annually identified, captured, tracked, and summarised in a public document.

The report was produced for, and by, the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) -  the UK Research Council responsible for funding: (1) all UK astronomy, particle and nuclear physics research, (2) related UK science and technology facilities (e.g. as Harwell and Daresbury), (3) the UK contribution to international science (e.g. CERN, international telescopes and space missions), (4) innovation and business spin-off programmes, and (5) UK public engagement activities.

The Report was co-researched and co-authored by the STFC Impact Team, including myself while Impact Evaluation Manager in 2013, with Dr. Claire Dougan-McCallie (lead author/Head of Impact) and Jenny Beard, with additional input from senior managers, and many data and case study contributions from other key managers across STFC.

Varied key impacts are identified and reported including:

• Research amongst the best (by citation impact) in astronomy, nuclear and particle physics.
• Supported research of 226 Principal Investigators in 70 universities, led to 1,100 peer-reviewed papers in 2012.
• Facilities (the Diamond Light Source, ISIS and CLF) were used in 2012/13 by over 4,200 unique users , in over 2,400 experiments, producing over 1,000 papers in peer-reviewed journals.

• Technology from CERN benefited the UK economy by over £100 billion every year.
• Funding the development of the UK’s space, internet and computer animation industries, returned over £500 billion to the UK economy per annum.
• Funded Innovation Campuses hosted over 230 enterprises and supported over 5,000 jobs.
• UK industry won £43 million in contracts from the international subscriptions funded, and had accumulated a total of £150 million since 2005.

• Funded research inspired future generations to study STEM subjects, attracting 90% of UK undergraduates to study physics, funded 782 PhD students  and 16,800 student training days.
• Between 2009 to 2012 public engagement programmes engaged people on 58 million occasions, with 2 million people engaged in face-to-face activities in 2013 alone.

No hay quinto poder sin Estado y sin decisión política. Esa es la hipótesis que atraviesa este libro y que me gustaría desarrollar. Pero para ello quisiera, en primer lugar, aclarar a qué me refiero cuando hablo de quinto poder y por qué esta categoría comenzó a surgir con fuerza en Argentina a partir de la discusión que se dio allá por 2009 cuando se impulsara la Ley de Servicios de Comunicación Audiovisual. La idea de “quinto poder” pertenece a Ignacio Ramonet y es una noción que viene desarrollando desde hace varios años pero que encuentra su última actualización en el libro La explosión del periodismo, publicado en 2011.
Sin embargo, en la postura del ex director de Le Monde haber una mirada demasiado optimista respecto a la posibilidad de las asociaciones de la sociedad civil y cierto recelo a las acciones impulsadas desde los gobiernos y los Estados. De hecho, esta propuesta de quinto poder que ya aparecía en aquellos inolvidables encuentros antiglobalización en Brasil, promovía la creación de un Observatorio de Medios como forma de controlar a la prensa tradicional, sin tomar en cuenta, por ejemplo, que sin la decisión política de avanzar en determinadas normativas desde el Estado, no alcanzaría con organizaciones de la sociedad civil pretendidamente independientes de los gobiernos.

It was also published in Arabic in: ‫الكامل‬ ‫فرج‬ ‫دكتور‬ : ‫االتصال‬ ‫وسائل‬ ‫تأثير‬-‫واالجتماعية‬ ‫النفسية‬ ‫األسس‬. ‫العربى‬ ‫الفكر‬ ‫دار‬ 5891 Website for more information on the model and methodology: https://elkamel.wordpress.com/ YouTube channel for professional model applications: https://www.youtube.com/Farag Elkamel

A teachers' manual to develop a critical understanding of communication and mass media through 95 lessons, 'Exercises in Media Education' is essential, systematic and fun. It wears its research and erudition lightly and strikes a blow at several ills. It fits well into schoolwork where this kind of stimulus could do lasting good but is usually absent. It provides a simple, hard-to-find framework for an understanding of the media, for study and discussion of the subject beyond the classroom and for that most important of requirements, responsible participation in the use of media. (Gerson da Cunha, Ex-Communication Executive in UNICEF) 
Publisher: Tej-prasarini, Don Bosco Communications, Matunga, Mumbai, India. 
Year: 1994/1999, Pages: 206,  ISBN 81-87060-10-7,
Email: <[email protected]>

Հայաստանում հանրային կապերի մասնագետի ընկալումը դեռ երկար ճանապարհ ունի անցնելու ու դա տեղի կունենա այն ժամանակ, երբ գործատուներն իրենք կարևորեն ռազմավարական երկարաժամկետ մոտեցումները նաև հաղորդակցության մեջ և պահանջեն այդ հմտություններով մասնագետների։

Աշխատանքի որոնման կայքերում ամենապահանջված մասնագետներից են հանրային կապերի մասնագետները, բայց յուրաքանյուր գործատու յուրովի է պատկերացնում այդ աշխատանքը։

Para hablar de la importancia de los medios de comunicación en la consolidación democrática, en las sociedades complejas, es necesario reconocer que la posibilidad de dar forma a la democracia es la representación por medio de procesos de elección y, dentro del proceso de elección, la información disponible ocupa un papel fundamental, pues a partir de ella los ciudadanos eligen a sus representantes, de ahí que los medios de comunicación sean un factor de poder en la definición de los resultados electorales. Es decir, al ser los medios de comunicación la vía para que los partidos políticos difundan sus plataformas electorales y se relacionen con los ciudadanos (votantes), por parte de las élites políticas surge la necesidad de apoyarse en los MC para ganar votos, al hacer llegar su oferta y propuesta de gobierno para alcanzar el bienestar social. Bajo esta lógica, en México se ha volcado la lucha electoral a los medios de comunicación y se ha generado una dependencia recíproca entre los partidos políticos y los medios de comunicación. Los políticos necesitan a los MC para darse a conocer y colocarse entre el electorado y los MC a los políticos y sus partidos como fuente de información y financiación.

The Students’ Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) is an accepted skills acquisition
programme which forms part of the approved academic standard in the degree programme for
Nigeria University.
In 1974, the federal government of Nigeria introduced the national policy on industrial training,
called the Students Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES).
This programmes is under the umbrella of the ministry of education through the industrial
training fund (ITF), was designed to help students acquire the necessary practical
education/experience in their field of study and other related professions.
This is an effort which was created on order to bridge the existing gap between the theory
taught in the classroom and practice of science, agriculture, medicine, engineering, technology
and other professional programmes in the Nigeria tertiary institution.
The programme was established basically to impact elaborate practical understanding to
students with respect to their various disciplines.
This report is a summary of the experience I acquired during my Students' Industrial Work
Experience Scheme (SIWES) in Amuludun 99.1 FM, Moniya, Ibadan. I served as an intern in the
News Department of the organization.

Propaganda is a mechanism of the information domain that attempts to shape and influence the cognitive domain concerning events and processes that are located in the physical domain. It is a very deliberate tool that is intended to mobilise public sentiment through creating an environment that is dominated by an emotional form of logic, often in a very binary ‘reality’ involving a series of radical opposites.
The use of rhetoric is an essential element in the application of propaganda within the setting of information warfare, which forms of the basis of the appeals and emotional conditioning. This application has been witnessed in the Syrian conflict from the very beginning, where the propaganda of aversion (Assad – “bad”) is contrasted against the propaganda of attraction (‘rebels’ – “good”). Ultimately this concerns the various audiences’ perceptions and opinions of the Syrian war and especially the intangible aspects of political legitimacy/illegitimacy. Seeming ‘small’ or ‘trivial’ details are in fact key to influencing and persuading an audience to think and act in a pre-determined manner.
This chapter will show the importance and relevance of the details that go into scripting the propagandistic narrative as a means of shaping the cognitive domain through distorted and manipulated material in the information domain, which in turn is used as a means to form public consent on a policy issue. Four newspapers have their content analysed in the first four days in the wake of an alleged chemical attack in Douma, Syria. This content was consistent in nature and followed a propaganda role where media acted as an instrument of war.

En este trabajo se presenta un análisis sobre los modelos de comunicación de la ciencia y la tecnología más utilizados y conocidos en Latinoamérica. En contraparte, se propone un modelo intercultural de comunicación de las ciencias, el cual pretende coadyuvar y vincular a los conocimientos que provienen de las prácticas científicas, con las que provienen de las comunidades que no son establecidas dentro de esta producción de conocimiento. La última parte propone a la comunicación de la ciencia y la tecnología como una herramienta que genere una genuina apropiación social de conocimiento y la innovación. Es importante analizar cómo debe plantearse una estrategia de una mejor y eficaz comunicación de la ciencia en el tiempo actual debido a que hoy se habla de la sociedad de la información y el conocimiento y paradójicamente los individuos en general viven un alto nivel de desinformación y cunde la superstición; amén de las campañas denominadas como la anticiencia que pretenden estigmatizar a la ciencia como perniciosa y contraria al bien común; ejemplo: aquellas vacunas son malignas y dañan más que beneficiar al individuo.

The emergence of social media is an innovation that came into existence to bridge the barrier of physical distance between family and friends. This study examines the Twitter ban in Nigeria: a metaphor for impediment on uses and gratification theory. The cross-sectional survey research design method was adopted for this study and an online structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The study population is 120 active social media users. The Stratified random sampling method was used. Using Krejcie Morgan's sample size determination, the sample size was 92 Twitter users. Data collected were analyzed using Simple Percentages as a statistical tool. The findings revealed that the Twitter ban in Nigeria is truly an impediment to the uses and gratification theory. Also, Nigerians depend largely on Twitter to gratify their everyday needs; but with this new law, there is a gap in the need gratification of Nigerians. Twitter is a social media platform designed for the public to freely express themselves while staying connected; it is therefore recommended that the Nigerian government should not overlook the actual purpose of the platform in a bid to create an impression. It is concluded that the Nigerian government should consider uplifting the Twitter ban in Nigeria as it is perceived to be an infringement on the fundamental human rights of Nigerians. The study contributed to knowledge by establishing that the Twitter Ban in Nigeria is contrasting the uses and gratification theory which states: "how people seek out and pick certain media to meet their requirements". The study was limited to Twitter Ban in Nigeria; further research work can go ahead to expand the scope to involve other banned social media platforms in other countries.

Seminario virtual de Doctorado 2022 en la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad de Buenos Aires: "La mediatización de la política contemporánea en las redes sociales".
Prof. Dra.: Ana Slimovich
Viernes de marzo de 2022 de 10 a 14 hs. 
Inscripción : hasta el 18 de febrero, inclusive.
La inscripción se cursa a través del formulario en línea disponible en http://www.sociales.uba.ar/posgrados/inscripcion-a-seminarios-de-doctorado.
Consultas: [email protected]

Il successo editoriale di Gomorra ha illuminato le dinamiche economiche e i rapporti sociali dell’area napoletana, ha incrementato l’attenzione mediatica sui traffici illegali della camorra e ha messo a rischio la vita dell’autore. Gomorra suggerisce numerosi spunti di riflessione che investono almeno tre ordini di problemi: il ruolo della letteratura nel mondo attuale; la possibilità di fare esperienza della realtà e di conoscerne le dinamiche più rilevanti ; il rapporto fra la scrittura letteraria e il sistema mediatico contemporaneo. Questa tesi, allora, intende studiare il testo in questione con l’ambizione di comprendere meglio in che modo, oggi, la letteratura possa cogliere la realtà e in che modo possa rapportarsi con i linguaggi dello spettacolo e della comunicazione di massa.

This class will look at the rapidly changing media landscape, with an emphasis on mass communication platforms and mediums, examining how the transformations unleashed by the digital age are impacting traditional media business models and mainstream media behaviors. We will explore market trends (including market and consumer data from the United States and elsewhere), as well as how media companies and policy makers are responding to changes in business and advertising/funding models, alongside changes in content consumption and creation. In doing this, students will be exposed to some of the recurring issues and themes which will underpin their wider graduate study in journalism and communication. You can find out more about this in the detailed class schedule outlined on the following pages.

Se realizó una investigación etnográfica en Ecatepec, municipio del Estado de México que conforma la zona conurbada de la Ciudad de México, a un grupo de adultos que están en proceso de alfabetización. La intención, a
parte de conocer el uso y consumo que hacen de la televisión, fue establecer la contribución del contenido televisivo en la percepción de su realidad social, qué tanto la lectura que hacen de las emisiones televisivas les
permiten desarrollar un sentido crítico y reflexivo para comprender su entorno, puesto que carecen de una formación escolar, son los medios de comunicación audiovisuales (radio, cine y televisión) a los que tienen acceso
y estos se han convertido en sus alfabetizadores. Sin embargo, ellos no han sido alfabetizados para hacer una recepción crítica de los medios en general y en particular de la televisión. En México la población analfabeta representa una proporción significativa, se estima, según datos del Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI), que el 6% de la población a nivel nacional no cuenta con educación de ningún tipo. Si tomamos en cuenta que de acuerdo con el Instituto Federal de Telecomunicaciones (IFT), los que más ven televisión son los sectores de menores recursos socio-económicos, tenemos que la gran mayoría de los televidentes son analfabetas funcionales que leen los contenidos audiovisuales con una nula formación intelectual y un espectro cultural limitado.

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى معرفة تصورات وتوقعات دارسي التصميم الجرافيكي عن سوق العمل وإلى معرفة العوامل والمؤثرات والمتغيرات التي قد تأخذ دوراً في تشكيل توقعات دارسي التصميم الجرافيكي عن سوق العمل وما إذا كانت التجارب المختلفة لانخراطهم في سوق العمل أثناء الدراسة أو قبلها قد تؤثر على قرارتهم في اختيارهم لنوع العمل الذي يفضلونه، وتسعى هذه الدراسة إلى الإجابة على ما هي أسباب تفضيل دارس التصميم الجرافيكي للعمل الحر او العمل المؤسسي، ويتمثل مجتمع البحث في الطلبة الدارسين للتصميم الجرافيكي في التعليم الجامعي وبالتحديد طلبة جامعة عجمان بالإمارات العربية المتحدة وبناءاً على ذلك تم اختيار العينة العمدية المتاحة بتقنية كرة الثلج ، وتم الحصول على عينة قوامها (50 مفردة) , واختلفت سمات العينة وخصائصها فشملت 60% إناث مقابل نسبة 40% ، واعتمد الباحث في جمع البيانات على استخدام الأسلوب الكمي وجمع البيانات من خلال توظيف أداة الاستبيان في شكلها الإلكتروني عن طريق google forms وتم نشر الاستبيان على WhatsApp groups الخاصة بطلاب التصميم الجرافيكي ، ومن أهم النتائج أوضحت الدراسة أن الأشخاص الذين انخرطوا في سوق العمل قبل الدراسة أو أثناءها لديهم رؤية أوضح لطموحاتهم الوظيفية وأدركوا ولو بشكل مبدئي ما إذا كانوا سيختارون العمل الحر أو العمل المؤسسي أو في تحديد توجهاتهم في سوق العمل بشكل عام وكشفت الدراسة أيضاً أن الرضا التام من دارس التصميم الجرافيكي عن تخصصه تعطيه رؤية أوضح لسقف طموحاته ولاكتساب المهارات بسلاسة دون المعاناة أو الإحساس بالإجبار.

The good news is that policy makers finally see the crisis in journalism as a policy problem and are considering various proposals. The bad news is that many of these well-meaning efforts would, ultimately, only serve to prop up failing commercial outlets rather than ease them toward a more sustainable, nonprofit future. Short-term measures that disproportionately benefit incumbent news organizations fail to heed a key point: in the digital era, most forms of local journalism are no longer commercially viable. As evidence of a systemic market failure becomes abundantly obvious, democratic societies must acknowledge that profit-driven media systems cannot provide for all of our information needs. Public options are paramount.

Tesi di laurea triennale in Comunicazione che analizza l'evoluzione del formato seriale e il suo legame con la società di massa.
Dal roman feuilleton fino alle attuali serie TV questa tesi indaga i diversi formati della serialità e la sua diffusione attraverso i mezzi di comunicazione di massa.
Ricerca principalmente di tipo bibliografico presenta nel suo ultimo capitolo, tuttavia, un'analisi particolare dell'evoluzione del feuilleton Il Profumo a serie TV.

An ethnographic investigation was carried out in the municipality of the state of Mexico in the suburbs area of Mexico City to a group of adults who are in the process of literacy. The intention, besides, to know the use and consumption that make of the television was to establish the contribution of the television content in the perception of its social reality, how much the reading that they make of the television broadcasts allow them to develop a sense Critical and reflective to understand their environment, since they lack a school education, are the audiovisual media (radio, film and television) to which they have access and these have become their literacy. However, they have not been literate to make a critical reception of the media in general and in particular television. In Mexico the illiterate population represents a significant proportion, it is estimated, according to data from the National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI) that 6% of the population at national level has no education of any kind. If we take into account that according to the Federal Telecommunications Institute (IFT), the ones who watch television the most are the sectors of lower socio-economic resources, we have that the vast majority of the viewers are illiterate functional who read the audiovisual content with a lack of intellectual training and a limited cultural spectrum.

Freedom of the press is not only a complementary to the human rights and popular democracy, also a cardinal principle that guarantees media public sphere that facilitates public discourse and vibrant flow of political communication. In many countries, freedom of press remains contentious issue as a number of journalists are inhumanly treated by dictatorial regimes in order to achieve conformity in their individual territories. Press freedom has become one of the major challenges of Journalism practice in the world. This research work critically explores the media freedom in Nigeria between 2015-2021. The study reveals that there are a lot of factors in Nigeria that impedes or militates against press freedom ranging from secrecy, legal pressure, direct censorship and force among others. Findings also reveal that Nigerian press freedom is a paradox and only exist on paper i.e. on constitution but not in practice. The research recommends that since press freedom is granted in the constitution of Nigeria, there should be statutory backup and in order not to hinder press freedom, journalist should be allowed to have access to government sources and records so long as it will not bring chaos to the society at

de ciencias sociales Revista Colombiana ISSN (en línea): 2216-1201 ISSN (en línea): 2216-1201 UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA LUIS AMIGÓ Presentación Sobre la verdad de la palabra On the Truth of the Word Lina Marcela Cadavid Ramírez Editorial: Importancia de la investigación psicosocial de la salud sexual y reproductiva Importance of the psychosocial research of sexual and reproductive health María Eugenia Gómez López ARTÍCULOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN El capitalismo tardío como economía política del goce. Aportes de la teoría social lacaniana para su análisis crítico Late capitalism as political economy of enjoyment. Contributions of the lacanian social theory for critical analysis Ana Belén Blanco, María Soledad Sánchez Currículo y enfoque pedagógico: imaginarios institucionales sobre docencia en una universidad pública en norte de santander Curriculum and teaching approach: institutional imaginaries on teaching in a public university in Norte de Santander Negligencia del padre: una práctica que puede llevar al embarazo adolescente Father's negligence: a practice that can lead to adolescent pregnancy Andrés Salazar-Arango, Viviana Carmenza Ávila-Navarrete, Claudia Bernal-Velásquez