Israel Studies, media studies, military sociology

Since 2005, asylum seekers from Africa have begun arriving in Israel at irregular intervals. This paper suggests that this phenomenon, which lies in contradiction to the policies of the Israeli ethnocratic regime, is tied both to the geopolitics of the region and to a discursive process of the racialization of space. Specifically, this paper offers a critical analysis of discourses and regimes of mobility in Israel and maps the changing discursive and institutional practices regarding the ongoing inflow of African asylum seekers. Framing the analysis within the growing body of knowledge of critical geopolitics facilitates conceptualization of this migration as a 'threat' that leads to the racialization of space.

The constant presence of cameras and social media has become a given during day-today military activities in Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territories. Such technologies shift the focus of warfare onto the individual, and in particular onto the faces of soldiers and Palestinians caught on camera. Due to the habitual use of mobile phones and social media by both soldiers and civilians, the face is singled out as a new battleground, where political action is substituted for individual responsibility. On one hand, the co-option of personal social media into armed conflict enables state actors to zero in on the faces and identities of Palestinian dissidents and alleged terrorists. On the other hand, the faces of Israeli soldiers are also captured and circulated on social media as digital images, posing a new threat to state authority, which depends on remaining faceless. Images of IDF soldiers' faces, once recorded and shared, figuratively strip off the improvised masks they often wear to hide their identity and preserve their impunity. In Israel and Palestine, where everyday social media habits have become inseparable from routines of security and armed conflict, the image of a soldier's face individualises his or her actions and demands accountability.