Internet services

The concept of energy-efficient networking has begun to spread in the past few years, gaining increasing popularity. Besides the widespread sensitivity to ecological issues, such interest also stems from economic needs, since both energy costs and electrical requirements of telcos' and Internet Service Providers' infrastructures around the world show a continuously growing trend. In this respect, a common opinion among networking researchers is that the sole introduction of low consumption silicon technologies may not be enough to effectively curb energy requirements. Thus, for disruptively boosting the network energy efficiency, these hardware enhancements must be integrated with ad-hoc mechanisms that explicitly manage energy saving, by exploiting network-specific features. This paper aims at providing a twofold contribution to green networking. At first, we explore current perspectives in power consumption for next generation networks. Secondly, we provide a detailed survey on emerging technologies, projects, and work-in-progress standards, which can be adopted in networks and related infrastructures in order to reduce their carbon footprint. The considered approaches range from energy saving techniques for networked hosts, to technologies and mechanisms for designing nextgeneration and energy-aware networks and networking equipment.

Today's Internet services are commonly built over TCP , the standard Internet connection-oriented reliable transport protocol. The endpoint naming scheme of TCP, based on network layer (IP) addresses, creates an implicit binding between a service and the IP address of a server providing it, throughout the lifetime of a client connection. This makes a TCP client prone to all adverse conditions that may affect the server endpoint or the internetwork in between, after the connection is established: congestion or failure in the network, server overloaded, failed or under DoS attack. Studies that quantify the effects of network stability and route availability demonstrate that connectivity failures can significantly impact Internet services. As a result, although highly available servers can be deployed, sustaining continuous service remains a problem.

Many people enjoy an Internet connection even at home. These private connections are becoming cheaper, faster and more stable resulting in more and more private PCs being connected at all times. A permanent Internet connection offers new possibilities for Internet services targeting the private home. But it also creates new risks for the household. The Internet is a new door into the house that can be exploited by hackers. They might learn about the behaviour of household members by eavesdropping on their Internet traffic or they can gain control over network nodes and access sensitive information in the house.

5G aren't just about significantly improving network connectivity. It's a next-generation mobile network that promises to be a game changer in the way we live. The true breakthrough of 5G is the capacity of up to 1,000 5G connected devices per person. It covers all 7 billion people worldwide. One of the great expectations for the future is that not only will all humans be connected to the Internet, but most items of our lives will also be connected. With 5G, coverage will be improved, capacity will be increased, latency will be reduced, and data speed will significantly improve. Future 5G solutions will outperform current 4G mobile networks in several ways. Significant improvements in device density, transfer speeds and latencies, and a 90% reduction in power consumption are just a few of the 5G goals. On the other hand, the harmful effects of frequency radiation have already been proven. Even before 5G was proposed, dozens of petitions and appeals by international scientists, including the Flyberger appeal signed by more than 3,000 doctors, stopped the expansion of wireless technology and made new base stations. Requested a moratorium. Negative microbiological effects have also been recorded. Government regulators will consider deploying 5G, especially with the additional infrastructure needed to expand their networks. 5G deployments need to address both standard and advanced cybersecurity threats. It is the responsibility of the carrier and network consortium to provide customers with digital safety nets, except that customer complacency can be an issue as well.

This paper explores patterns of adoption and use of information and communications technology (ICT) by small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) in the southwest London and Thames Valley region of England. The paper presents preliminary results of a survey of around 400 SMEs drawn from four economically significant sectors in the region: food processing, transport and logistics, media and Internet services. The main objectives of the study were to explore ICT adoption and use patterns by SMEs, to identify factors enabling or inhibiting the successful adoption and use of ICT, and to explore the effectiveness of government policy mechanisms at national and regional levels. While our main result indicates a generally favourable attitude to ICT amongst the SMEs surveyed, it also suggests a failure to recognise ICT’s strategic potential. A surprising result was the overwhelming ignorance of regional, national and European Union wide policy initiatives to support SMEs. This strikes at the...

As the number of Web users and the diversity of Web applications continues to explode, Web Quality of Service (QoS) is an increasingly critical issue in the domain of e-commerce. This paper presents experiments designed to estimate users' tolerance of QoS in the context of e-commerce. In addition to objective measures, we discuss contextual factors that influence these thresholds and show how users' conceptual models of Web tasks affect their expectations. We then show how user thresholds of tolerance can be taken into account when designing Web servers. This integration of user requirements for QoS into systems design is ultimately of benefit to all stakeholders in the design of Internet services.

Millions of Canadians residing in Canada's northern, isolated, rural, and remote communities do not have broadband Internet access. This situation has led to a national "broadband divide." That is, the deployment of wireline broadband is very limited in Canada's northern, isolated, rural, and remote areas because of the significant expense of installation and maintenance of the wired infrastructure needed to reach dwellings in these locations.

The essential difference between small businesses and large corporations is found in their corporate structure. Similarly, the inter-organizational systems (IOSs) formed between small businesses to support strategic alliances and community-like networks have different requirements and functions from those formed between large corporations. This paper discusses the differences between the IOSs created by small and large organisations and then considers the transformations enabled by the Internet. When small businesses form IOSs on the Internet, the links created are both multi-purpose and multi-faceted -these IOSs can be transaction-based or can be used to exchange knowledge and to conduct joint production and projects. A large group of standard Internet services is available for use to enable the interaction of members within an IOS and we next provide a framework showing the way in which different interorganizational relationships can be supported by using the Internet to enable competitive advantage. Finally, we consider the business drivers relevant to successful Internet alliance formation and analyse the strategy of building IOSs on the Internet.

Within developed countries, the penetration of cell phones and the Internet has risen in tandem and the point of market saturation has nearly been reached in both markets. In contrast, the African continent has been characterized by more uneven progress, with the penetration of cell phones (41% in 2010) considerably outpacing the penetration of the Internet (9.6%). The question is then raised as to whether cell phone and Internet adoption processes in Africa are different as compared to other regions. To address this question, we compare the determinants and hindrances of both Internet and cell phone use in Gabon, using household survey data. Our econometric results show that the primary factors stimulating Internet use consist of a high level of education and computer skills. As regards cell phone use, the main obstacles are economic. Finally, an individual's age has a positive impact on cell phone use and a negative impact on Internet use. The differences identified in both penetration and user profiles between Internet and cell phone service should motivate African governments to develop digital policies more heavily focused on a wider dissemination of cell phones in order to make innovative services and applications (e.g. in the field of health or education) available to as broad a population as possible.

In the excitement of the World Wide Web of hyperlinked multimedia spanning the globe, it's easy to lose sight of ordinary e-mail, which, like the Web, is built on the enabling infrastructure of the Internet. Yet the average person undoubtedly conducts more business by e-mail than by any other Internet service. Considering the importance and ubiquity of e-mail, it's surprising that it is not more widely used for group decision making-that is, structured business meetings, or more formally, deliberative assemblies. In the hope of providing basic guidelines and motivating further work, we offer some considerations regarding rules of order for conducting e-mail meetings

Most database systems use ARIES-like logging and recovery scheme to recover from failures and guarantee transactional consistency. ARIES relies on Write-Ahead Logging (WAL) protocol which requires that log records be durably written prior to the corresponding data changes. Database systems use the write-through capability of the storage media to enforce write-ahead logging. While SCSI disks that are commonly deployed in enterprise servers support write-through, commodity hard drives do not. While database systems were mostly limited to enterprise servers in the past, today they are being heavily deployed in large-scale internet services and personal information management systems. In order to minimize costs, these systems use commodity hard drives that have controller caches but lack write-through. These drives delay and reorder the writes thereby breaking the WAL assumption on which recovery is based. Here we present a solution to enforce WAL, hence recoverability of the database on these drives. We also present performance measurements demonstrating that our approach does not cause any overhead in the path of the transaction.

The present study investigates internet service quality and its impact on customer satisfaction in the banking context. Internet service quality is operationalised by adopting an instrument, which is based on SERVQUAL and consists of six dimensions, namely assurance, quality of ...

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With the explosion of the Internet many firms are incorporating technology into their marketing and operations and are adopting a multichannel strategy. The impact of this strategy has been especially high in the services area, which has traditionally relied on close, personal contact between customers and employees. This study explores how overall customer loyalty is built as a consequence of the value provided by each channel (offline and online). It also analyzes the moderating role of complexity of services used and customers’ Internet access in the service value–loyalty link. The model is tested with a sample of 302 multichannel financial services customers who use both the offline (traditional) and the online channel. Results show that offline perceived service value increases online perceived value; offline value has a stronger effect on overall loyalty than online value; and online service complexity and Internet adoption moderate the influence of service value on overall loyalty. Implications for management and theory are discussed.► In a context of multichannel service customers, this study analyzes how value provided by each channel (offline and online) builds loyalty. ► It also analyzes the moderating role of complexity of services used and customers’ Internet access in the service value–loyalty link. ► Results from 302 multichannel financial services customers show that the offline value has a stronger effect on overall loyalty than online value.

The commercial use of the Internet for service provision has deeply changed the environment where human-computer interaction takes place. Web interfaces are now integrated in overall service provision, and are designed for a huge and diversified set of potential users, in an uncontrolled context. With the aim of understanding customer interaction needs and improving the methods of requirements elicitation in the web context, a qualitative study of a multi-channel Portuguese bank was made. The results obtained so far indicate that Interaction Design and Services Marketing have strong complementarities. The Marketing perspective is especially useful with regard to the study of customer experience requirements, which are increasingly influential in customer decisions to adopt Internet services. Essential use cases are also very useful in the multiple platform service context, as they allow the elicitation of experience requirements in a technology-independent way, and therefore allow an integrated management of the different interaction channels.

The Internet's influence in creating e-services has been revolutionary for providers and their customers. Unfortunately, there has been a wide gap between inspiring applications of the Internet that help increase service customization while maintaining or even improving delivery efficiency, and downright flops in which companies that have made bold promises have failed to deliver on even a portion of their pledges. This paper provides an examination of e-services utilizing three approaches in order to provide guidance on how to fly rather than flop. First, we develop a model of the e-service customer retention. Second, we offer a case study of Sothebys.com to illustrate how a well-known, but not typically technologically adventurous, company can utilize e-services to expand its offerings and streamline its services. Finally, we offer a profiling technique for analyzing the benefits and challenges of e-services for particular industries. "comprised of all interactive services that are delivered on the Internet using advanced telecommunications, information, and multimedia technologies." Clearly, the Internet's influence in creating e-services has been revolutionary for providers and their customers. This paper examines e-services utilizing three approaches. First, we employ a model of e-service customer retention. Second, we offer a case study of Sothebys.com to illustrate how a well-known, but not typically technologically adventurous, company can utilize e-services to expand its offerings and streamline its services. Finally, we offer a basic methodology for analyzing the benefits and challenges of e-services for particular industries. This profiling method borrows from the product profiling method developed by Terry Hill for use in operations strategy .

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to report on the development and nomological testing of a 17‐item scale measuring the five dimensions of service convenience (decision, access, transaction, benefit, and post‐benefit) as proposed by Berry, Seiders, and Grewal.Design/methodology/approachA cross‐sectional survey methodology was used to collect the data.FindingsReliability and validity assessments provided evidence of the scale's psychometric validity. Service convenience was found to be a significant predictor of overall satisfaction in the context of personal cellular telephone and internet usage.Research limitations/implicationsThis study uses a student sample which may limit its generalizability to other respondents. Also, the cross‐sectional survey methodology does not allow for the investigation of causation. Future research should investigate other contexts outside of the cellular and internet services examined in this study and across a broader sample. Furthermore, the ab...

تهدف الدراسة إلى التعريف بالخدمات التي تقدمها شبكة الانترنت في مجال المكتبات ومؤسسات المعلومات المختلفة، فضلاً عن إيضاح الدور الريادي لشبكة الانترنت من حيث أنواعها  وأغراض إستخدامها وطرائق الإفادة منها في حقل الاختصاص، كما قامت بالإشارة الكثير من المواقع التي تقدم تلك الخدمات .

وأظهرت النتائج إن إستخدام خدمات الشبكة العالمية سيوفر الكثير من الوقت والجهد والتكاليف من خلال إستثمار إمكانياتها لأداء العديد من الوظائف المتنوعة وتوفير تكلفة إقتناء العديد من مصادر المعلومات المختلفة .

وقد أوصت بضرورة السعي لبناء صفحات أو مواقع خاصة بالمكتبات ومؤسسات المعلومات العراقية على الشبكة, وأهمية توعية المتخصصين بالمكتبات ومؤسسات المعلومات بتلك الخدمات وإتاحة الظروف التقنية اللازمة من برمجيات وأجهزة تسمح بتوصيل الخدمات الكترونياً وضرورة وجود جهة تدعم مشروع تصميم وإتاحة خدمات المكتبات ومؤسسات المعلومات في القطر على الشبكة.

The authors conducted research to determine whether IT-managers, IT auditors, users, management, etc. (all decision-makers) use a certain evaluation and selection process to acquire software to meet business objectives and the requirement of users. An argument was used that the more thorough the software evaluation and selection process, the more likely it would be that the organisation will choose software

Little systematic research has been done to develop a scale to measure consumer-based brand equity. The authors report the results of a multistep study to develop and validate a multidimensional consumer-based brand equity scale (MBE) drawn from Aaker's and Keller's conceptualizations of brand equity. A total of 1530 American, Korean American, and Korean participants evaluated 12 brands from three product categories (athletic shoes, film for cameras, and color television sets). Multistep psychometric tests demonstrate that the new brand equity scale is reliable, valid, parsimonious, and generalizable across several cultures and product categories. The authors discuss theoretical and practical implications of the study. D

The purpose of this study was to determine the sources and needs of drug information for community pharmacies in Palestine. A fifteen item questionnaire was distributed to community pharmacies. Out of approximately one hundred fifty community pharmacies who received the questionnaire through An-Najah university pharmacy trainee students, one hundred eighteen community pharmacies filled in and returned the questionnaire to the researchers. The questionnaire included background information and questions regarding sources of drug information available to pharmacists and the most commonly drug-related questions encountered by community pharmacies. Approximately ninety per cent of community pharmacists have Martindale or British Pharmacopoeia as a reference textbook but less than one per cent have other important primary sources of information like periodicals or continuing education courses. Computer set-up and Internet services are available for some community pharmacies. Community pharmacists were most often asked questions about drug price, over-the-counter drug selection, pediatric drug dosage and drug use in pregnancy and lactation. The conclusion is that, few drug information sources are available for community pharmacies in Palestine and this inadequacy in drug information constrains the community pharmacists in Palestine from providing patients with appropriate drug education and hinders them from playing an important role in health services as a drug information provider. 15 150 .

The main reasons abused men do not seek social services include their strong endorsement of social/cultural values and avoidance of gender role conflict. Through internet-based service connections, we did not find sources in Asia, Australia, or New Zealand that advertised programs exclusively for male victims of domestic violence (DV). Nine social services in Hong Kong and Singapore describe their work with men in DV situations, but the main focus is "men as perpetrators." Targeting men as victims, 32 sources in Canada, the United States, and the United Kingdom describe services designed especially for male DV victims. Findings demonstrate that services for male victims must address such factors as secretiveness, cultural values, masculine identity, tolerance, shame, and loss of face.

A printed monopole antenna with microstrip-fed Sierpinski fractal geometry for dual wideband application is presented. The operating bands are adjusted with the design of modified Sierpinski triangle (radiating patch), ground plane and scale factor used to create a fractal shape. The simulated 10 dB (VSWR 2:1) reflection bandwidth for first resonant frequency is 60% (1.47 GHz2.7 GHz). It covers GPS, DCS1800, PCS-1800, UMTS, IMT-2000, WiBRO (Wireless Broadband Internet Services) and WLAN bands. For second resonant frequency the band width is 8% (4.991HHz-5.4 GHz) and covers 5.2 GHz WLAN (802.11/ a). The radiation characteristics and gain of the modified Sierpinski fractal antenna are also presented and discussed.

Despite much research, skepticism remains over the possibility of profiling scholastic cheaters. However, several relevant predictor variables and newer diagnostic tools have been overlooked. We remedy this deficit with a series of three studies. Study 1 was a large-scale survey of a broad range of personality predictors of self-reported cheating. Significant predictors included the Dark Triad (Machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy) as well as low agreeableness and low conscientiousness. Only psychopathy remained significant in a multiple regression. Study 2 replicated this pattern using a naturalistic, behavioral indicator of cheating, namely, plagiarism as indexed by the Internet service Turn-It-In. Poor verbal ability was also an independent predictor. Study 3 examined possible motivational mediators of the association between psychopathy and cheating. Unrestrained achievement and moral inhibition were successful mediators whereas fear of punishment was not. Practical implications for researchers and educators are discussed.

Internet telephony like any other Internet service suffers from security flaws caused by various implementation errors (e.g. in end-users terminals, protocols, operating systems, hardware, etc). These implementation problems usually lead VoIP subsystems (e.g. SIP servers) to various unstable operations whenever trying to process a message not conforming to the underlying standards. As Internet telephony becomes more and more popular, attackers will attempt to exhaustively "test" implementations' robustness, transmitting various types of malformed messages to them. Since it is almost infeasible to avoid or predict every potential error caused during the developing process of these subsystems, it is necessary to specify an appropriate and robust, from the security point of view, framework that will facilitate the successful detection and handling of any kind of malformed messages aiming to destruct the provided service. In this paper, we adequately present malformed message attacks against SIP network servers and/or SIP end-user terminals and we propose a new detection "framework" of prototyped attacks' signatures that can assist the detection procedure and provide effective defence against this category of attacks.

Nowadays industry focus about information security getting increased. One standard that is agreed is ISO 27001, a standard management information security is applied to the cross-industry and internationally recognized. ISO 27001 is not only emphasizes the security of information, but also the company's business processes. This study aims to determine the management of the implementation of security standards for providing of information in PT.Telkom internet service using the ISO 27001 standard as a case study. This study used qualitative descriptive methods to conduct observation and interviews.  The results showed that the threats and security risks occur in providing internet information PT.Telkom attacked by hacking the type and duration of different attacks. Government website attacks highlighted the General Elections Commission (KPU), these attacks violate the security aspects of information that need recovery and appropriate treatment. Therefore, the recommendations can be given in this research is to improve the implementation of an information security standard for the internet service PT.Telkom.

With his proclamation in 1998 that "IT is India's tomorrow", Prime Minister Vajpayee captured a vision of a 21 st century India substantially different from that of the previous century, with its high levels of poverty, bloated bureaucracies, and protectionist policies. He envisioned the new India as a major IT power, fully integrated with the global economy, bringing about substantial domestic and international benefit. The Internet is a key to this vision, both as an enabler of technologybased change, and as an indicator of the vision's fulfillment.

The study investigated the effect of availability and level of use of internet services on academics professional development in colleges of education in Lagos, Nigeria. The study adopted descriptive design survey type. The researcher made instrument tagged Internet Services and Professional Development Questionnaire (ISPDQ) was used for data collection. The reliability co-efficient of the instrument was 0.78, which was used for data collected. The random sampling technique was used to select a total of 200 academics from 4 colleges of education in Lagos state, Nigeria that formed the sample size from a population of 1,009.188 questionnaire were properly filled and returned out of 200 administered which gave a response rate of 94%. Tables, chart, frequency counts and simple percentages were computed to answer the research questions. The study revealed that the available internet services in colleges of education were not adequate and their utilization was a matter of concern. Based on these, it was recommended that the college authorities should as a matter of urgency avail academic staff in the institutions with internet services and sponsor them on training and retraining programme to enhanced professional development of academics.

In order to give people ubiquitous access to software applications, device controllers, and Internet services, it will be necessary to automatically adapt user interfaces to the computational devices at hand (e.g., cell phones, PDAs, touch panels, etc.). While previous researchers have proposed solutions to this problem, each has limitations. This paper proposes a novel solution based on treating interface adaptation as an optimization problem. When asked to render an interface on a specific device, our Supple system searches for the rendition that meets the device's constraints and minimizes the estimated effort for the user's expected interface actions. We make several contributions: 1) precisely defining the interface rendition problem, 2) demonstrating how user traces can be used to customize interface rendering to particular user's usage pattern, 3) presenting an efficient interface rendering algorithm, 4) performing experiments that demonstrate the utility of our approach.

Internet, coraz bardziej przeładowany informacjami, wymaga przebudowy swej struktury i sposobu funkcjonowania. Artykuł przedstawia kierunki rozwoju usług internetowych, z uwzględnieniem postępującego prosumentyzmu, kastomizacji i semantyzacji Internetu.

Central University of Venezuela is the main university of Venezuela and has approximately 60,000 students and 16,000 staff members. In the last few years, the university network has been expanded and currently about 8,000 computers are connected to the network. As a consequence of this expansion, users were suffering low throughput and network administrators were facing the shortage of public IPv4 addresses. To address the latter problem, NAT (Network Address Translation) has been deployed for several years at the university. However, NAT is a partial solution since it does not offer true end-to-end connections and, some Internet services that need to initiate connections from the outside do not work. In this paper, we present a solution to the two problems. Traffic congestion was alleviated with an update of the connection between the university and the major ISP, and a more rigorous filtering policy. To reduce the problem generated by the lack of public IPv4 addresses, we propose to deploy the new version of the Internet Protocol (IPv6) at the university. The basic idea is to migrate to IPv6 which offers a large space of IPv6 addresses and many other improvements over IPv4.

Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) is a third-generation cellular network that enables high-speed wireless Internet access. It can provide maximum data-rates ranging from 64kb/s to 2Mb/s in different environmental types. UMTS is designed to provide access to the existing Internet services as well as to UMTS specific services. It will augment the existing capabilities of 2G mobile networks and GPRS, and one often envisaged strategy is to offer a richer set of multimedia services. It is widely known that TCP does not perform efficiently in wireless links where the bit error rate is high enough. This paper has as main target to evaluate the performance of TCP data transfer over the UMTS air interface, by means of a rather detailed simulation model. We examine the performance of TCP over UMTS Dedicated Channels (DCHs) with different bit rates and Transmission Time Intervals (TTIs) and we represent some simulation experiments for UMTS High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) transmissions.

The Internet of the future will be shaped by the tectonic forces of regulation, commercialization, technological change, and a wide range of policy concerns expressed at local, national, regional and international levels. In this paper, the effect of these forces is considered and an attempt made to project their effects into the future.

New and redesigned version of Internet service MapsOfSerbia is presented in the paper. High quality data for the territory of Serbia cannot be found on worldwide existing services of similar category (Google Maps - GM, Microsoft Virtual Earth - VE, Yahoo Maps - YM). Territory of Serbia is mostly covered by small scaled satellite imagery (Landsat) and major roads network. There are also areas (around some larger cities and on few other locations) where imagery from Ikonos or Quickbird satellite missions is used. The reason for this situation is that large worldwide providers of vector datasets (TeleAtlas, Navteq and others) still do not have larger datasets for Serbian territory (for example, data for the capital city of Serbia, Belgrade). Satellite imagery in fine resolution is available only for areas and locations mentioned above and therefore leading dataset providers do not have significant amount of raster datasets (orthophoto) of Serbian territory in their archives as well. Th...

The Internet's influence in creating e-services has been revolutionary for providers and their customers. Unfortunately, there has been a wide gap between inspiring applications of the Internet that help increase service customization while maintaining or even improving delivery efficiency, and downright flops in which companies that have made bold promises have failed to deliver on even a portion of their pledges. This paper provides an examination of e-services utilizing three approaches in order to provide guidance on how to fly rather than flop. First, we develop a model of the e-service customer retention. Second, we offer a case study of Sothebys.com to illustrate how a well-known, but not typically technologically adventurous, company can utilize e-services to expand its offerings and streamline its services. Finally, we offer a profiling technique for analyzing the benefits and challenges of e-services for particular industries. "comprised of all interactive services that are delivered on the Internet using advanced telecommunications, information, and multimedia technologies." Clearly, the Internet's influence in creating e-services has been revolutionary for providers and their customers. This paper examines e-services utilizing three approaches. First, we employ a model of e-service customer retention. Second, we offer a case study of Sothebys.com to illustrate how a well-known, but not typically technologically adventurous, company can utilize e-services to expand its offerings and streamline its services. Finally, we offer a basic methodology for analyzing the benefits and challenges of e-services for particular industries. This profiling method borrows from the product profiling method developed by Terry Hill for use in operations strategy .

Most transactions initiated online are completed by some form of physical fulfillment, i.e. the delivery of the goods to the customer's doorstep. In previous studies, website performance or e-service quality was found to be an important antecedent of customer satisfaction and loyalty. In traditional settings, physical fulfillment is considered an important driver of customers' behavioral intentions. In the present study, combined effects of online and offline service components on customer responses are modeled and tested. A survey of online customers across four industries has generated important insights into the absolute and relative importance of two physical fulfillment dimensions. In the surveyed industries physical fulfillment appears to be at least as important as website performance. The role of third party logistics providers ensuring offline value and joy is substantiated.

Social networks are at an all time high, nowadays. They make the world a smaller place to live in. People can stay in touch with friends and can make new friends on these social networks which traditionally were not possible without internet service. The possibilities provided by social networks enable vast and immediate contact. People tend to spend lot of time on the social networks like Facebook, LinkedIn and Twitter peeping into their friend"s accounts and trying to stay connected with the world.