Card Sorting

1. Workshop Overview 1.1 Introduction and aims for the workshop. The aim of the workshop was to prepare and deliver the information based on the chosen topic from the assignment brief. I and my group members decided to focus on the user testing techniques and prototyping. Our chosen theme was Card Sorting, mainly because it involves critical thinking, helps organize and test the information architecture to make it more accessible and user-friendly. [1] To ensure we conduct a successful workshop related to the card sorting, we went through the process which includes workshop design, development process, and evaluation of the workshop for the future workshop improvement. 1.2 Resources During the first workshop design stages, I and my group members used a Methodkit to plan and prioritize various tasks. [2] In my opinion, Methodkit was a useful tool to find the most important aspects of the workshop. It also ensured that we prepare and deliver information efficiently to our target audience. [3] Working as a team we found the necessity for a collaboration tool so we could organize and store the essential information for our workshop. We all agreed to use Trello to store our research materials and record the information discussed in the group meetings. [4] [Figure 1] Trello was easy to use and made our workshop preparation process more efficient. As a group, we made decisions about the resources to use for the workshop activities. Some of the resources were – A3 paper, Blue-Tac, Post-its, Marker Pens and a Tracing paper which would be used for brainstorming and share the participant ideas. 2. Workshop Design Process I strongly believe that during the design process, collaborative work was a key element to define the goals of the workshop. I and my group members looked for the themes which would help us deliver meaningful workshop based on hands-on approach. From our research, we found that Card Sorting is a popular user testing technique which involves active participation and helps to identify the most important aspects for the users within the information architecture. We found that there are many types of card sorting and it was challenging to choose the specific card sorting technique to show during the workshop activities within provided timeframe. [5] The key principles underpinning card sorting is a good understanding of critical thinking and prototyping. In order to cover these principles, we structured the workshop in a way that the participants use the critical thinking process first to discuss the provided design based on the scenarios, and find the ways to enhance their experience. [Figure 2] [6]. Then we look at the card sorting principles and introduce the participants with different examples where card sorting was used as a tool to enhance user experience. [Figure 3] [7]. Lastly, we place the emphasis on paper prototyping and explain the connection between prototyping and card sorting. [Figure 4]. This structure provided us with the insights of how we can develop the tasks and activities further to ensure participants find these techniques useful. 3. Workshop Development Process The very first stage in the development process was to find a right strategy for us to follow in order to prepare a consistent workshop. In the beginning of the workshop, I and my group members decided on giving an overview of the tasks and activities we have prepared and are going to focus on. [Figure 5] The workshop overview helped us identify tasks for each

Diseño de una interfaz para un cliente de mensajes instantáneos en un dispositivo móvil, tomando en cuenta un proceso de diseño con needfinding, postdesign, personas, diseño participativo, sketching, entre otros. Se platicó sobre una conjetura derivada a partir de un modelo basado en los modos de apelación de la retórica. La evaluación del prototipo tomó en cuenta la comunicabilidad de la ingeniería semiótica, usabilidad y una prueba simple a partir del modelo mencionado.

This paper addresses the timely and internationally relevant problem of designing a national integrated personal health record. Health care reforms around the world are changing the way health-related activities are performed. The goal is to empower patients to gain control of their healthcare information and foster health care team collaboration through integrated national health information systems. To accomplish this goal it is urgent to engage users in the use of these platforms. We present the process for creating a meaningful design strategy for a citizen portal that incorporates an integrated personal health record. This portal is part of a national health data platform crosschannel experience, connecting health care providers with patients, counting over 750,000 users. We applied a user experience design process to create an effective design solution for an integrated PHR and prototype that can be extended to the development of this new type of PHR.

In computer security, risk communication refers to informing computer users about the likelihood and magnitude of a threat. Efficacy of risk communication depends not only on the nature of the risk, but also on the alignment between the conceptual model embedded in the risk communication and the user's mental model of the risk. The gap between the mental models of security experts and non-experts could lead to ineffective risk communication. Our research shows that for a variety of the security risks self-identified security experts and non-experts have different mental models. We propose that the design of the risk communication methods should be based on the non-expert mental models.

Understanding what makes computer games enjoyable is important not only for game design, but for the design of any interactive experience where it is important that users will want to use the design. We define enjoyment broadly as the positive evaluation of your experience. Existing models of game enjoyment are either not comprehensive enough, were not generated by empirical research, or both. We aim to fill this gap in the literature with a card sorting study exploring participants' experience and mental models around what leads to computer game enjoyment. A broad literature review identified 167 sources of enjoyment. Our research group conducted an open card sort with these items to identify 24 initial categories of enjoyment sources. Sixty participants will sort the 167 sources of enjoyment into the 24 categories, plus a " not a source of enjoyment " category. After every ten participants , we will calculate inter-rater agreement with Randolph's free-marginal multi-rater kappa. We hope this research will lead to a new, more comprehensive and content valid model of the sources of computer game enjoyment .

ABSTRACT Netsorting is a web based cardsorting tool. Our research group used Netsorting to run a number of experiments on cognitive science and on information architecture. In the study we are presenting here we compared two couples of card sorts with the same data: two ...

Card Sorting stellt eine wichtige und häufig eingesetzte Usability Methode dar, die häufig für die Suche nach der grundlegenden Informationsarchitektur genutzt wird. Im Rahmen der Optimierung von Usability Tests und Remote Testing ergibt sich die Herausforderung, anstelle von realen Karten Systeme für die Durchführung von Card Sorting Testaufgaben zu entwickeln. Diese Studie zeigt anhand eines Benutzertests, dass mit realen und virtuellen Karten vergleichbare Ergebnisse erzielt werden. Im Rahmen des Tests wurden die Phasen des typischen Benutzerverhaltens analysiert. Zudem werden einige Werkzeuge in einer heuristischen Evaluierung verglichen und potentielle Vorteile durch die Virtualisierung systematisch dargestellt.

Combining the techniques of paper prototyping and card sorting into a single session has the benefits of helping users to understand a new technology on the one hand, and of gaining insight into the users' mental models of that technology on the other hand. However, acquainting users with a new technology via a paper prototype might affect their mental models, as assessed with the card sorting technique. The aim of this paper was to explore the possibility of combining the two techniques in a single research session. Thirty-seven users participated in a study concerning a payment system based on Near Field Communication (NFC). Eight group sessions were organized, including both a paper prototyping exercise and a card sorting exercise. The order of the exercises was alternated. The findings of this case study seem to suggest that the paper prototyping exercise resulted into deeper insights into the participants' mental models resulting from the card sorting exercise. At the same time, paper prototyping seemed to prevent participants to come up with new names for their card sorting categories.

Digital media offer individuals a growing number of opportunities to interact with others and to develop varied forms of sociability. Such novel social experiences call for competences related to the organisation of mediated social relationships, as part of the contemporary individual’s media literacy. In this paper, we address the issues of the definition and the assessment of these competences. Firstly, we introduce a matrix definition of media literacy that includes the ability to organise media objects from a social perspective as a specific set of competences. Secondly, we present the development of an assessment method for these competences. Our data collection method relies on card sorting tasks, requiring subjects to group cards representing features from Facebook pages into piles, based on their similarity, according to criteria of their choice. In a pilot experiment, ten Facebook users were asked to sort four decks of cards repeatedly, using a single criterion at a time, u...

Este estudo busca apresentar algumas técnicas e ferramentas de IHC (Interface Homem- Computador) que auxiliam na identificação de problemas de usabilidade e possíveis soluções para estas inconsistências, em um sistema de ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) já existente e em uso comercialmente. A pesquisa de campo constou da aplicação da técnica de Card Sorting, em clientes reais da empresa Uninfo Sistemas de Chapecó-SC, para avaliar a taxonomia da interface principal do ERP Softcom Slim. A partir dos resultados coletados criou-se um protótipo estático com a nova taxonomia proposta, e por fim, a avaliação desta nova taxonomia por meio do tempo de execução, número de cliques no mouse e traçado percorrido. A escolha da realização da pesquisa em um sistema já em uso comercialmente mostrou vantagens e desvantagens. A maior vantagem identificada foi o conhecimento prévio do usuário ao sistema, pois tal conhecimento auxilia na identificação de pontos falhos da taxonomia do sistema avaliado....

This study explores tech students’ perceptions of social media’s usefulness during PBL group work. In contrast
to much of the previous work, this study is not focused on effects; instead, it is aimed at determining the
extent to which students perceived various social media platforms as useful within the context of their PBL
group work. This study is based on 15 groups (45 tech students) enrolled at Aalborg University and uses the
principles of problem-based learning. The study’s procedures included a semi- structured interview guide and
a card sorting method. All participants in this study used social media for group coordination. Messenger,
Skype, WhatsApp, Snapchat, and Facebook were all used in dynamic, changeable, and different ways within
groups for coordination. Moreover, if social media platforms were used for non-academic purposes, they
were mostly perceived as not useful and distracting. However, if the social media platforms were perceived
as useful, they tended to contain group- and project-relevant content. The various social media platforms
were perceived differently and used for different purposes throughout the PBL stages, depending on the
individuals, and their use was not persistent or variable due to positive, neutral or negative perceptions. It
can also be concluded that real-time synchronous and collaborative platforms are important for facilitating
students’ group work and projects. In addition, the students perceived that a strongly focused group with
good group dynamics benefits more from using social media than does a more unfocused group with an
excessively friendly attitude.

This cross-sectional study examined the development of set-shifting ability from childhood into early adulthood. Six hundred and forty-nine participants (aged 8-30) were assessed on the verbal fluency, design fluency, trail making, color-word interference, and card sorting subtests of the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS). Multiple regression analyses revealed modest effects of age and gender on set-shifting tasks, after controlling for IQ and component skills. The current study provides evidence for generally increased performance of set-shifting abilities through adolescence. Women overall had statistically better performance than men on all executive functioning tasks. There were significant age by gender interactions suggesting differential age-related improvements between men and women. On color-word interference and verbal fluency switching tasks, men tended to show larger improvements than women, whereas on a design fluency switching task, women showed larger improvements than men.

Card Sorting stellt eine wichtige und häufig eingesetzte Usability Methode dar, die häufig für die Suche nach der grundlegenden Informationsarchitektur genutzt wird. Im Rahmen der Optimierung von Usability Tests und Remote Testing ergibt sich die Herausforderung, anstelle von realen Karten Systeme für die Durchführung von Card Sorting Testaufgaben zu entwickeln. Diese Studie zeigt anhand eines Benutzertests, dass mit realen und virtuellen Karten vergleichbare Ergebnisse erzielt werden. Im Rahmen des Tests wurden die Phasen des typischen Benutzerverhaltens analysiert. Zudem werden einige Werkzeuge in einer heuristischen Evaluierung verglichen und potentielle Vorteile durch die Virtualisierung systematisch dargestellt.

Preschoolers' categorization differs from adults'; therefore it is beneficial to involve them in the design process to create appropriate information architecture for this age group. In this paper, we describe three card sorting activities conducted with a total of fifty six preschool children in five nurseries. We conclude that a closed card sorting task can be combined with a matchto-sample activity to offer insight into children's categorization knowledge, contributing significantly to the design of technology for young children.

En los últimos años ha crecido el interés en la “Experiencia de usuario” o mejor conocido en el medio como “UX” que es la abreviación de User Experience. Esto equivale a mover toda una industria girando, digamos del “tecnocentrismo” al “usuariocentrismo”, de tal manera que la importancia central comienza a residir en cómo el usuario puede apropiarse de la tecnología y utilizarla de manera adecuada. Una técnica que nos ayuda para comprender a nuestros usuarios es el Card Sorting.

The session is a common unit of interaction that is used in search log analysis. By analysing sessions, it is possible to identify distinct classes of searcher behaviour that can be used to design search applications that better support groups of users based on their expected behaviours. This paper describes an online card sort experiment to investigate how people distinguish between search sessions (i.e., how they group them) to gain insights into their organising principles and to inform the future use of automated approaches, such as clustering. Results show patterns of user behaviour to be the most common way of grouping sessions.

O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar o Card Sorting, técnica de análise e organização de vocabulários controlados, e tem por finalidade explorar a relação dos usuários com o desenvolvimento de serviços de informação. A chave da utilização é a participação de usuários finais no processo, permitindo entender como eles categorizam as informações disponíveis num processo de busca, identificando qual terminologia é a mais usual, qual pode gerar confusões e que termos são mais difíceis de categorizar. Esta técnica pode ser utilizada em arquitetura da informação na definição de estruturas de web sites ou a criação de taxonomias e tesauros. É um método extremamente simples e barato, de grande flexibilidade, que permite uma grande interação entre bibliotecários e seu público. Existem duas formas básicas de Card Sorting a 'aberta' onde o usuário participa ativamente na sugestão do vocabulário e a 'fechada' onde é definida uma estrutura hierárquica lógica utilizando termos pré-definidos.

Netsorting is a web based cardsorting tool. Our research group used Netsorting to run a number of experiments on cognitive science and on information architecture. In the study we are presenting here we compared two couples of card sorts with the same data: two ...

Art and Science, just like Science and Magic are seen as distinct practices, requiring distinct world views. In the OWL project we call on, cross-fertilise and blur boundaries between all three. The project is predicated on Clarke's third rule of technology prediction, that "any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic" . From this standpoint we are developing rigourous processes to support magical thinking, with the aim of understanding how to support the conception and development of technologies that we can't yet imagine, to the point where they can be evaluated. We are approaching our problem from a number of perspectives, including the development and use of placebo objects and devices, probe-like enquiry through one on one interviews and workshops where we encourage people to make their own exploratory devices, and thereby extend and challenge the way we, as design researchers, are thinking about technology conception and design. We present here our burgeoning approach to analysing the OWL interview outcomes. New processes demand new techniques. We draw on well established methods and consider how they might be subverted to support our needs.

Requirements Volatility is considered to be a major source of risk to the management of large and complex software projects. The ability to characterise the nature and origins of requirements change during software development is important and can lead organisations towards more effective management of changing requirements.