6G

With the progress of smart technology and diversified application of existing networks, the future might not manage the rapid growth of traffic demand, i.e., 6G. Therefore, future robust networks (FRNs) are investigated to get enough bandwidth and solve problems to achieve strong communication and self-configuration. Because the global positioning system (GPS) nodes have severe shortcomings, node localization is not appropriate for the self-configuring FRNs. A node localization mechanism scanning technology for calculating the distance between nodes, and multi-alteration scanning, and spatial triangulation techniques for calculating the distance between nodes are discussed in this article. In addition, the appearance of index modulation (IM) is an advanced modulation of the model. The subcarrier-index modulation (SIM) of different scenarios uses index mapping techniques for FRNs and beyond. We formulate locating positioning in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) through distance estimation techniques. The general model of SIM, along with its mechanism implementation, is also introduced. By improving the spectral efficiency, the comparison average bit error probability enhances the signal quality and frequency selectivity through the exhaustive search-based optimal detector at receiver for FRNs. Then, we study the potential applications of SIM in various scenarios such as downlink multiuser network and physical layer security.

Background: With advances in science and technology, biotechnology is becoming more accessible to people of all demographics. These advances inevitably hold the promise to improve personal and population well-being and welfare substantially. It is paradoxical that while greater access to biotechnology on a population level has many advantages, it may also increase the likelihood and frequency of biodisasters due to accidental or malicious use. Similar to "Disease X" (describing unknown naturally emerging pathogenic diseases with a pandemic potential), we term this unknown risk from biotechnologies "Biodisaster X." To date, no studies have examined the potential role of information technologies in preventing and mitigating Biodisaster X. Objective: This study aimed to explore (1) what Biodisaster X might entail and (2) solutions that use artificial intelligence (AI) and emerging 6G technologies to help monitor and manage Biodisaster X threats. Methods: A review of the literature on applying AI and 6G technologies for monitoring and managing biodisasters was conducted on PubMed, using articles published from database inception through to November 16, 2020. Results: Our findings show that Biodisaster X has the potential to upend lives and livelihoods and destroy economies, essentially posing a looming risk for civilizations worldwide. To shed light on Biodisaster X threats, we detailed effective AI and 6G-enabled strategies, ranging from natural language processing to deep learning-based image analysis to address issues ranging from early Biodisaster X detection (eg, identification of suspicious behaviors), remote design and development of pharmaceuticals (eg, treatment development), and public health interventions (eg, reactive shelter-at-home mandate enforcement), as well as disaster recovery (eg, sentiment analysis of social media posts to shed light on the public's feelings and readiness for recovery building). Conclusions: Biodisaster X is a looming but avoidable catastrophe. Considering the potential human and economic consequences Biodisaster X could cause, actions that can effectively monitor and manage Biodisaster X threats must be taken promptly and proactively. Rather than solely depending on overstretched professional attention of health experts and government officials, it is perhaps more cost-effective and practical to deploy technology-based solutions to prevent and control Biodisaster X threats.

Innovative advancements in the Telecommunication sector in form of 5G and 6G technologies have raised the issues pertaining to human health impacts by the electromagnetic waves (EMW) delivered by cell phone base transmitter stations (BTS). Present paper highlights the health issues, which might arise from EMW from the cell phone BTS. Because of super-fast speed and potential of lower latency of connectivity even in the far-flung areas, 5G and 6G technology will be exclusively relied upon for implementation in different industrial fields, research and development in the near future and will further satisfy the thorough need for bandwidth through positioning of huge number of heavily dense sited base stations working in the millimeter-wave extend. Presentation of new emission sources, working in correspondence to previously existing 2G/3G/4G versatile innovations, raises worries about surpassing the acceptable EMF exposure limits. Due to these services, cell phone clients and individuals living inside short proximity of the cell phone base stations have become progressively worried over the possible harmful effects of radiofrequency radiation generated by these devices to their health The way that this radiation is concealed, vague, and enters and leaves our bodies without our insight makes it considerably alarming.

Advances in the fields of networking, broadband communications and demand for high-fidelity low-latency last-mile communications have rendered as-efficient-as-possible relaying methods more necessary than ever. This paper investigates the possibility of the utilization of cellular-enabled drones as aerial base stations in next-generation cellular networks. Flying ad hoc networks (FANETs) acting as clusters of deployable relays for the on-demand extension of broadband connectivity constitute a promising scenario in the domain of next-generation high-availability communications. Matters of mobility, handover efficiency, energy availability, optimal positioning and node localization as well as respective multi-objective optimizations are discussed in detail, with their core ideas defining the structure of the work at hand. This paper examines improvements to the existing cellular network core to support novel use-cases and lower the operation costs of diverse ad hoc deployments.