Thermal Characterization of Commercial Electric Radiators

In this paper various methods for radiator performance evaluation and testing of the radiator are considered because all internal combustion engines produce heat as a byproduct of combustion and friction. This heat can reach temperatures up to 1925°C (3500°F) and can have catastrophic affects on engine components. Pistons, valves and cylinder heads must be cooled to reduce the risk of detonation. Cylinder temperatures need to be controlled so lubricating oil can maintain a protective film on the cylinder surfaces and the lubricating oil should be cooled to ensure its integrity. In addition to overheating, overcooling can have negative effects on the engine. Overcooling can reduce engine performance and shorten the engine’s service life. Cooling systems are used to manage engine heat. Cooling systems must be properly designed, operated and maintained for proper engine operation and service life [5].

EPJ Web of Conferences, 2012

Research project dealing with dynamic behavior of panel radiators is motivated by current needs for energy savings. Radiators of various types and dimensions were experimentally investigated with thermal imaging; obtained data were used in computer models describing heat-up and cool-down of a radiator. In this article, thermographic observation of fluid flow in a radiator as well as several strategies of heat-up modeling are described and discussed.

Energy Procedia, 2016

Heating bodies are thermodynamic systems whose heat output is strongly dependent on boundary conditions and in about a century several attempts have been made for its experimental determination. To this aim, at the beginning of 60s, in Europe different national standards were adopted (e.g. in 1967 in Italy the UNI 6514/1967). At European level, the EN 442-1:2014 and EN 442-2:2014 allows the heating body heat output estimation with an expanded uncertainty lower than 1% and they are now accepted in various international markets. The EN 442 also allows heat output calculation in operating conditions different from standard ones by employing theoretical-experimental correlations that, by their nature, are not able to include any possible actual operating condition. In fact, in actual operating conditions the heating body heat output depends on several factors, among which: i) installation position with respect to the wall and the floor; ii) presence grid/shelf/niche or an obstruction caused by curtains on the heating body; iii) thermo-fluid-dynamic condition variations (inlet flow rate and temperature); iv) hydraulic connections. Radiators represent the most spread heating body (installed since the end of '800) and in the last decades different radiators typologies have been proposed on the market, characterized by different materials, sizes, shapes, etc. In the present paper the authors present the preliminary result of an experimental campaign on field for the heat output measurement of different radiators typologies (cast iron, aluminum) as a function of different installation and operating conditions. The influence on the heating body performance and the associate technical-economical consequences in terms of heat cost allocation accuracy have been investigated.

Automotive engine produce extra heat during engine operation. Automotive engine cooling system regulates engine surface temperature for optimum efficiency. Recent advancement in engine for power forced engine cooling system to develop new strategies to improve its performance efficiency and to reduce fuel consumption along with controlling engine emission to mitigate environmental pollution norms. Automobile radiator test rig is designed to evaluate the performance of automobile radiator. The modeling of radiator has been described by two methods, one is finite difference method and the other is thermal resistance concept. In the performance evaluation, a radiator is installed into a test setup and the various parameters including mass flow rate of coolant, inlet coolant temperature etc. are varied. In the present analysis dilution level of thee coolant is varied and higher efficiency is attained. Thermal efficiency V/S change in temperature , Inlet temperature V/S thermal efficienc...

Thermal Science, 2019

Radiators represent the most spread heating body (installed since late 1800s) and in the last decades different radiators typologies have been proposed on the market, characterized by different materials, sizes, shapes, etc. Recent EU Directive on energy efficiency has set the obligation to install individual meters for space heating in building served by a central heating source. To this aim, when direct heat meters are not technically feasible, indirect systems like heat cost allocators are applied on each radiator in a dwelling and the knowledge of single radiators' thermal output is essential for an accurate and fair heat cost sharing. The EN 442:2014 describes a method for radiators' thermal output measurement whose expanded uncertainty is lower than 1% in reference laboratory conditions. However, radiators' thermal output is strongly dependent on installation and boundary conditions. Thus, to get radiators' thermal output at operating conditions "characteristic equations" are available but, unfortunately, they do not include any possible actual operating condition among which: installation position with respect to the wall and the floor, presence of grid/shelf/niche or an obstruction (e. g. caused by curtains), thermo-fluid-dynamic condition variations (inlet flow rate and temperature), and hydraulic connections. In this paper, the experimental results of thermal output measurement of different radiators typologies (cast iron, aluminum) at different installation conditions are presented, together with an analysis of the associate technical-economic effects on space heating cost sharing. Reductions of radiators' thermal output up to 15% due to hydraulic connections and between 10% and 20% due to flow-rate variations have been found. Furthermore, different installation conditions showed deviations between operating and standard radiators' thermal output between 5% and 15%.

Abstract— An Automotive engine cooling system takes out of excess heat produced during engine operation. An automobile cooling system regulates engine surface temperature for engine optimum efficiency. Recent advancement and development in engine for power forced engine cooling system to develop new strategies to improve its performance efficiency. Also to reduce fuel consumption along with controlling engine emission to mitigate environmental pollution norms. This paper throws light on parameters which influence radiator performance along with reviews some of the conventional and modern approaches to enhance radiator performance. This review paper Focus on the various research papers regarding experimental, CFD and Numerical analysis to improving automobile radiator efficiency.

2019

Bimasakti is a single-seater formula vehicle manufactured by UGM students which compete annually in the Japan Student Formula SAE Competition. To prevent the engine overheating, a proper design of the radiator should be considered. The developed radiator is expected to control heat dissipated produced by the engine and maintain the optimal engine temperature. In this study, the technical evaluations towards 2 radiator designs (namely as BM-R1 and BM-R2) were conducted in the viewpoint of thermal calculations. Here, water was used as a coolant liquid inside the radiator. The vehicle used a KTM 450 SX-F engine (450 cc) as the prime mover with maximum power of 44 kW. As the design requirements, we assumed that: 7.33 kW of heat (from the engine) should be exchanged by the radiator, the coolant temperature from the engine was assumed to be 95C, and the effectiveness is 0.25. As a result, the BM-R2 with the total heat transfer area of 2.86 m 2 could dissipate the heat of 9.16 kW which was better than BM-R1. Furthermore, result of this analytical study is expected to be an engineering input towards the simulation study of the radiator performance.

Journal of emerging technologies and innovative research, 2018

Abstract—Automotive engine cooling system takes care of excess heat produced during engine operation. It regulates engine surface temperature for engine optimum efficiency. Radiators are used for cooling internal combustion engines, mainly in automobiles but also in other places where such engines are used. An attempt has been made to carry out rigorous testing on thermal performance evaluation of radiator. This research work leads development for performance evaluation of various parameters including mass flow rate of coolant, inlet coolant temperature, air velocity, environment condition, etc. are varied and to study the force and natural convection of heat transfer on coolant as a water. Main objective of the said work is to increase the efficiency with high performance of automobile during daily life.

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