Non Hodjkins Lymphoma—An ENT experience

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, 2010

Primary non-Hodgkins's lymphoma is a very uncommon lesion, accounting for 0.6% in jaws. As the lesions frequently resemble other disease such as chronic osteomyelitis, odontogenic or any secondary neoplasms, further evaluation and histopathologic examination allow early identification for appropriate treatment. The purpose of this case report is to describe a rare case of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the mandible, explore the diagnosis and workup based on immunohistochemistry.

2015

Non Hodgkin lymphoma is a rare primary malignancy in the head and neck region. Head and neck is the second most common site for the extra-nodal lymphoma, next to gastrointestinal tract. Nasopharynx, tonsil, nose, paranasal sinuses, orbit and salivary glands are the other sites affected in head and neck region. Involvement of the oral cavity is uncommon. Among the jaw bones, maxilla is affected more commonly than the mandible. Primary NHL arising from mandible is extremely uncommon. To the best of our knowledge, very few cases of primary NHL arising from are reported in the literature.

Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) embody a diverse group of malignancies that originate from the lymphoid system. NHL often exhibit in an extranodal pattern, pertaining to the head and neck region. Intraoral sites are much less frequent, accounting for approximately 3.5% of all oral malignancies. Although the exact cause of NHL still remains inconspicuous, however, research has focused on some factors that may contribute to the development of lymphoma, including genetic factors, impaired immune system and viruses, such as HIV or EBV. Clinically, the bony lesion may present as localized or diffuse swelling, with low-grade pain, sweating, unexplained weight loss, fever, etc. Radiographically, these lesions resemble osteomyelitis or other malignancies creating a diagnostic dilemma. Microscopically, diffused lymphomas consist of large tumor cells with large nuclei that are more than twice the size of lymphocytes which may either exhibit centroblastic or immunoblastic features. Here, we report a rare case of NHL affecting the jaws of a 60-year-old male patient.

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

Background: Lymphoma is a malignant neoplasm of lymphoid tissue classified into Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's types. It mostly affects lymph nodes although a considerable proportion of Non-Hodgkin's cases occur in extranodal sites. Materials and Methods: Selected cases diagnosed as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) during the period of 1980 to 2012 were retrieved from the archives of the Oral Pathology Diagnostic Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya. The sections from the formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissue blocks were stained with H&E as well as with LCA, CD20, and CD3. Results: The mean age was 41.6 years with a male: female ratio of 1.3:1. Out of the forty two cases, nineteen were Malays, eighteen were Chinese, followed by Indians (3) and Indonesians (2). The most common site of involvement was the mandible (22.2%), followed by the maxilla and palate (19.4% each). Most of the lesions presented as a painless progressive swelling. Only thirty six cases were further subdivided into B or T cell types. The majority were B-cell type (26 cases), of these 6 cases were Burkitt's lymphomas. Only ten cases were T-cell lymphoma, with three cases of NK/T-cell lymphoma. Conclusions: In this series of 42 patients diagnosed as extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, the lesions appeared as painless swellings, mostly in men with the mandible as the most frequent site of involvement. Majority were B-cell lymphomas with Malays and Chinese being equally affected whereas lymphomas were rare in the Indian ethnicity. T-cell lymphomas were found to be common in the Chinese ethnic group.

JBN (Jurnal Bedah Nasional), 2019

Background: Extranodal lymphoma appears in about 40% of all lymphoma patients and has been reported in almost all tissue and organs. The most common site is the intestinal tract, followed by head and neck. There are many reports about extranodal lymphomas that arise in orbits, paranasal sinus and oral cavities, nasal, thyroid and salivary glands. These lymphomas usually do not destroy adjacent bone, unlike squamous cell carcinoma. Case: We would like to present an uncommon case of diffuse large B-cell extranodal lymphoma arising maxillofacial bone on buccal area that infiltrating to maxillary sinus and orbital, with bone destruction as well. The patient responded well with CEOP regimen chemotherapy and showed significant tumor regression with symptoms reduction. She just underwent the seventh series of chemotherapy now and planned to be restaging after eighth chemotherapy. Conclusion: Chemotherapy remains the treatment of choice for non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Surgery also takes place in modality choice of treatment of maxillary cancer, either a partial or total maxillectomy alone, or maxillectomy with craniofacial resection.

The Pan African Medical Journal, 2020

Lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of malignant tumours of the haematopoietic system characterized by an aberrant proliferation of mature lymphoid cells or their precursors and mainly represented by non-Hodgkin´s lymphomas (NHL). The aim of this paper was to report two cases of NHLs with mandibular locations by detailing their different clinical, radiological, and histopathological aspects, as well as the approach followed to diagnose these diseases and to provide patients with the appropriate therapeutic management. The first case is about a 72-year-old female patient who was diagnosed with a large B-cell lymphoma while the second one concerns a 16-year-old male patient who was diagnosed with a Burkitt’s lymphoma. These observations represent the two highly aggressive known NHLs according to the WHO classification. The mandibular locations of these diseases are rare and represent only 0.6% of all the reported cases. It is important to note that only a deep and good quality tumour ...

2014

Primary mandibular non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and soft tissues NHL of the maxillofacial are extremely rare representing a minimal percentage of the head and neck tumors. Two cases of bone and soft tissue maxillofacial NHL are reported. Clinical, radiological and pathological features are described and the therapeutic procedures are discussed accordingly. Mandibular radiologic features have been carefully analyzed and discussed to achieve an early and accurate diagnosis avoiding improper dental therapies.

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This is a table of contents with LINKS to all the chapters of my book: Schrödinger’s philosophy of quantum mechanics, Kluwer, 1996 The key to Schrödinger's philosophy of physics (especially quantum mechanics) is contained in a letter to Arthur Eddington dated March 22, 1940. There Schrödinger insists that Ernst Mach's radical empiricism and Ludwig Boltzmann's preference for rational "pictures" are not mutually exclusive strategies. Mach's empiricism is a good guide to a tabula rasa whenever unjustified old intellectual constructs impede a proper understanding of new physical phenomena. But this is only the first step of inquiry. Boltzmann's urge to visualize must be followed later, as a second step. This is how Schrödinger combined an extreme form of phenomenalism in his conception of particle-like entities, and quasi-realism in his interpretation of the wave function.