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Enrollment in Postsecondary Institutions, Fall 2009; Graduation Rates, 2003 & 2006 Cohorts; and Financial Statistics, Fiscal Year 2009 First Look NCES 2011-230 U . S . D E PA R T M E N T O F E D U C AT I O N Enrollment in Postsecondary Institutions, Fall 2009; Graduation Rates, 2003 & 2006 Cohorts; and Financial Statistics, Fiscal Year 2009 First Look FEBRUARY 2011 Laura G. Knapp Janice E. Kelly-Reid Scott A. Ginder RTI International NCES 2011-230 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION U.S. Department of Education Arne Duncan Secretary Institute of Education Sciences John Q. Easton Director National Center for Education Statistics Stuart Kerachsky Acting Commissioner The National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) is the primary federal entity for collecting, analyzing, and reporting data related to education in the United States and other nations. It fulfills a congressional mandate to collect, collate, analyze, and report full and complete statistics on the condition of education in the United States; conduct and publish reports and specialized analyses of the meaning and significance of such statistics; assist state and local education agencies in improving their statistical systems; and review and report on education activities in foreign countries. NCES activities are designed to address high-priority education data needs; provide consistent, reliable, complete, and accurate indicators of education status and trends; and report timely, useful, and high-quality data to the U.S. Department of Education, the Congress, the states, other education policymakers, practitioners, data users, and the general public. Unless specifically noted, all information contained herein is in the public domain. We strive to make our products available in a variety of formats and in language that is appropriate to a variety of audiences. You, as our customer, are the best judge of our success in communicating information effectively. If you have any comments or suggestions about this or any other NCES product or report, we would like to hear from you. Please direct your comments to NCES, IES, U.S. Department of Education 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006-5651 February 2011 The NCES Home Page address is http://nces.ed.gov. The NCES Publications and Products address is http://nces.ed.gov/pubsearch. This publication is only available online. To download, view, and print the report as a PDF file, go to the NCES World Wide Web Publications and Products address shown above. This report was prepared for the National Center for Education Statistics under Contract No. ED-IES-09-C-0006 with RTI International. Mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Suggested Citation Knapp, L.G., Kelly-Reid, J.E., and Ginder, S.A. (2011). Enrollment in Postsecondary Institutions, Fall 2009; Graduation Rates, 2003 & 2006 Cohorts; and Financial Statistics, Fiscal Year 2009 (NCES 2011-230). U.S. Department of Education. Washington, DC: National Center for Education Statistics. Retrieved [date] from http://nces.ed.gov/pubsearch. Content Contact Aurora D’Amico (202) 502-7334 [email protected] Foreword This First Look presents findings from the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) spring 2010 data collection. This collection included five components: Student Financial Aid for full-time, first-time degree/certificate-seeking undergraduate students for the 2008-09 academic year; Enrollment for fall 2009; Graduation Rates within 150 percent of normal program completion time for full-time, first-time degree/certificate-seeking undergraduate students beginning college in 2003 at 4-year institutions or in 2006 at less-than-4year institutions; Graduation Rates within 200 percent of normal program completion time for full-time, first-time degree/certificate-seeking undergraduate students beginning college in 2001 at 4-year institutions or in 2005 at less-than-4-year institutions; and Finance for fiscal year 2009. The data on which this report is based are available to researchers and the public through the IPEDS Data Center and the College Navigator. Both of these sources can be found at http://nces.ed.gov/ipeds. This First Look report is based on the collection of data from more than 6,700 postsecondary education institutions that participate in Title IV federal student financial aid programs. The purpose of this report is to introduce new data through the presentation of tables containing descriptive information, only selected findings are presented. These findings have been chosen to demonstrate the range of information available when using the IPEDS data rather than to discuss all of the observed differences, and they are not meant to emphasize any particular issue. We hope that the information provided in the report will be useful to a wide range of readers. Further, we hope that the results reported here will encourage researchers and others to make full use of the IPEDS data for analysis, for comparisons of peer institutions, or to help answer questions about postsecondary education institutions. Thomas Weko Associate Commissioner Postsecondary, Adult, and Career Education Division iii This page intentionally left blank. Acknowledgments The information presented in this publication was provided by either state coordinators for the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) or officials at individual institutions. In addition, these persons provided much assistance in resolving questions about their submitted data, which resulted in more accurate information. Their assistance was invaluable and is much appreciated. The U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics (NCES), and the Office for Civil Rights, with the approval of the Office of Management and Budget, cooperate in the collection of racial/ethnic and gender information from all postsecondary institutions that participate in the Enrollment and Completions components, and the Fall Staff section of the Human Resources component of the IPEDS survey. In this collaboration, data provided by postsecondary institutions are designated as Compliance Reports pursuant to the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (34 CFR 100.6(b)). v This page intentionally left blank. Contents Page Foreword ....................................................................................................................................... iii Acknowledgments ..........................................................................................................................v List of Tables .............................................................................................................................. viii Introduction ....................................................................................................................................1 IPEDS 2009-10 .............................................................................................................................1 Changes in Reporting Categories .................................................................................................1 Student Enrollment .......................................................................................................................2 Revenues and Expenses of Title IV Institutions ...........................................................................2 Graduation Rates...........................................................................................................................2 Graduation Rates 200....................................................................................................................3 Student Financial Aid ...................................................................................................................3 Focus of This Report.....................................................................................................................4 Selected Findings ............................................................................................................................5 Characteristics of Enrolled Students .............................................................................................5 Revenues and Expenses of Title IV Institutions ...........................................................................5 Graduation Rates...........................................................................................................................5 Student Financial Aid ...................................................................................................................6 Appendix A: Survey Methodology .......................................................................................... A-1 Overview.................................................................................................................................. A-1 Universe, Institutions Surveyed, and Response Rates ............................................................. A-1 Survey Components ............................................................................................................... A-13 Changes in Reporting Categories .......................................................................................... A-15 Survey Procedures ................................................................................................................. A-16 Edit Procedures ...................................................................................................................... A-18 Imputation Procedures ........................................................................................................... A-19 Graduation Rates 200............................................................................................................. A-31 Appendix B: Glossary of IPEDS Terms...................................................................................B-1 vii List of Tables Table Page 1. Enrollment at Title IV institutions, by control and level of institution, student level, attendance status, gender, and race/ethnicity: United States, fall 2009 ...............................7 2. Undergraduate enrollment at Title IV institutions, by first-time student status, attendance status, level of institution, institutional category, and control of institution: United States, fall 2009 .....................................................................................9 3. Enrollment in Title IV institutions, by attendance status, student age, and sector of institution: United States, fall 2009 ...................................................................................10 4. First-time degree/certificate-seeking undergraduate retention rates at Title IV institutions, by attendance status, level of institution, institutional category, and control of institution: United States, fall 2009 ...................................................................11 5. Revenues of Title IV institutions, by level and control of institution, accounting standards utilized, and source of funds: United States, fiscal year 2009 ...........................12 6. Expenses of Title IV institutions, by level and control of institution, accounting standards utilized, and type of expense: United States, fiscal year 2009 ..........................14 7. Graduation rates at Title IV institutions, by race/ethnicity, level and control of institution, gender, and degree at the institution where the students started as fulltime, first-time students: United States, cohort years 2003 and 2006 ...............................15 8. Graduation rates of bachelor’s or equivalent degree-seeking students at the 4-year Title IV institution where the students started as full-time, first-time students, by control of institution, gender, and time to degree after entry: United States, cohort year 2003............................................................................................................................17 9. Number and percentage of students in the full-time, first-time student cohort, bachelor’s or equivalent degree-seeking subcohort, and other than bachelor’s or equivalent degree-seeking subcohort at 4-year Title IV degree-granting institutions, by cohort year, control of institution, and institutional category: United States, cohort years 1997, 2000, and 2003 ....................................................................................18 10. Graduation rates of students at the Title IV institution where the students started as full-time, first-time students, by control of institution, level of institution, degree sought, degree completed, and time to degree: United States, cohort years 2001 and 2005....................................................................................................................................20 11. Number of full-time, first-time degree/certificate-seeking undergraduates enrolled and number and percentage of those receiving financial aid at Title IV institutions, by sector of institution: United States, academic years 2007-08 and 2008-09 ..................21 viii List of Tables—Continued Table Page 12. Number and percentage of full-time, first-time degree/certificate-seeking undergraduates and financial aid recipients and average amounts of financial aid received by full-time, first-time degree/certificate-seeking undergraduates at Title IV institutions, by sector of institution and type of aid: United States, academic year 2008-09 ......................................................................................................22 13. Number of undergraduates enrolled, number receiving a Pell grant, percentage receiving a Pell grant, and average Pell grant amount at Title IV institutions, by control and level of institution and type of undergraduate: United States, academic year 2008-09 ......................................................................................................................23 14. Average academic year price of attendance before aid and average academic year net price of attendance for full-time, first-time undergraduate students at Title IV institutions, by control of institution, level of institution, type of aid received, and income level: United States, academic year 2008-09 ........................................................24 A-1. Number of Title IV institutions and administrative offices in the universe and number and percentage of Title IV institutions and administrative offices responding to the IPEDS spring 2010 data collection, by survey component, degree-granting status, and level and control of institution/office: United States and other jurisdictions............................................................................................................ A-3 A-1a. Number of Title IV institutions and administrative offices in the universe and number and percentage of Title IV institutions and administrative offices responding to the IPEDS spring 2010 data collection, by survey component, degree-granting status, and level and control of institution/office: United States .......... A-6 A-2. Number of Title IV institutions and administrative offices in the universe and number and percentage of Title IV institutions responding to the IPEDS spring 2010 Enrollment component, by part, degree-granting status, and level and control of institution: United States and other jurisdictions ........................................................ A-9 A-2a. Number of Title IV institutions and administrative offices in the universe and number and percentage of Title IV institutions responding to the IPEDS spring 2010 Enrollment component, by part, degree-granting status, and level and control of institution: United States .......................................................................................... A-11 A-3. Enrollment and percentage imputed for all Title IV institutions, by control of institution, student level, attendance status, gender, degree-granting status, and age of student: United States, fall 2009 ............................................................................... A-21 A-4. Entering class of undergraduate students and percentage imputed for all Title IV academic year institutions, by control of institution and degree-granting status: United States, fall 2009 ................................................................................................. A-22 ix List of Tables—Continued Table Page A-5. Number and percentage of Title IV institutions with imputed 1-year retention rates for first-time degree/certificate-seeking undergraduate students, by control, degreegranting status, and attendance status: United States, fall 2009 ................................... A-22 A-6. Revenues and expenses and the percentages imputed for Title IV institutions, by control of institution and type of funds: United States, fiscal year 2009 ...................... A-24 A-7. Student graduation rate component counts and number and percentage imputed for all Title IV institutions, by control of institution and student level: United States, cohort years 2003 and 2006 .......................................................................................... A-27 A-8. Number of financial aid recipients and number and percentage imputed for all Title IV institutions, by type of aid and level and control of institution: United States, academic year 2008-09 ................................................................................................. A-30 A-9. Student graduation rate component counts and number and percentage imputed for all Title IV institutions, by control of institution and student level: United States, cohort years 2001 and 2005 .......................................................................................... A-32 x Introduction The Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) collects institution-level data from postsecondary institutions in the United States (50 states and the District of Columbia) and other jurisdictions.1 For IPEDS, a postsecondary institution is defined as an organization that is open to the public and has a primary mission of providing postsecondary education or training beyond the high school level. This definition includes institutions that offer academic, vocational, and continuing professional education programs and excludes institutions that offer only avocational (leisure) and adult basic education programs. IPEDS provides basic statistics on postsecondary institutions regarding tuition and fees, number and types of degrees and awards conferred, number of students enrolled, number of employees, financial statistics, graduation rates, and student financial aid. The Higher Education Amendments of 1992 makes the submission of data to IPEDS mandatory for any institution that participates or is applying to participate in any federal financial assistance program authorized by Title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965, as amended. As a result of this mandate, IPEDS response rates are nearly 100 percent, and the resulting database is used as the principal sampling frame for other postsecondary surveys. IPEDS 2009-10 Participation in IPEDS was required for institutions and administrative offices (central or system offices) that participated in Title IV federal student financial aid programs, such as Pell Grants or Stafford Loans, during the 2009-10 academic year.2 Accordingly, 6,896 institutions and 83 administrative offices (central or system offices) in the United States and other jurisdictions were expected to participate in the spring 2010 collection.3 See the Survey Components section of appendix A for further details regarding which institutions were required to complete each component. Changes in Reporting Categories Beginning in fall 2008, several changes began to take effect regarding reporting of data (1) by race/ethnicity, (2) by student level of study (undergraduate, graduate, and first-professional), and (3) within the Finance component. These changes are being phased in over several IPEDS collections. For more information regarding these changes, please see http://nces.ed.gov/ipeds/submit_data/changes0809.asp. Data presented in this report on students of Two or more races are based on only those institutions that reported using the optional new race/ethnicity categories and are not representative of all students who could be classified into Two or more races. As a result, data on race/ethnicity distributions reported in this First Look should be interpreted with caution. The percentage of institutions using new race/ethnicity 1 The other jurisdictions include American Samoa, the Federated States of Micronesia, Guam, the Marshall Islands, the Northern Marianas, Palau, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. 2 Institutions participating in Title IV programs are accredited by an agency or organization recognized by the Secretary of the U.S. Department of Education, have a program of more than 300 clock hours or 8 credit hours, have been in business for at least 2 years, and have a signed Program Participation Agreement (PPA) with the Office of Postsecondary Education (OPE), U.S. Department of Education. 3 Ten additional institutions were not expected to participate because they closed during the 2009-10 academic year. 1 categories varies by component. The count of institutions using the new categories is included in each applicable table in this report and on page A-16 of appendix A. Data on first-professional enrollment is no longer collected; students previously reported in the first-professional category are now reported under the graduate category. Revisions to the Finance component are intended to facilitate comparison between public and private institutions, and consist of additions to and deletions of the categories to which revenues and expenses are allocated. No additional sources of revenue or expenses are being reported, so total revenues and expenses will not be affected. Comparisons of race/ethnicity data, enrollment counts, and financial characteristics from prior IPEDS collections to the data presented in this First Look should be undertaken with caution as a result of these changes. Please see the Changes in Reporting Categories section of appendix A for details. Student Enrollment The 2010 Enrollment (EF) component collected enrollment data for fall 2009. The EF component was required of 6,8834 Title IV institutions in the United States and other jurisdictions, and 6,876, or 99.9 percent, responded. Of the institutions in the United States (excluding any other jurisdictions), 6,730 were required to complete this component and 6,724, or 99.9 percent, responded. Revenues and Expenses of Title IV Institutions The 2010 Finance (F) component collected financial statistics for fiscal year 2009. This component was required of 6,8755 institutions and 83 administrative offices in the United States and other jurisdictions, and 6,944, or 99.8 percent of the 6,958 Title IV entities, responded. Of the institutions and administrative offices in the United States (excluding any other jurisdictions), 6,802 were required to complete this component and 6,789, or 99.8 percent, responded. The Finance component is designed to follow the format of institutional financial statements suggested by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and the Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB). Most public institutions follow GASB, so the figures in this report for public institutions represent those following GASB standards.6 Aggregate totals for public institutions using FASB standards are included in the footnotes of tables displaying Finance data. All private institutions use FASB standards. Graduation Rates The 2010 Graduation Rates (GRS) component collected counts of full-time, first-time7 degree/certificate-seeking undergraduate students beginning college in the reference period, and their completion status as of August 31, 2009 (150 percent of normal program completion time) at the same institution where the students started. Four-year institutions use cohort year 2003 as the reference period, while less-than-4-year institutions use cohort year 2006 as the reference 4 Of the 6,888 institutions eligible for at least one component of the spring data collection, 5 were not eligible for the Enrollment component because they closed. 5 Of the 6,888 institutions eligible for at least one component of the spring data collection, 13 were not eligible for the Finance component because they were not in operation during fiscal year 2009. 6 Ninety-nine percent of public institutions used GASB, and 1 percent used FASB. 7 Throughout this publication, the term “first-time” refers to students who have not attended any institution previously. See the glossary for further definition of a first-time student. 2 period. For 4-year institutions operating on standard academic terms (semester, trimester, quarter), students beginning in cohort year 2003 are those who first attended college in the fall of the 2003-04 academic year. For 4-year institutions operating on other than standard academic terms, students beginning in cohort year 2003 are those who first attended college between September 1, 2003, and August 31, 2004. Similarly, for less-than-4-year institutions operating on standard academic terms, students beginning in cohort year 2006 are those who first attended college in the fall of the 2006-07 academic year. For less-than-4-year institutions operating on other than standard academic terms, students beginning in cohort year 2006 are those who first attended college between September 1, 2006, and August 31, 2007. The GRS component was required of all Title IV institutions that had full-time, first-time degree/certificate-seeking undergraduate students in the reference period. For this collection, 6,093 institutions in the United States and other jurisdictions were required to respond; of these, 6,081, or 99.8 percent, responded. Of the institutions in the United States (excluding any other jurisdictions), 5,949 were required to complete this component and 5,938, or 99.8 percent, responded. Graduation Rates 200 The 2010 Graduation Rates 200 (GR200) component collected counts of full-time, first-time degree/certificate-seeking undergraduate students beginning college in the reference period, and their completion status as of August 31, 2009 (200 percent of normal program completion time) at the same institution where the students started. Four-year institutions report on bachelor’s or equivalent degree seeking students and use cohort year 2001 as the reference period, while lessthan-4-year institutions use cohort year 2005 as the reference period and report on all students in the cohort. For 4-year institutions operating on standard academic terms, students beginning in cohort year 2001 are those who first attended college in the fall of the 2001-02 academic year. For 4-year institutions operating on other than standard academic terms, students beginning in cohort year 2001 are those who first attended college between September 1, 2001, and August 31, 2002. Similarly, for less-than-4-year institutions operating on standard academic terms, students beginning in cohort year 2005 are those who first attended college in the fall of the 2005-06 academic year. For less-than-4-year institutions operating on other than standard academic terms, students beginning in cohort year 2005 are those who first attended college between September 1, 2005, and August 31, 2006. The GR200 component was required of all Title IV institutions that had full-time, first-time degree/certificate-seeking undergraduate students in the reference period. For this collection, 5,638 institutions in the United States and other jurisdictions were required to respond; of these, 5,626, or 99.8 percent, responded. Of the institutions in the United States (excluding any other jurisdictions), 5,505 were required to complete this component and 5,494, or 99.8 percent, responded. Student Financial Aid The 2010 Student Financial Aid (SFA) component collected data on the number of full-time, first-time degree/certificate-seeking undergraduate financial aid recipients for the 2008-09 academic year. The SFA component was required of all Title IV institutions that had undergraduate students. As a result, for this collection, 6,565 institutions in the United States and other jurisdictions were required to complete the SFA component. Of these, 6,547, or 99.7 percent, responded. Of the institutions in the United States (excluding any other jurisdictions), 6,417 were required to complete this component and 6,400, or 99.7 percent, responded. 3 See the Survey Components section of appendix A for further details regarding which institutions were required to complete each component. In addition, a response and applicability indicator variable for each component is available for each institution in the data available for download from the IPEDS Data Center. Focus of This Report Tabulations in this report present selected data items collected from the 6,735 Title IV institutions in the United States (excluding those in other jurisdictions) that were required to respond to one or more components of the spring 2010 collection. In addition, 80 administrative offices in the United States were required to complete the Finance component and are included in the Finance tabulations. Additional detailed information is available through the various IPEDS web tools, such as the IPEDS Data Center. Information regarding IPEDS survey procedures and response rates is provided in appendix A. Detailed definitions of terms used in this report are provided in appendix B. Table 9 in this First Look displays trends over time. The time points displayed were chosen to demonstrate the range of data available from IPEDS for trend analysis, not to emphasize any particular period of change. 4 Selected Findings Characteristics of Enrolled Students  In fall 2009, Title IV institutions in the United States enrolled a total of 21 million undergraduate and graduate students; 62 percent were enrolled in 4-year institutions, 37 percent were enrolled in 2-year institutions, and 2 percent were enrolled in less-than-2-year institutions (table 1).  Overall, 15 percent of undergraduates were first-time students enrolled full-time (table 2). An additional 4 percent of undergraduates were first-time students enrolled part-time; 49 percent were other than first-time students enrolled full-time; and 32 percent were other than firsttime students enrolled part-time.  Among 9.3 million 18- to 24 year-olds enrolled full-time, 49 percent were enrolled at public 4-year institutions, 22 percent at public 2-year institutions, 22 percent at private not-for-profit 4-year institutions, and the remaining 7 percent were enrolled across the other sectors (table 3). The distribution across sectors changes when considering the 2.6 million 18- to 24 yearolds enrolled part-time; 24 percent were enrolled at public 4-year institutions, 65 percent at public 2-year institutions, 6 percent at private not-for-profit 4-year institutions, and the remaining 5 percent were enrolled across the other sectors.  Overall, first-time degree/certificate-seeking undergraduate first-year retention rates were higher for students attending full-time (72 percent) than for students attending part-time (42 percent) (table 4). Revenues and Expenses of Title IV Institutions  Four-year public institutions received 20 percent of their revenues from tuition and fees, compared to 78 percent at private not-for-profit institutions, and 88 percent at private forprofit institutions (table 5).  At public 4-year institutions, 27 percent of expenses were for instruction, compared to 40 percent of expenses at public 2-year institutions and 55 percent of expenses at public lessthan-2-year institutions (table 6). Graduation Rates  Approximately 57 percent of full-time, first-time bachelor’s or equivalent degree-seekers in 2003 attending 4-year institutions completed a bachelor’s or equivalent degree at the institution where they began their studies within 6 years (table 7).  Institutional graduation rates of full-time, first-time bachelor’s or equivalent-seeking students attending 4-year institutions in 2003 were higher at private not-for-profit institutions than at public or private for-profit institutions (table 8). For example, the 4-year graduation rate of all bachelor’s-seeking students was 51 percent at private not-for-profit institutions, 31 percent at public institutions, and 13 percent at private, for-profit institutions.  The proportion of the total cohort made up of bachelors or equivalent degree-seeking students at 4-year institutions varied by control of institution. For example, 92 percent of 5 those attending public institutions in 2003 were seeking a bachelor’s or equivalent degree, as were 94 percent of those attending private not-for-profit institutions and 45 percent of those attending private for-profit institutions (table 9).  Institutional graduation rates of students at 2-year institutions who were full-time, first-time students in 2005 doubled from 18 percent to 37 percent when the time students were tracked was extended from within 100 percent of normal time to program completion to within 200 percent of normal time (table 10). At less-than-2-year institutions, graduation rates increased from 44 percent (at 100 percent of normal completion time) to 71 percent (at 200 percent of normal program completion time). Student Financial Aid  During the 2008-09 academic year, institutions reported that 79 percent of the 3.1 million full-time, first-time degree/certificate-seeking undergraduates attending Title IV institutions located in the United States received financial aid (table 11).  Proportions of full-time, first-time degree/certificate-seeking undergraduates reported by institutions to be receiving aid in academic year 2008-09 varied by institution sector: 79 percent of those attending public 4-year institutions; 87 percent of those attending private not-for-profit 4-year institutions; and 86 percent of those attending private for-profit 4-year institutions received some type of financial aid (table 11).  Institutions reported that approximately 51 percent of full-time, first-time degree/certificateseeking undergraduate students borrowed through an education loan program during the 2008-09 academic year (table 12). Borrowing varied by institution sector: 47 percent of those attending public 4-year institutions; 61 percent of those attending private not-for-profit 4year institutions; and 81 percent of those attending private for-profit 4-year institutions borrowed through an education loan program during the 2008-09 academic year.  Proportions of undergraduates reported by institutions to be receiving Pell Grants varied by institution sector: 26 percent of those attending public 4-year institutions; 24 percent of those attending private not-for-profit 4-year institutions; and 43 percent of those attending private for-profit 4-year institutions received a Pell Grant (table 13). Likewise, proportions of undergraduates reported by institutions to be receiving Pell Grants varied by type of undergraduate: 40 percent of full-time, first-time undergraduates and 26 percent of other undergraduates received a Pell Grant.  Differences in average price of attendance before aid and average net price of attendance8 after grant aid varied by institution sector for full-time, first-time undergraduate students receiving any grant aid. For those attending public 4-year institutions, average price before aid was $16,271 and average net price was $10,747; for those attending private not-for-profit 4-year institutions, average price before aid was $31,401 and average net price was $19,009; and for those attending private for-profit 4-year institutions, average price before aid was $26,976 and average net price was $23,057 (table 14). Net price of attendance is calculated as the institution’s price of attendance before aid minus the average grant aid received by the students whose net price is being described. The calculation of net price of attendance does not include loan aid. 8 6 Table 1. Enrollment at Title IV institutions, by control and level of institution, student level, attendance status, gender, and race/ethnicity: United States, fall 2009 Level of institution, student level, attendance status, gender, and race/ethnicity Total Public Number Percent 20,966,826 100.0 14,936,382 4-year Undergraduate Full time Part time 12,906,743 10,044,034 7,894,895 2,149,139 61.6 47.9 37.7 10.3 Men Women 4,398,939 5,645,095 Private not-for-profit Number Percent 100.0 3,791,418 100.0 2,239,026 100.0 7,709,240 6,285,149 4,904,272 1,380,877 51.6 42.1 32.8 9.2 3,730,666 2,558,713 2,119,990 438,723 98.4 67.5 55.9 11.6 1,466,837 1,200,172 870,633 329,539 65.5 53.6 38.9 14.7 21.0 26.9 2,867,053 3,418,096 19.2 22.9 1,090,851 1,467,862 28.8 38.7 441,035 759,137 19.7 33.9 90,160 0.4 62,676 0.4 17,354 0.5 10,130 0.5 582,604 1,271,636 949,304 5,928,302 40,759 907,005 274,264 2.8 6.1 4.5 28.3 0.2 4.3 1.3 420,373 726,377 664,245 3,889,351 26,812 329,786 165,529 2.8 4.9 4.4 26.0 0.2 2.2 1.1 133,286 294,799 171,152 1,589,786 8,270 250,063 94,003 3.5 7.8 4.5 41.9 0.2 6.6 2.5 28,945 250,460 113,907 449,165 5,677 327,156 14,732 1.3 11.2 5.1 20.1 0.3 14.6 0.7 2,862,709 1,579,602 1,283,107 13.7 7.5 6.1 1,424,091 745,484 678,607 9.5 5.0 4.5 1,171,953 663,522 508,431 30.9 17.5 13.4 266,665 170,596 96,069 11.9 7.6 4.3 1,174,107 1,688,602 5.6 8.1 592,286 831,805 4.0 5.6 495,034 676,919 13.1 17.9 86,787 179,878 3.9 8.0 16,356 0.1 9,705 0.1 4,858 0.1 1,793 0.1 168,242 296,751 159,616 1,587,912 5,811 322,466 305,555 0.8 1.4 0.8 7.6 # 1.5 1.5 80,649 123,719 84,429 847,564 2,712 97,321 177,992 0.5 0.8 0.6 5.7 # 0.7 1.2 77,382 104,864 61,125 640,418 2,567 161,606 119,133 2.0 2.8 1.6 16.9 0.1 4.3 3.1 10,211 68,168 14,062 99,930 532 63,539 8,430 0.5 3.0 0.6 4.5 # 2.8 0.4 2 7,674,744 3,372,543 4,302,201 36.6 16.1 20.5 7,160,665 2,918,050 4,242,615 47.9 19.5 28.4 46,579 33,483 13,096 1.2 0.9 0.3 467,500 421,010 46,490 20.9 18.8 2.1 Men Women 3,271,579 4,403,165 15.6 21.0 3,082,714 4,077,951 20.6 27.3 15,157 31,422 0.4 0.8 173,708 293,792 7.8 13.1 85,651 0.4 80,555 0.5 1,415 # 3,681 0.2 444,999 1,090,172 1,200,618 4,097,963 41,008 614,993 99,340 2.1 5.2 5.7 19.5 0.2 2.9 0.5 427,096 973,438 1,109,397 3,878,491 35,808 559,894 95,986 2.9 6.5 7.4 26.0 0.2 3.7 0.6 2,150 8,357 3,585 26,495 195 3,206 1,176 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.7 # 0.1 # 15,753 108,377 87,636 192,977 5,005 51,893 2,178 0.7 4.8 3.9 8.6 0.2 2.3 0.1 Total students American Indian or Alaska Native Asian, Native Hawaiian, or Pacific Islander Black or African American Hispanic or Latino White 1 Two or more races Race/ethnicity unknown Nonresident alien Graduate Full time Part time Men Women American Indian or Alaska Native Asian, Native Hawaiian, or Pacific Islander Black or African American Hispanic or Latino White 1 Two or more races Race/ethnicity unknown Nonresident alien 2-year Full time Part time American Indian or Alaska Native Asian, Native Hawaiian, or Pacific Islander Black or African American Hispanic or Latino White 1 Two or more races Race/ethnicity unknown Nonresident alien Number Percent Private for-profit See notes at end of table. 7 Number Percent Table 1. Enrollment at Title IV institutions, by control and level of institution, student level, attendance status, gender, and race/ethnicity: United States, fall 2009—Continued Level of institution, student level, attendance status, gender, and race/ethnicity Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Less-than-2-year Full time Part time 385,339 316,180 69,159 1.8 1.5 0.3 66,477 40,507 25,970 0.4 0.3 0.2 14,173 11,723 2,450 0.4 0.3 0.1 304,689 263,950 40,739 13.6 11.8 1.8 107,952 277,387 0.5 1.3 28,461 38,016 0.2 0.3 5,418 8,755 0.1 0.2 74,073 230,616 3.3 10.3 Men Women Total Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit American Indian or Alaska Native 4,384 # 2,228 # 116 # 2,040 0.1 Asian, Native Hawaiian, or Pacific 13,938 0.1 2,231 # 1,001 # 10,706 0.5 Islander Black or African American 94,105 0.4 9,660 0.1 3,630 0.1 80,815 3.6 Hispanic or Latino 94,925 0.5 16,246 0.1 5,070 0.1 73,609 3.3 White 146,237 0.7 34,381 0.2 3,891 0.1 107,965 4.8 1 Two or more races 1,978 # 169 # 28 # 1,781 0.1 Race/ethnicity unknown 27,319 0.1 1,446 # 336 # 25,537 1.1 Nonresident alien 2,453 # 116 # 101 # 2,236 0.1 # Rounds to zero. 1 Two or more races was an optional reporting category in IPEDS 2009-10, and a total of 1,931 institutions reported an enrollment of 89,556 students of Two or more races (0.4 percent of the 20,966,826 total students) using this option. The figures reported here should not be considered representative of the total number of individuals who could be classified into Two or more races. 2 Includes one student enrolled in graduate-level courses at one 2-year institution. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Percentages in the columns of this table use the corresponding count in the ‘Total students’ row as the denominator. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2010, Enrollment component. 8 Table 2. Undergraduate enrollment at Title IV institutions, by first-time student status, attendance status, level of institution, institutional category, and control of institution: United States, fall 2009 Level of institution, institutional category, and control All institutions All students Total Percent Full-time First-time students Percent Part-time Percent Other than first-time students Full-time Percent Part-time Percent 18,104,116 100.0 2,766,099 15.3 657,781 3.6 8,817,519 48.7 5,862,717 32.4 10,044,034 6,285,149 2,558,713 1,200,172 7,674,743 7,160,664 46,579 467,500 385,339 66,477 14,173 304,689 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1,670,801 1,019,228 491,139 160,434 959,210 812,064 10,839 136,307 136,088 17,242 4,925 113,921 16.6 16.2 19.2 13.4 12.5 11.3 23.3 29.2 35.3 25.9 34.7 37.4 133,274 71,541 14,028 47,705 499,497 488,151 1,216 10,130 25,010 8,150 780 16,080 1.3 1.1 0.5 4.0 6.5 6.8 2.6 2.2 6.5 12.3 5.5 5.3 6,224,094 3,885,044 1,628,851 710,199 2,413,333 2,105,986 22,644 284,703 180,092 23,265 6,798 150,029 62.0 61.8 63.7 59.2 31.4 29.4 48.6 60.9 46.7 35.0 48.0 49.2 2,015,865 1,309,336 424,695 281,834 3,802,703 3,754,463 11,880 36,360 44,149 17,820 1,670 24,659 20.1 20.8 16.6 23.5 49.5 52.4 25.5 7.8 11.5 26.8 11.8 8.1 1,198 0 1,198 0 100.0 † 100.0 † 253 0 253 0 21.1 † 21.1 † 14 0 14 0 1.2 † 1.2 † 882 0 882 0 73.6 † 73.6 † 49 0 49 0 4.1 † 4.1 † Degree-granting, primarily baccalaureate or above Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 8,888,520 5,642,583 2,423,996 821,941 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1,495,989 938,264 471,080 86,645 16.8 16.6 19.4 10.5 73,622 32,859 11,316 29,447 0.8 0.6 0.5 3.6 5,762,021 3,674,321 1,577,019 510,681 64.8 65.1 65.1 62.1 1,556,888 997,139 364,581 195,168 17.5 17.7 15.0 23.7 Degree-granting, not primarily baccalaureate or above Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 1,130,281 618,784 133,400 378,097 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 171,628 78,075 19,784 73,769 15.2 12.6 14.8 19.5 57,745 36,789 2,698 18,258 5.1 5.9 2.0 4.8 454,149 203,892 50,853 199,404 40.2 33.0 38.1 52.7 446,759 300,028 60,065 86,666 39.5 48.5 45.0 22.9 Degree-granting, associate's and certificates Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 7,545,321 7,125,226 34,767 385,328 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 918,970 797,767 8,885 112,318 12.2 11.2 25.6 29.1 492,016 482,645 977 8,394 6.5 6.8 2.8 2.2 2,339,607 2,092,584 14,598 232,425 31.0 29.4 42.0 60.3 3,794,728 3,752,230 10,307 32,191 50.3 52.7 29.6 8.4 Non-degree-granting, above the baccalaureate Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 119 0 119 0 100.0 † 100.0 † 22 0 22 0 18.5 † 18.5 † 0 0 0 0 0.0 † 0.0 † 97 0 97 0 81.5 † 81.5 † 0 0 0 0 0.0 † 0.0 † 4-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit Less-than-2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit Degree-granting, graduate with no undergraduate degrees Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit Non-degree-granting, sub538,677 100.0 179,237 33.3 34,384 6.4 260,763 48.4 64,293 11.9 baccalaureate Public 125,697 100.0 34,428 27.4 15,549 12.4 43,498 34.6 32,222 25.6 Private not-for-profit 25,985 100.0 6,879 26.5 1,019 3.9 14,844 57.1 3,243 12.5 Private for-profit 386,995 100.0 137,930 35.6 17,816 4.6 202,421 52.3 28,828 7.4 † Not applicable. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Percentages in the rows of this table use the corresponding count in the ‘All students’ column as the denominator. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2010, Enrollment component. 9 Table 3. Enrollment in Title IV institutions, by attendance status, student age, and sector of institution: United States, fall 2009 Student age and sector of institution Total students Total students Number Percent Full-time Number Percent Part-time Number Percent 20,966,826 100.0 13,163,220 100.0 7,803,606 100.0 Under 18 Public 4-year Public 2-year Public less-than-2-year Private not-for-profit 4-year Private not-for-profit 2-year Private not-for-profit less-than-2-year Private for-profit 4-year Private for-profit 2-year Private for-profit less-than-2-year 775,037 183,963 507,742 6,199 65,185 994 217 3,267 3,259 4,211 100.0 23.7 65.5 0.8 8.4 0.1 # 0.4 0.4 0.5 183,327 68,954 73,583 620 31,142 315 132 2,248 2,979 3,354 100.0 37.6 40.1 0.3 17.0 0.2 0.1 1.2 1.6 1.8 591,710 115,009 434,159 5,579 34,043 679 85 1,019 280 857 100.0 19.4 73.4 0.9 5.8 0.1 # 0.2 # 0.1 18-24 Public 4-year Public 2-year Public less-than-2-year Private not-for-profit 4-year Private not-for-profit 2-year Private not-for-profit less-than-2-year Private for-profit 4-year Private for-profit 2-year Private for-profit less-than-2-year 11,867,176 5,148,882 3,752,821 23,225 2,174,611 23,726 4,786 367,824 227,539 143,762 100.0 43.4 31.6 0.2 18.3 0.2 # 3.1 1.9 1.2 9,300,763 4,534,695 2,078,856 14,907 2,024,572 19,744 4,098 285,914 210,404 127,573 100.0 48.8 22.4 0.2 21.8 0.2 # 3.1 2.3 1.4 2,566,413 614,187 1,673,965 8,318 150,039 3,982 688 81,910 17,135 16,189 100.0 23.9 65.2 0.3 5.8 0.2 # 3.2 0.7 0.6 25-39 Public 4-year 1 Public 2-year Public less-than-2-year Private not-for-profit 4-year Private not-for-profit 2-year Private not-for-profit less-than-2-year Private for-profit 4-year Private for-profit 2-year Private for-profit less-than-2-year 5,919,985 1,831,883 1,934,696 23,358 1,057,429 15,920 5,914 758,587 176,333 115,865 100.0 30.9 32.7 0.4 17.9 0.3 0.1 12.8 3.0 2.0 2,874,887 906,657 572,278 16,630 580,251 10,105 4,933 530,036 155,830 98,167 100.0 31.5 19.9 0.6 20.2 0.4 0.2 18.4 5.4 3.4 3,045,098 925,226 1,362,418 6,728 477,178 5,815 981 228,551 20,503 17,698 100.0 30.4 44.7 0.2 15.7 0.2 # 7.5 0.7 0.6 40 and over Public 4-year Public 2-year Public less-than-2-year Private not-for-profit 4-year Private not-for-profit 2-year Private not-for-profit less-than-2-year Private for-profit 4-year Private for-profit 2-year Private for-profit less-than-2-year 2,322,863 535,446 946,031 12,074 399,559 5,723 3,137 330,890 54,923 35,080 100.0 23.1 40.7 0.5 17.2 0.2 0.1 14.2 2.4 1.5 769,660 135,728 188,741 7,642 136,345 3,168 2,443 219,178 46,837 29,578 100.0 17.6 24.5 1.0 17.7 0.4 0.3 28.5 6.1 3.8 1,553,203 399,718 757,290 4,432 263,214 2,555 694 111,712 8,086 5,502 100.0 25.7 48.8 0.3 16.9 0.2 # 7.2 0.5 0.4 Age unknown 81,765 100.0 34,583 100.0 47,182 100.0 Public 4-year 9,066 11.1 3,722 10.8 5,344 11.3 Public 2-year 19,375 23.7 4,592 13.3 14,783 31.3 Public less-than-2-year 1,621 2.0 708 2.0 913 1.9 Private not-for-profit 4-year 33,882 41.4 11,202 32.4 22,680 48.1 Private not-for-profit 2-year 216 0.3 151 0.4 65 0.1 Private not-for-profit less-than-2-year 119 0.1 117 0.3 2 # Private for-profit 4-year 6,269 7.7 3,853 11.1 2,416 5.1 Private for-profit 2-year 5,446 6.7 4,960 14.3 486 1.0 Private for-profit less-than-2-year 5,771 7.1 5,278 15.3 493 1.0 # Rounds to zero. 1 Includes one student enrolled in graduate-level courses at one institution. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Percentages in the columns of this table use the corresponding count in the appropriate student age subtotal row as the denominator. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2010, Enrollment component. 10 Table 4. First-time degree/certificate-seeking undergraduate retention rates at Title IV institutions, by attendance status, level of institution, institutional category, and control of institution: United States, fall 2009 Level of institution, institutional category, and control All institutions 4-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit Less-than-2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit Degree-granting, graduate with no undergraduate degrees Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit Degree-granting, primarily baccalaureate or above Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit Degree-granting, not primarily baccalaureate or above Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit Degree-granting, associate's and certificates Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit Non-degree-granting, above the baccalaureate Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit Full-time adjusted cohort, fall 2008 Full-time Still enrolled retention rate (%) fall 2009 Part-time adjusted cohort, fall 2008 Still enrolled fall 2009 Part-time retention rate (%) 2,438,579 1,752,561 71.9 553,658 235,283 42.5 1,512,005 973,089 468,249 70,667 826,354 697,721 9,833 118,800 100,220 15,290 7,145 77,785 1,176,994 765,163 373,373 38,458 501,171 412,751 5,982 82,438 74,396 11,809 5,728 56,859 77.8 78.6 79.7 54.4 60.6 59.2 60.8 69.4 74.2 77.2 80.2 73.1 97,051 63,932 9,883 23,236 432,391 420,794 1,571 10,026 24,216 9,094 1,046 14,076 45,678 31,910 4,772 8,996 171,718 165,108 877 5,733 17,887 6,949 862 10,076 47.1 49.9 48.3 38.7 39.7 39.2 55.8 57.2 73.9 76.4 82.4 71.6 243 0 243 0 220 † 220 † 90.5 † 90.5 † 8 0 8 0 5 † 5 † 62.5 † 62.5 † 1,412,042 917,538 459,931 34,573 1,117,162 729,594 368,069 19,499 79.1 79.5 80.0 56.4 55,461 29,441 9,174 16,846 25,983 15,417 4,366 6,200 46.8 52.4 47.6 36.8 93,988 49,856 8,046 36,086 56,541 32,524 5,063 18,954 60.2 65.2 62.9 52.5 31,892 24,801 701 6,390 15,379 12,182 401 2,796 48.2 49.1 57.2 43.8 790,032 687,385 7,933 94,714 473,275 405,062 4,759 63,454 59.9 58.9 60.0 67.0 432,258 423,000 1,330 7,928 169,469 164,626 705 4,138 39.2 38.9 53.0 52.2 29 0 29 0 21 † 21 † 72.4 † 72.4 † 0 0 0 0 † † † † † † † † Non-degree-granting, subbaccalaureate 142,245 105,342 74.1 34,039 24,447 71.8 Public 31,321 22,543 72.0 16,578 11,742 70.8 Private not-for-profit 9,045 6,951 76.8 1,287 1,034 80.3 Private for-profit 101,879 75,848 74.4 16,174 11,671 72.2 † Not applicable. NOTE: For 4-year institutions, retention rate is the percentage of first-time bachelor’s (or equivalent) degree-seeking undergraduates from the previous fall who are again enrolled in the current fall. For all other institutions, retention rate is the percentage of first-time degree/certificate-seeking students from the previous fall who either re-enrolled or successfully completed their program by the current fall. Attendance status (full- or part-time) was determined in fall 2008. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2010, Enrollment component. 11 Table 5. Revenues of Title IV institutions, by level and control of institution, accounting standards utilized, and source of funds: United States, fiscal year 2009 4-year Revenues (in thousands) Percent Source of funds 2-year Revenues (in thousands) Percent Less-than-2-year Revenues (in thousands) Percent Public institutions using GASB standards Total revenues and other sources Operating revenues Tuition and fees (net of allowances and discounts) Grants and contracts Federal (excludes FDSL loans) State Local Sales and services of auxiliary enterprises after deducting discounts and allowances Sales and services of hospitals Independent operations 2 Other operating revenues Nonoperating revenues Federal appropriations State appropriations Local appropriations Nonoperating grants Federal State Local Gifts Investment income Other nonoperating revenues Total other revenues and additions 3 Capital appropriations Capital grants and gifts Additions to permanent endowments Other revenues and additions 1 $209,210,654 100.0 $51,624,874 100.0 $691,145 100.0 136,240,127 65.1 15,758,431 30.5 300,902 43.5 41,013,004 37,318,508 23,066,318 5,226,855 9,025,335 19.6 17.8 11.0 2.5 4.3 8,438,517 4,456,899 1,933,218 1,921,640 602,042 16.3 8.6 3.7 3.7 1.2 138,513 125,254 33,129 53,029 39,096 20.0 18.1 4.8 7.7 5.7 18,741,573 25,274,181 1,014,727 12,878,134 9.0 12.1 0.5 6.2 1,965,459 0 0 897,556 3.8 0.0 0.0 1.7 0 0 0 37,136 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.4 59,623,058 28.5 33,064,312 64.0 370,381 53.6 1,912,583 50,062,161 484,689 8,286,846 6,425,434 1,729,985 131,427 5,049,570 -8,774,562 2,601,770 0.9 23.9 0.2 4.0 3.1 0.8 0.1 2.4 † 1.2 87,445 14,836,329 9,458,674 7,537,384 6,396,444 1,006,432 134,508 258,947 474,050 411,483 0.2 28.7 18.3 14.6 12.4 1.9 0.3 0.5 0.9 0.8 2,611 177,852 112,429 61,807 55,981 3,984 1,842 3,132 2,822 9,728 0.4 25.7 16.3 8.9 8.1 0.6 0.3 0.5 0.4 1.4 6.4 2,802,131 5.4 19,861 2.9 2.4 1.2 0.4 2.4 2,050,885 384,498 13,263 342,236 4.0 0.7 # 0.7 — — — — — — — — 13,347,469 4 4,987,773 2,554,107 830,264 4,975,326 5 Private not-for-profit institutions (FASB standards) Total revenues and investment return Tuition and fees Government appropriations Federal State Local Government grants and contracts Federal State Local Private gifts, grants, and contracts Contributions from affiliated entities Investment return Sales and services of educational activities Sales and services of auxiliary enterprises Hospital revenue Independent operations revenue Other revenue $68,608,216 100.0 $559,369 100.0 $132,088 100.0 53,411,156 1,016,643 497,337 516,460 2,846 16,929,714 15,078,087 1,280,237 571,389 16,359,876 1,267,840 -64,200,292 4,786,214 13,522,267 14,802,999 5,399,557 5,312,242 77.8 1.5 0.7 0.8 # 24.7 22.0 1.9 0.8 23.8 1.8 † 7.0 19.7 21.6 7.9 7.7 361,961 22,176 14,002 7,735 439 86,699 66,919 19,018 762 34,882 29,592 -32,372 7,572 36,816 0 0 12,043 64.7 4.0 2.5 1.4 0.1 15.5 12.0 3.4 0.1 6.2 5.3 † 1.4 6.6 0.0 0.0 2.2 97,807 750 0 750 0 37,726 26,810 9,335 1,581 6,478 597 -21,675 10,140 0 0 0 264 74.0 0.6 0.0 0.6 0.0 28.6 20.3 7.1 1.2 4.9 0.5 † 7.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 See notes at end of table. 12 Table 5. Revenues of Title IV institutions, by level and control of institution, accounting standards utilized, and source of funds: United States, fiscal year 2009—Continued Source of funds 4-year Revenues (in thousands) Percent 2-year Revenues (in thousands) Percent Less-than-2-year Revenues (in thousands) Percent Private for-profit institutions (FASB standards) Total revenues and investment return $14,766,434 100.0 $5,543,906 100.0 $3,094,809 100.0 Tuition and fees 12,955,013 87.7 4,532,274 81.8 2,534,731 81.9 Government appropriations, grants, and contracts 977,524 6.6 659,899 11.9 279,862 9.0 Federal 897,503 6.1 605,506 10.9 264,912 8.6 State and local 80,021 0.5 54,393 1.0 14,950 0.5 Private grants and contracts 71,601 0.5 9,227 0.2 4,469 0.1 Investment income and investment gains (losses) 35,464 0.2 4,418 0.1 8,150 0.3 Sales and services of educational activities 327,513 2.2 95,730 1.7 177,039 5.7 Sales and services of auxiliary enterprises 297,764 2.0 97,964 1.8 0 0.0 Other revenue 101,555 0.7 144,394 2.6 90,558 2.9 † Not applicable. Percentages are not calculated for negative revenues (losses). — Not available. Non-degree-granting institutions report the total other revenues and additions, but not the details. # Rounds to zero. 1 In addition to the public institutions using Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) standards, 24 public Title IV institutions not displayed in this table reported $7.3 billion in revenue and investment return using Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) standards. 2 A total of 854 institutions reported finance data for fiscal year 2009 using the optional aligned GASB form. The aligned form added the Sales and services of educational activities operating revenue category, allowing public institutions to separate this revenue from other operating revenues. Of the 854 institutions utilizing the aligned form, 369 institutions reported a total of $1.78 billion in the Sales and services of educational activities category. This $1.78 billion is reported here for consistency with public institutions not using the aligned form. 3 Non-degree-granting institutions report the total other revenues and additions, but not the details. As a result, the details will not sum to the total. 4 No public 4-year non-degree-granting institutions reported revenue in the Other revenues and additions category, hence the details for public 4-year institutions are all included in the total. 5 Includes $11.2 million reported by non-degree-granting institutions that is not included in the details. NOTE: Due to differences between GASB standards and FASB standards, figures from public institutions are not comparable to figures from private institutions, even in categories with identical labels. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Percentages in the columns of this table use the corresponding dollar amount in the appropriate total row of each section as the denominator. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2010, Finance component. 13 Table 6. Expenses of Title IV institutions, by level and control of institution, accounting standards utilized, and type of expense: United States, fiscal year 2009 Type of expense 4-year Expenses (in thousands) Percent 2-year Expenses (in thousands) Percent Less-than-2-year Expenses (in thousands) Percent Public institutions using GASB standards Total expenses Instruction Research Public service Academic support Student services Institutional support Operation and maintenance of plant 2 Depreciation Scholarships and fellowships (excluding discounts and allowances) Auxiliary enterprises Hospital services Independent operations Other expenses and deductions 1 $217,117,141 100.0 $48,325,706 100.0 $573,164 100.0 58,029,359 26,359,220 10,635,258 15,756,932 8,819,672 17,303,455 8,892,226 6,620,637 26.7 12.1 4.9 7.3 4.1 8.0 4.1 3.0 19,102,738 22,542 795,081 3,732,934 4,604,132 7,136,328 2,661,043 1,213,468 39.5 # 1.6 7.7 9.5 14.8 5.5 2.5 314,408 0 1,167 48,965 42,560 90,788 0 0 54.9 0.0 0.2 8.5 7.4 15.8 0.0 0.0 7,142,022 19,092,953 24,440,745 1,194,098 12,830,563 3.3 8.8 11.3 0.5 5.9 3,979,277 2,397,789 0 0 2,680,374 8.2 5.0 0.0 0.0 5.5 10,092 0 0 0 65,186 1.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 11.4 Private not-for-profit institutions (FASB standards) Total expenses Instruction Research Public service Academic support Student services Institutional support Auxiliary enterprises Net grant aid to students Hospital services Independent operations Other expenses $140,922,980 100.0 $830,053 100.0 $198,463 100.0 46,302,124 15,262,603 2,342,045 12,538,860 10,943,871 19,265,256 13,670,550 750,842 11,930,840 5,158,480 2,757,510 32.9 10.8 1.7 8.9 7.8 13.7 9.7 0.5 8.5 3.7 2.0 259,343 381 3,651 52,111 77,721 342,327 37,372 7,645 0 0 49,503 31.2 # 0.4 6.3 9.4 41.2 4.5 0.9 0.0 0.0 6.0 85,710 2,381 2,006 11,608 13,364 72,704 0 358 0 0 10,333 43.2 1.2 1.0 5.8 6.7 36.6 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 5.2 $2,630,814 100.0 Private for-profit institutions (FASB standards) Total expenses $12,399,655 100.0 $4,805,424 100.0 Instruction 2,580,339 20.8 1,583,200 32.9 1,052,859 40.0 Research and public service 7,629 0.1 3,686 0.1 8,196 0.3 Academic support, student services, and 8,832,401 71.2 2,625,984 54.6 1,175,242 44.7 institutional support Auxiliary enterprises 276,200 2.2 120,504 2.5 0 0.0 Net grant aid to students 33,417 0.3 14,053 0.3 5,134 0.2 Other expenses 669,669 5.4 457,997 9.5 389,382 14.8 # Rounds to zero. 1 In addition to the public institutions using Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) standards, 24 public Title IV institutions not displayed in this table reported $8.3 billion in expenses using Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) standards. 2 A total of 854 institutions reported finance data for fiscal year 2009 using the optional aligned GASB form. The aligned form forced the allocation of depreciation as a natural classification of the expense functions and eliminated the depreciation function. Data in this row do not represent the 854 institutions that reported via the aligned form. NOTE: Due to difference between GASB standards and FASB standards, figures from public institutions are not comparable to figures from private institutions, even in categories with identical labels. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Percentages in the columns of this table use the corresponding dollar amount in the appropriate total row of each section as the denominator. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2010, Finance component. 14 Table 7. Graduation rates at Title IV institutions, by race/ethnicity, level and control of institution, gender, and degree at the institution where the students started as full-time, first-time students: United States, cohort years 2003 and 2006 Level and control of institution, gender, degree sought, and degree completed Total 4-year institutions 2 (cohort year 2003) American Indian or Alaska Total Native (%) (%) Asian, Native Hawaiian, or Black or Pacific African Islander American (%) (%) Hispanic or Latino (%) White (%) Two or more 1 races (%) Race/ ethnicity Nonresident alien unknown (%) (%) 55.5 37.7 66.4 37.7 46.2 59.3 38.8 51.2 52.5 Public Men Women 53.5 50.7 55.9 34.5 33.0 35.7 64.5 61.3 67.5 36.2 30.9 39.9 43.0 38.6 46.3 56.8 53.9 59.2 23.2 21.6 24.3 54.3 51.5 56.9 53.8 51.1 56.8 Private not-for-profit Men Women 64.4 61.8 66.5 46.5 45.2 47.4 75.2 73.4 76.6 43.8 37.9 47.8 57.4 54.7 59.2 67.4 64.9 69.4 45.7 42.2 49.0 63.5 61.0 65.7 69.3 65.5 73.5 Private for-profit Men Women 35.4 35.5 35.4 41.1 35.9 43.7 41.8 43.7 40.3 31.0 29.2 32.0 42.6 40.3 44.6 39.9 40.2 39.6 42.6 44.0 40.8 28.1 29.3 27.1 12.1 13.0 11.5 Bachelor’s or equivalent degreeseekers attending 4-year institutions and completing bachelor’s or equivalent degree (cohort year 2003) 57.4 38.3 68.0 39.1 48.7 60.8 40.3 53.7 53.3 Public Men Women 55.7 52.9 58.1 37.1 34.9 38.8 65.8 62.7 68.7 38.6 32.9 42.4 46.9 42.3 50.4 58.6 55.9 61.0 37.9 38.1 37.8 56.4 53.8 58.9 56.2 53.3 59.5 Private not-for-profit Men Women 65.1 62.4 67.1 47.6 45.4 49.2 75.9 74.2 77.2 45.0 38.9 49.2 59.4 56.6 61.2 67.7 65.2 69.7 48.8 43.9 53.3 63.7 61.1 65.8 69.1 65.6 73.0 Private for-profit Men Women 20.4 22.7 18.7 11.9 16.0 9.3 31.3 33.6 29.1 16.1 16.6 15.8 24.9 25.2 24.7 24.5 26.7 22.7 34.0 35.6 31.4 16.9 20.6 13.5 9.3 9.3 9.4 32.4 26.8 36.3 27.1 32.8 32.0 63.7 35.4 30.6 Public Men Women 22.1 21.4 22.7 19.8 19.5 20.0 26.6 24.7 28.6 14.6 14.4 14.7 17.0 16.3 17.7 24.7 23.8 25.6 35.4 10.9 41.5 19.7 19.0 20.4 24.9 22.5 27.3 Private not-for-profit Men Women 55.3 53.7 56.4 25.7 27.0 24.7 45.7 52.2 41.2 47.2 44.2 49.9 51.0 53.8 49.2 59.4 56.9 61.1 8.3 12.5 0.0 69.1 66.3 70.7 63.9 63.7 64.0 Private for-profit Men Women 60.9 58.0 61.4 57.7 57.1 58.0 73.1 70.3 74.9 48.9 45.3 50.5 63.7 59.1 65.9 64.8 63.1 65.6 67.2 69.2 66.3 57.5 56.2 58.3 65.1 63.5 66.5 Total 2-year institutions (cohort year 2006) See notes at end of table. 15 Table 7. Graduation rates at Title IV institutions, by race/ethnicity, level and control of institution, gender, and degree at the institution where the students started as full-time, first-time students: United States, cohort years 2003 and 2006—Continued Level and control of institution, gender, degree sought, and degree completed Less-than-2-year institutions (cohort year 2006) American Indian or Alaska Native Total (%) (%) 67.0 — Asian, Native Hawaiian, or Black or Pacific African Islander American (%) (%) — — Hispanic or Latino (%) White (%) — — Two or more 1 races (%) — Race/ ethnicity Nonresident unknown alien (%) (%) — — Public 67.0 — — — — — — — — Private not-for-profit 74.8 — — — — — — — — Private for-profit 66.6 — — — — — — — — — Not available. Graduation rates data are not collected by race/ethnicity for less-than-2-year institutions. 1 Two or more races was an optional reporting category in IPEDS 2009-10, and a total of 295 institutions reported graduation rates using this option. The figures reported here should not be considered representative of all individuals who could be classified into Two or more races. 2 The total 4-year institution cohort contains all full-time, first-time degree- or certificate-seeking undergraduates, regardless of the level of the award sought. NOTE: The rates in this table reflect graduation rates at institutions regardless of the length of programs, unless otherwise indicated. The graduation rate was calculated as required for disclosure and reporting purposes under the Student Right-to-Know Act. This rate was calculated as the total number of completers within 150 percent of normal time divided by the revised cohort minus any allowable exclusions. The revised cohort is the current (spring 2010) estimate of the number of students entering the institution as full-time, firsttime degree- or certificate-seeking undergraduates in the reference year. Allowable exclusions include those students who died or were totally and permanently disabled; those who left school to serve in the armed forces; those who left to serve with a foreign aid service of the federal government, such as the Peace Corps; and those who left to serve on official church missions. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2010, Graduation Rates component. 16 Table 8. Graduation rates of bachelor’s or equivalent degree-seeking students at the 4-year Title IV institution where the students started as full-time, first-time students, by control of institution, gender, and time to degree after entry: United States, cohort year 2003 Gender and time to degree Total (%) Public (%) Private not-for-profit (%) Private for-profit (%) 36.7 52.8 57.4 30.7 50.2 55.7 51.5 62.1 65.1 12.7 17.7 20.4 31.9 49.6 54.8 25.6 46.6 52.9 46.9 59.3 62.4 15.3 20.0 22.7 All students 4-year graduation rate 5-year graduation rate 6-year graduation rate Men 4-year graduation rate 5-year graduation rate 6-year graduation rate Women 4-year graduation rate 40.6 34.9 55.1 10.6 5-year graduation rate 55.4 53.2 64.4 15.9 6-year graduation rate 59.5 58.1 67.1 18.7 NOTE: The rates in this table reflect only students seeking bachelor’s or equivalent degrees, rather than all students at 4-year institutions. The graduation rate was calculated as required for disclosure and reporting purposes under the Student Right-to-Know Act. This rate was calculated as the total number of completers within the specified time to degree divided by the revised cohort minus any allowable exclusions. The revised cohort is the current (spring 2010) estimate of the number of students entering the institution as full-time, first-time degree- or certificate-seeking undergraduates in the reference year. Allowable exclusions include those students who died or were totally and permanently disabled; those who left school to serve in the armed forces; those who left to serve with a foreign aid service of the federal government, such as the Peace Corps; and those who left to serve on official church missions. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2010, Graduation Rates component. 17 Table 9. Number and percentage of students in the full-time, first-time student cohort, bachelor’s or equivalent degreeseeking subcohort, and other than bachelor’s or equivalent degree-seeking subcohort at 4-year Title IV degree-granting institutions, by cohort year, control of institution, and institutional category: United States, cohort years 1997, 2000, and 2003 Cohort year 1997 Cohort year 2000 Total Cohort Bachelors or equivalent degreeseeking subcohort Other than bachelor’s or equivalent degreeseeking subcohort Total Cohort Bachelors or equivalent degreeseeking subcohort 729,665 100.0 686,766 94.1 42,899 5.9 810,088 100.0 758,713 93.7 Degree-granting, graduate with no undergraduate degrees Number Percent 11 100.0 0 0.0 11 100.0 † † † † Degree-granting, primarily baccalaureate or above Number Percent 700,295 100.0 682,847 97.5 17,448 2.5 772,785 100.0 754,412 97.6 Degree-granting, not primarily baccalaureate or above Number Percent 29,359 100.0 3,919 13.3 25,440 86.7 37,303 100.0 4,301 11.5 407,975 100.0 368,592 90.3 39,383 9.7 421,958 100.0 396,206 93.9 Degree-granting, graduate with no undergraduate degrees Number Percent 190 100.0 127 66.8 63 33.2 902 100.0 701 77.7 Degree-granting, primarily baccalaureate or above Number Percent 389,936 100.0 365,506 93.7 24,430 6.3 406,002 100.0 392,758 96.7 Degree-granting, not primarily baccalaureate or above Number Percent 17,849 100.0 2,959 16.6 14,890 83.4 15,054 100.0 2,747 18.2 41,836 100.0 10,904 26.1 30,932 73.9 84,013 100.0 26,498 31.5 Control of institution and institutional category Public Number Percent Private not-for-profit Number Percent Private for-profit Number Percent See notes at end of table. 18 Cohort year 2003 Other than bachelor’s or equivalent degreeseeking subcohort Total Cohort Bachelors or equivalent degreeseeking subcohort Other than bachelor’s or equivalent degreeseeking subcohort 51,375 900,589 6.3 100.0 826,039 91.7 74,550 8.3 † † † † † † 18,373 842,284 2.4 100.0 818,832 97.2 23,452 2.8 58,305 100.0 7,207 12.4 51,098 87.6 25,752 443,556 6.1 100.0 418,165 94.3 25,391 5.7 241 100.0 10 4.1 231 95.9 13,244 425,883 3.3 100.0 414,350 97.3 11,533 2.7 17,432 100.0 3,805 21.8 13,627 78.2 57,515 111,028 68.5 100.0 50,171 45.2 60,857 54.8 † † 33,002 88.5 201 22.3 12,307 81.8 Table 9. Number and percentage of students in the full-time, first-time student cohort, bachelor’s or equivalent degreeseeking subcohort, and other than bachelor’s or equivalent degree-seeking subcohort at 4-year Title IV degree-granting institutions, by cohort year, control of institution, and institutional category: United States, cohort years 1997, 2000, and 2003—Continued Cohort year 1997 Cohort year 2000 Total Cohort Bachelors or equivalent degreeseeking subcohort Other than bachelor’s or equivalent degreeseeking subcohort Degree-granting, graduate with no undergraduate degrees Number Percent † † † † Degree-granting, primarily baccalaureate or above Number Percent 14,145 100.0 9,960 70.4 Control of institution and institutional category Cohort year 2003 Total Cohort Bachelors or equivalent degreeseeking subcohort Other than bachelor’s or equivalent degreeseeking subcohort Total Cohort Bachelors or equivalent degreeseeking subcohort Other than bachelor’s or equivalent degreeseeking subcohort † † † † † † † † † † † † † † 4,185 29.6 28,834 100.0 20,353 70.6 8,481 29.4 54,588 100.0 44,331 81.2 10,257 18.8 Private for-profit— Continued Degree-granting, not primarily baccalaureate or above Number 27,691 944 26,747 55,179 6,145 49,034 56,440 5,840 50,600 Percent 100.0 3.4 96.6 100.0 11.1 88.9 100.0 10.3 89.7 † Not applicable. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2004, 2007, and 2010, Graduation Rates component. 19 Table 10. Graduation rates of students at the Title IV institution where the students started as full-time, first-time students, by control of institution, degree sought, level of institution, degree completed, and time to degree: United States, cohort years 2001 and 2005 Degree sought, level of institution, degree completed, and time to degree Total (%) Public (%) Private not-for-profit (%) Private for-profit (%) 36.4 29.5 51.0 19.1 57.4 55.0 64.5 27.0 60.2 58.4 66.1 29.1 17.9 11.9 38.6 36.4 31.2 22.0 52.7 60.2 36.6 28.1 58.5 63.3 Bachelor’s or equivalent degree-seekers attending 4-year institutions and completing bachelor’s or equivalent degree (cohort year 2001) Graduation rate within 100% of normal program completion time Graduation rate within 150% of normal program completion time Graduation rate within 200% of normal program completion time Degree- or certificate-seekers attending 2year institutions and completing a degree or certificate (cohort year 2005) Graduation rate within 100% of normal program completion time Graduation rate within 150% of normal program completion time Graduation rate within 200% of normal program completion time Certificate-seekers attending less-than-2year institutions and completing a certificate (cohort year 2005) Graduation rate within 100% of normal 43.7 56.4 58.2 41.3 program completion time Graduation rate within 150% of normal program completion time 67.4 73.5 75.2 66.2 Graduation rate within 200% of normal 70.8 79.3 78.9 69.3 program completion time NOTE: The rates in this table reflect graduation rates at institutions regardless of the length of programs, unless otherwise indicated. The graduation rate was calculated as required for disclosure and reporting purposes under the Student Right-to-Know Act. This rate was calculated as the total number of completers within specified time to degree divided by the revised cohort minus any allowable exclusions. The revised cohort is the current (spring 2010) estimate of the number of students entering the institution as full-time, first-time degree- or certificate-seeking undergraduates in the reference year. Allowable exclusions include those students who died or were totally and permanently disabled; those who left school to serve in the armed forces; those who left to serve with a foreign aid service of the federal government, such as the Peace Corps; and those who left to serve on official church missions. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2010, Graduation Rates 200 component. 20 Table 11. Number of full-time, first-time degree/certificate-seeking undergraduates enrolled and number and percentage of those receiving financial aid at Title IV institutions, by sector of institution: United States, academic years 2007-08 and 2008-09 1 Sector of institution Total students Academic year 2007-08 Number of Percent Number financial aid receiving enrolled recipients financial aid 2 Academic year 2008-09 Number of Percent Number financial aid receiving enrolled recipients financial aid 2,916,745 2,225,061 76.3 3,096,036 2,432,887 78.6 Public 4-year Public 2-year Public less-than-2-year 976,830 702,499 29,201 753,643 439,437 15,890 77.2 62.6 54.4 1,007,609 725,248 29,075 792,028 474,742 16,537 78.6 65.5 56.9 Private not-for-profit 4-year Private not-for-profit 2-year Private not-for-profit less-than-2-year 484,041 12,473 9,222 416,413 10,494 7,117 86.0 84.1 77.2 487,079 12,105 11,307 424,892 10,425 9,473 87.2 86.1 83.8 Private for-profit 4-year 210,468 159,991 76.0 258,498 221,487 Private for-profit 2-year 230,318 200,165 86.9 274,855 234,264 Private for-profit less-than-2-year 261,693 221,911 84.8 290,260 249,039 1 The numbers shown reflect the 6,034 institutions that reported having financial aid recipients in academic year 2007-08. 2 The numbers shown reflect the 6,124 institutions that reported having financial aid recipients in academic year 2008-09. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2009 and Spring 2010, Student Financial Aid component. 21 85.7 85.2 85.8 Table 12. Number and percentage of full-time, first-time degree/certificate-seeking undergraduates and financial aid recipients and average amounts of financial aid received by full-time, first-time degree/certificate-seeking undergraduates at Title IV institutions, by sector of institution and type of aid: United States, academic year 2008-09 Public Type of aid Full-time, first-time undergraduates Total students 4-year Less-than2-year 2-year 3,096,036 1,007,609 725,248 29,075 Private not-for-profit Less-than4-year 2-year 2-year 487,079 12,105 Private for-profit Less-than4-year 2-year 2-year 11,307 258,498 274,855 290,260 Number receiving Any financial aid Federal grants Pell grants Other federal grants State/local grants Institutional grants 1 Loans to students Federal loans Other loans 2,432,887 1,291,795 1,249,125 792,028 474,742 285,851 301,476 273,995 291,881 16,537 11,616 10,678 424,892 130,461 121,630 10,425 6,835 6,626 9,473 8,157 7,816 221,487 234,264 161,954 183,368 160,783 176,772 249,039 202,077 198,944 546,665 838,096 935,249 1,564,830 1,528,271 191,045 192,225 85,404 381,633 255,678 374,537 77,900 472,222 147,217 460,544 145,637 57,562 3,495 1,849 5,036 1,472 6,532 6,391 148 97,327 146,790 376,914 295,339 286,788 53,290 2,223 3,557 4,274 6,855 6,753 284 2,066 2,121 644 4,784 4,741 55 28,557 75,107 14,913 18,238 60,710 24,524 210,337 211,691 208,254 205,130 16,967 28,206 61,907 10,130 14,274 209,853 204,033 31,038 Percent receiving Any financial aid Federal grants Pell grants Other federal grants State/local grants Institutional grants 1 Loans to students Federal loans Other loans 78.6 41.7 40.3 78.6 28.4 27.2 65.5 41.6 40.2 56.9 40.0 36.7 87.2 26.8 25.0 86.1 56.5 54.7 83.8 72.1 69.1 85.7 62.7 62.2 85.2 66.7 64.3 85.8 69.6 68.5 17.7 27.1 30.2 50.5 49.4 6.2 19.1 37.9 37.2 46.9 45.7 5.7 11.8 35.3 10.7 20.3 20.1 0.5 6.4 17.3 5.1 22.5 22.0 0.5 20.0 30.1 77.4 60.6 58.9 10.9 18.4 29.4 35.3 56.6 55.8 2.3 18.3 18.8 5.7 42.3 41.9 0.5 11.0 5.8 23.5 81.4 80.6 6.6 27.3 6.6 8.9 77.0 74.6 10.3 21.3 3.5 4.9 72.3 70.3 10.7 Average amount 2 Federal grants $3,846 $4,157 $3,539 $3,150 $4,488 $3,537 $3,418 $3,745 $3,768 $3,668 Pell grants 3,499 3,541 3,432 2,970 3,421 3,367 3,120 3,632 3,575 3,461 Other federal grants 1,092 1,135 764 2,639 1,741 839 1,692 790 784 850 State/local grants 2,686 3,152 1,445 1,903 3,523 3,520 2,953 3,139 3,163 2,847 Institutional grants 7,099 4,186 1,620 1,077 12,780 3,952 2,597 1,296 858 609 1 Loans to students 6,973 5,972 4,162 5,527 7,638 6,223 5,294 9,660 7,886 6,759 Federal loans 6,148 5,065 4,098 5,547 5,810 6,056 5,195 9,031 7,452 6,320 Other loans 7,938 8,465 4,529 4,428 11,063 6,205 12,615 8,909 4,986 4,153 1 Loans to students include only loans made directly to students; federal loans to parents (Parent Loan for Undergraduate Students [PLUS]) and other loans made directly to parents are not included. 2 Average grants (or loans) were calculated by dividing the total amount of grants (or loans) awarded by the total number of recipients of grants (or loans). NOTE: The numbers shown reflect the 6,124 institutions that reported the number of recipients by types of financial aid and the average amounts received. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2010, Student Financial Aid component. 22 Table 13. Number of undergraduates enrolled, number receiving a Pell grant, percentage receiving a Pell grant, and average Pell grant amount at Title IV institutions, by control and level of institution and type of undergraduate: United States, academic year 2008-09 Control and level of institution and type of undergraduate All institutions Full-time, first-time undergraduates Other undergraduates Students enrolled Students receiving Percent receiving a Pell grant a Pell grant Average Pell 1 grant amount 17,744,195 5,049,622 28.5 $3,217 3,096,036 1,249,125 40.3 3,499 14,648,159 3,800,497 25.9 3,125 Public 4-year 6,074,256 1,569,000 25.8 3,333 Full-time, first-time undergraduates 1,007,609 273,995 27.2 3,541 Other undergraduates 5,066,647 1,295,005 25.6 3,289 6,659,764 1,656,745 24.9 2,989 725,248 291,881 40.2 3,432 5,934,516 1,364,864 23.0 2,894 101,443 17,217 17.0 2,930 Full-time, first-time undergraduates 29,075 10,678 36.7 2,970 Other undergraduates 72,368 6,539 9.0 2,866 2,500,991 606,902 24.3 3,252 487,079 121,630 25.0 3,421 2,013,912 485,272 24.1 3,209 45,473 20,213 44.5 3,074 Full-time, first-time undergraduates 12,105 6,626 54.7 3,367 Other undergraduates 33,368 13,587 40.7 2,932 22,995 10,721 46.6 3,177 Full-time, first-time undergraduates 11,307 7,816 69.1 3,120 Other undergraduates 11,688 2,905 24.9 3,332 1,284,827 550,624 42.9 3,352 258,498 160,783 62.2 3,632 1,026,329 389,841 38.0 3,236 577,920 332,630 57.6 3,450 Full-time, first-time undergraduates 274,855 176,772 64.3 3,575 Other undergraduates 303,065 155,858 51.4 3,307 476,526 285,570 59.9 3,331 290,260 198,944 68.5 3,461 2-year Full-time, first-time undergraduates Other undergraduates Less-than-2-year Private not-for-profit 4-year Full-time, first-time undergraduates Other undergraduates 2-year Less-than-2-year Private for-profit 4-year Full-time, first-time undergraduates Other undergraduates 2-year Less-than-2-year Full-time, first-time undergraduates Other undergraduates 186,266 86,626 46.5 3,032 1 Average Pell grant amount was calculated by dividing the total amount of the Pell grants awarded by the total number of recipients of Pell grants. NOTE: The numbers shown reflect the 6,124 institutions that reported the number of recipients by types of financial aid and the average amounts received. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2010, Student Financial Aid component. 23 Table 14. Average academic year price of attendance before aid and average academic year net price of attendance for full-time, first-time undergraduate students at Title IV institutions, by control of institution, level of institution, type of aid received, and income level: United States, academic year 2008-09 2 Level of institution, type of aid received, 1 and income level Public Average price Average net before aid price 3 Private not-for-profit Average price Average net before aid price 3 Private for-profit Average price Average net before aid price 4-year Students receiving any grant aid $16,271 $10,747 $31,401 $19,009 $26,976 $23,057 $0-30,000 16,287 8,245 31,439 15,163 26,962 23,164 $30,001-48,000 16,287 9,938 31,439 16,329 26,962 24,108 $48,001-75,000 16,287 12,740 31,439 18,999 26,962 25,824 $75,001-110,000 16,287 14,371 31,439 21,795 26,962 26,475 $110,001 and more 16,287 14,840 31,439 24,939 26,962 27,203 10,493 6,780 20,088 14,906 23,804 19,635 $0-30,000 10,518 5,842 20,096 14,021 23,777 19,768 $30,001-48,000 10,518 6,936 20,096 14,363 23,777 20,979 $48,001-75,000 10,518 8,407 20,096 16,506 23,777 22,789 $75,001-110,000 10,518 9,696 20,096 18,145 23,777 23,464 $110,001 and more 10,518 10,113 20,096 18,971 23,777 24,271 13,015 9,337 19,075 14,879 21,144 17,782 Students receiving Title IV aid 2-year Students receiving any grant aid Students receiving Title IV aid Less-than-2-year Students receiving any grant aid Students receiving Title IV aid $0-30,000 12,591 8,798 19,782 15,204 21,166 17,859 $30,001-48,000 12,591 11,204 19,782 17,375 21,166 20,201 $48,001-75,000 12,591 13,715 19,782 17,769 21,166 22,846 $75,001-110,000 12,591 10,923 19,782 17,555 21,166 23,376 $110,001 and more 12,591 17,752 19,782 22,883 21,166 24,737 Income level is assigned based on the income used by the institution’s financial aid office to calculate the student’s expected family contribution. 2 Average price before aid and average net price for public institutions is displayed for students paying in-state tuition. 3 Average price before aid and average net price for private not-for-profit and private for-profit institutions is displayed for all students. NOTE: Average price before aid is calculated using the tuition and required fees, books and supplies, room and board, and other expenses data from the Institutional Characteristics component. A weighted average of on-campus; off-campus, not with family; and off-campus, with family room and board and other expenses values were used to calculate a single average price before aid instead of individual prices by living arrangement. The factors used to generate this weighted average were reported in the Student Financial Aid component and were identical to the factors used to generate the same weighted average used in calculating the average net price. Institutions with academic calendars that differ by program or allow continuous enrollment are not included. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Fall 2009, Institutional Characteristics component and Spring 2010, Student Financial Aid component. 1 24 Appendix A: Survey Methodology Overview The Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) defines a postsecondary institution as an organization that is open to the public and has a primary mission of providing education or training beyond the high school level. The primary focus of the IPEDS spring 2010 collection was to collect data from Title IV institutions. These institutions have Program Participation Agreements (PPAs) with the Office of Postsecondary Education (OPE) within the U.S. Department of Education and thus are eligible to participate in Title IV student financial aid programs. There were 6,979 Title IV institutions1 and administrative offices located in the United States and the other jurisdictions of the United States, such as Puerto Rico,2 in the 200910 academic year. The spring 2010 collection was entirely web-based. Institutions in the universe were asked to enter their survey responses using the IPEDS data collection website. The spring 2010 IPEDS data were collected between December 2, 2009 and April 28, 2010. The collection had five components: Enrollment, Finance, Graduation Rates (GRS), Graduation Rates 200 (GR200), and Student Financial Aid (SFA). Universe, Institutions Surveyed, and Response Rates The IPEDS universe is established during the fall collection period. For the 2009-10 cycle, 56 postsecondary institutions and one administrative office included in prior IPEDS data collections were declared to be outside the scope of IPEDS because they were closed or were merged with another institution. Another 251 postsecondary institutions were reported exclusively by a parent institution.3 In addition, 252 postsecondary institutions were added to the universe. Four of the U.S. service academies are included in the IPEDS universe as if they were Title IV institutions.4 These institutions were identified from several sources, including a universe review by state coordinators, a review of the data file maintained by OPE, and information provided by the institutions themselves. After identification of all of the appropriate institutions, the 2009-10 IPEDS universe consisted of 6,979 postsecondary entities. Although they are part of the 2009-10 IPEDS universe, eight institutions that closed during the 2009-10 academic year were not 1 Includes 6,896 institutions and 83 administrative (central or system) offices. The central and system offices are required to complete the Institutional Characteristics component in the fall, the Employees by Assigned Position (EAP) and Fall Staff sections of the Human Resources (HR) component in the winter, and the Finance component in the spring (if they have their own separate budget). 2 The other jurisdictions include American Samoa, the Federated States of Micronesia, Guam, the Marshall Islands, the Northern Marianas, Palau, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands. 3 A parent institution reports data for another institution, known as the child institution. 4 The four U.S. service academies that are not Title IV eligible are the U.S. Naval Academy, the U.S. Military Academy, the U.S. Coast Guard Academy, and the U.S. Air Force Academy. One academy, the U.S. Merchant Marine Academy, is Title IV eligible. Data for all five institutions are included in each of the tables and counts of institutions. A-1 eligible to complete any of the components collected during the spring 2010 collection, leaving 6,971 postsecondary entities eligible for the spring 2010 components of IPEDS. The initial set of 6,979 Title IV entities was validated by matching the IPEDS universe file with OPE’s Postsecondary Education Participation System (PEPS) file. Because most of the studies that use IPEDS data concentrate on the Title IV institutions, this group is the main focus of IPEDS. Also, according to Section 490 of the Higher Education Amendments of 1992 (P.L. 102325), IPEDS is mandatory for any institutions that participate in or are applicants for participation in any federal financial assistance program authorized by Title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965, as amended (20 USC 1094(a)(17)). The IPEDS database includes institutions that do not participate in Title IV financial aid programs. These institutions are invited to participate in the IPEDS program, and if they voluntarily respond to the components, the institutions are included in the College Navigator (http://nces.ed.gov/collegenavigator). The College Navigator is a website developed to help parents and students make informed decisions about postsecondary education. Not all 6,971 Title IV postsecondary entities eligible for the spring data collection were required to participate in all components. The SFA component is applicable only to those institutions that have full-time undergraduate students. The GRS component is applicable to institutions that had full-time, first-time degree/certificate-seeking undergraduate students in the reference years (2003 for 4-year institutions and 2006 for less-than-4-year institutions.) The Finance component applies to all institutions and administrative (central or system) offices. See the Survey Components section of this appendix for further details regarding which institutions were required to complete each component. Table A-1 provides the number of Title IV institutions and administrative offices and response rates by degree-granting status and by level and control of institution for the United States and other jurisdictions for each of the five spring components. Because Title IV institutions are the primary focus of IPEDS and they are required to respond, response rates for Title IV institutions in the spring 2010 IPEDS collection were high. The response rate for each component was more than 99 percent: 99.9 percent for Enrollment; 99.8 percent for Finance, Graduation Rates, and Graduation Rates 200; and 99.7 percent for Student Financial Aid. Table A-1a provides the number of Title IV institutions and administrative offices and response rates by degree-granting status and by level and control of institution for those institutions located in the United States only (excluding any other jurisdictions). Some responding institutions did not report data for all parts of the Enrollment component,5 and the missing parts were imputed. Hence, response rates for the Enrollment component are provided in table A-2 for the entire IPEDS universe and in table A-2a for those institutions located in the United States only (excluding any other jurisdictions). Part C, full-time, first-time undergraduate enrollment by state of residency, is not included because Part C was optional this year. 5 Please refer to the Survey Components section of this appendix for a description of the parts of the Enrollment component. A-2 The National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) requires that the potential for nonresponse bias for all institutions (including those in other jurisdictions) be analyzed for sectors for which the response rate is less than 85 percent. As shown in table A-1, no sectors required this analysis. Table A-1. Number of Title IV institutions and administrative offices in the universe and number and percentage of Title IV institutions and administrative offices responding to the IPEDS spring 2010 data collection, by survey component, degree-granting status, and level and control of institution/office: United States and other jurisdictions Degree-granting status and level and control of institution/office Enrollment Number Final universe responded Response rate (%) Student Financial Aid Number Final universe responded Response rate (%) All institutions 6,883 6,876 99.9 6,565 6,547 99.7 Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 2,015 1,862 3,006 2,015 1,861 3,000 100.0 99.9 99.8 1,997 1,617 2,951 1,997 1,615 2,935 100.0 99.9 99.5 4-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 2,851 690 1,590 571 2,850 690 1,589 571 100.0 100.0 99.9 100.0 2,550 673 1,347 530 2,549 673 1,346 530 100.0 100.0 99.9 100.0 2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 2,250 1,103 182 965 2,250 1,103 182 965 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2,239 1,103 181 955 2,236 1,103 180 953 99.9 100.0 99.4 99.8 Less-than-2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 1,782 222 90 1,470 1,776 222 90 1,464 99.7 100.0 100.0 99.6 1,776 221 89 1,466 1,762 221 89 1,452 99.2 100.0 100.0 99.0 Degree-granting 4,571 4,570 100.0 4,273 4,271 100.0 4-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 2,835 689 1,576 570 2,834 689 1,575 570 100.0 100.0 99.9 100.0 2,546 673 1,343 530 2,545 673 1,342 530 100.0 100.0 99.9 100.0 2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 1,736 1,008 91 637 1,736 1,008 91 637 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1,727 1,008 91 628 1,726 1,008 91 627 99.9 100.0 100.0 99.8 2,312 2,306 99.7 2,292 2,276 99.3 4-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 16 1 14 1 16 1 14 1 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 4 0 4 0 4 0 4 0 100.0 † 100.0 † 2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 514 95 91 328 514 95 91 328 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 512 95 90 327 510 95 89 326 99.6 100.0 98.9 99.7 Less-than-2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 1,782 222 90 1,470 1,776 222 90 1,464 99.7 100.0 100.0 99.6 1,776 221 89 1,466 1,762 221 89 1,452 99.2 100.0 100.0 99.0 Non-degree-granting See notes at end of table. A-3 Table A-1. Number of Title IV institutions and administrative offices in the universe and number and percentage of Title IV institutions and administrative offices responding to the IPEDS spring 2010 data collection, by survey component, degree-granting status, and level and control of institution/office: United States and other jurisdictions—Continued Final universe Finance Number responded Response rate (%) All institutions 6,958 6,944 99.8 6,093 6,081 99.8 Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 2,086 1,868 3,004 2,085 1,866 2,993 100.0 99.9 99.6 1,951 1,491 2,651 1,951 1,491 2,639 100.0 100.0 99.5 4-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 2,898 730 1,595 573 2,898 730 1,595 573 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2,276 635 1,252 389 2,276 635 1,252 389 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 2,286 1,134 182 970 2,285 1,134 182 969 100.0 100.0 100.0 99.9 2,165 1,101 156 908 2,164 1,101 156 907 100.0 100.0 100.0 99.9 Less-than-2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 1,774 222 91 1,461 1,761 221 89 1,451 99.3 99.5 97.8 99.3 1,652 215 83 1,354 1,641 215 83 1,343 99.3 100.0 100.0 99.2 Degree-granting 4,654 4,653 100.0 3,967 3,966 100.0 4-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 2,882 729 1,581 572 2,882 729 1,581 572 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2,274 635 1,250 389 2,274 635 1,250 389 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 1,772 1,039 91 642 1,771 1,039 91 641 99.9 100.0 100.0 99.8 1,693 1,006 88 599 1,692 1,006 88 598 99.9 100.0 100.0 99.8 2,304 2,291 99.4 2,126 2,115 99.5 4-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 16 1 14 1 16 1 14 1 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2 0 2 0 2 0 2 0 100.0 † 100.0 † 2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 514 95 91 328 514 95 91 328 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 472 95 68 309 472 95 68 309 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Less-than-2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 1,774 222 91 1,461 1,761 221 89 1,451 99.3 99.5 97.8 99.3 1,652 215 83 1,354 1,641 215 83 1,343 99.3 100.0 100.0 99.2 Degree-granting status and level and control of institution/office Non-degree-granting See notes at end of table. A-4 Graduation Rates Number responded Final universe Response rate (%) Table A-1. Number of Title IV institutions and administrative offices in the universe and number and percentage of Title IV institutions and administrative offices responding to the IPEDS spring 2010 data collection, by survey component, degree-granting status, and level and control of institution/office: United States and other jurisdictions—Continued Degree-granting status and level and control of institution/office Graduation Rates 200 Number responded Final universe Response rate (%) All institutions 5,638 5,626 99.8 Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 1,888 1,423 2,327 1,888 1,423 2,315 100.0 100.0 99.5 4-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 2,000 584 1,189 227 2,000 584 1,189 227 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 2,115 1,093 158 864 2,114 1,093 158 863 100.0 100.0 100.0 99.9 Less-than-2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 1,523 211 76 1,236 1,512 211 76 1,225 99.3 100.0 100.0 99.1 Degree-granting 3,661 3,660 100.0 4-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 2,000 584 1,189 227 2,000 584 1,189 227 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 1,661 998 88 575 1,660 998 88 574 99.9 100.0 100.0 99.8 1,977 1,966 99.4 4-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 † † † † 2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 454 95 70 289 454 95 70 289 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Non-degree-granting Less-than-2-year 1,523 1,512 99.3 Public 211 211 100.0 Private not-for-profit 76 76 100.0 Private for-profit 1,236 1,225 99.1 † Not applicable. NOTE: For the Finance component response rates, administrative offices are included in the counts according to the level of the institution(s) they serve because they complete the Finance component. Administrative offices do not complete the Enrollment, Graduation Rates, Graduation Rates 200, or Student Financial Aid components. Data were imputed for all total nonrespondents. In addition, data were imputed for institutions that did not respond to all Parts of the Enrollment component (partial nonrespondents). The other jurisdictions include American Samoa, the Federated States of Micronesia, Guam, the Marshall Islands, the Northern Marianas, Palau, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2010, Enrollment, Student Financial Aid, Finance, Graduation Rates, and Graduation Rates 200 components. A-5 Table A-1a. Number of Title IV institutions and administrative offices in the universe and number and percentage of Title IV institutions and administrative offices responding to the IPEDS spring 2010 data collection, by survey component, degree-granting status, and level and control of institution/office: United States Degree-granting status and level and control of institution/office Enrollment Number responded Final universe Response rate (%) Student Financial Aid Number responded Final universe Response rate (%) All institutions 6,730 6,724 99.9 6,417 6,400 99.7 Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 1,989 1,806 2,935 1,989 1,805 2,930 100.0 99.9 99.8 1,971 1,566 2,880 1,971 1,564 2,865 100.0 99.9 99.5 4-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 2,788 673 1,551 564 2,787 673 1,550 564 100.0 100.0 99.9 100.0 2,492 656 1,313 523 2,491 656 1,312 523 100.0 100.0 99.9 100.0 2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 2,225 1,094 176 955 2,225 1,094 176 955 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2,214 1,094 175 945 2,211 1,094 174 943 99.9 100.0 99.4 99.8 Less-than-2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 1,717 222 79 1,416 1,712 222 79 1,411 99.7 100.0 100.0 99.6 1,711 221 78 1,412 1,698 221 78 1,399 99.2 100.0 100.0 99.1 Degree-granting 4,486 4,485 100.0 4,193 4,191 100.0 4-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 2,772 672 1,537 563 2,771 672 1,536 563 100.0 100.0 99.9 100.0 2,488 656 1,309 523 2,487 656 1,308 523 100.0 100.0 99.9 100.0 2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 1,714 1,000 85 629 1,714 1,000 85 629 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1,705 1,000 85 620 1,704 1,000 85 619 99.9 100.0 100.0 99.8 2,244 2,239 99.8 2,224 2,209 99.3 4-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 16 1 14 1 16 1 14 1 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 4 0 4 0 4 0 4 0 100.0 † 100.0 † 2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 511 94 91 326 511 94 91 326 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 509 94 90 325 507 94 89 324 99.6 100.0 98.9 99.7 Less-than-2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 1,717 222 79 1,416 1,712 222 79 1,411 99.7 100.0 100.0 99.6 1,711 221 78 1,412 1,698 221 78 1,399 99.2 100.0 100.0 99.1 Non-degree-granting See notes at end of table. A-6 Table A-1a. Number of Title IV institutions and administrative offices in the universe and number and percentage of Title IV institutions and administrative offices responding to the IPEDS spring 2010 data collection, by survey component, degree-granting status, and level and control of institution/office: United States—Continued Degree-granting status and level and control of institution/office Finance Number responded Final universe Response rate (%) Graduation Rates Number responded Final universe Response rate (%) All institutions 6,802 6,789 99.8 5,949 5,938 99.8 Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 2,059 1,810 2,933 2,058 1,808 2,923 100.0 99.9 99.7 1,926 1,442 2,581 1,926 1,442 2,570 100.0 100.0 99.6 4-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 2,832 712 1,554 566 2,832 712 1,554 566 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2,220 619 1,219 382 2,220 619 1,219 382 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 2,261 1,125 176 960 2,260 1,125 176 959 100.0 100.0 100.0 99.9 2,140 1,092 150 898 2,139 1,092 150 897 100.0 100.0 100.0 99.9 Less-than-2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 1,709 222 80 1,407 1,697 221 78 1,398 99.3 99.5 97.5 99.4 1,589 215 73 1,301 1,579 215 73 1,291 99.4 100.0 100.0 99.2 Degree-granting 4,566 4,565 100.0 3,889 3,888 100.0 4-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 2,816 711 1,540 565 2,816 711 1,540 565 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2,218 619 1,217 382 2,218 619 1,217 382 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 1,750 1,031 85 634 1,749 1,031 85 633 99.9 100.0 100.0 99.8 1,671 998 82 591 1,670 998 82 590 99.9 100.0 100.0 99.8 2,236 2,224 99.5 2,060 2,050 99.5 4-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 16 1 14 1 16 1 14 1 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2 0 2 0 2 0 2 0 100.0 † 100.0 † 2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 511 94 91 326 511 94 91 326 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 469 94 68 307 469 94 68 307 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Less-than-2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 1,709 222 80 1,407 1,697 221 78 1,398 99.3 99.5 97.5 99.4 1,589 215 73 1,301 1,579 215 73 1,291 99.4 100.0 100.0 99.2 Non-degree-granting See notes at end of table. A-7 Table A-1a. Number of Title IV institutions and administrative offices in the universe and number and percentage of Title IV institutions and administrative offices responding to the IPEDS spring 2010 data collection, by survey component, degree-granting status, and level and control of institution/office: United States—Continued Degree-granting status and level and control of institution/office Graduation Rates 200 Number responded Final universe Response rate (%) All institutions 5,505 5,494 99.8 Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 1,865 1,377 2,263 1,865 1,377 2,252 100.0 100.0 99.5 4-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 1,951 569 1,159 223 1,951 569 1,159 223 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 2,091 1,085 152 854 2,090 1,085 152 853 100.0 100.0 100.0 99.9 Less-than-2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 1,463 211 66 1,186 1,453 211 66 1,176 99.3 100.0 100.0 99.2 Degree-granting 3,591 3,590 100.0 4-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 1,951 569 1,159 223 1,951 569 1,159 223 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 1,640 991 82 567 1,639 991 82 566 99.9 100.0 100.0 99.8 1,914 1,904 99.5 4-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 † † † † 2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 451 94 70 287 451 94 70 287 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Non-degree-granting Less-than-2-year 1,463 1,453 99.3 Public 211 211 100.0 Private not-for-profit 66 66 100.0 Private for-profit 1,186 1,176 99.2 † Not applicable. NOTE: For the Finance component response rates, administrative offices are included in the counts according to the level of the institution(s) they serve because they complete the Finance component. Administrative offices do not complete the Enrollment, Graduation Rates, Graduation Rates 200, or Student Financial Aid components. Data were imputed for all total nonrespondents. In addition, data were imputed for institutions that did not respond to all Parts of the Enrollment component (partial nonrespondents). SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2010, Enrollment, Student Financial Aid, Finance, Graduation Rates, and Graduation Rates 200 components. A-8 Table A-2. Number of Title IV institutions and administrative offices in the universe and number and percentage of Title IV institutions responding to the IPEDS spring 2010 Enrollment component, by part, degree-granting status, and level and control of institution: United States and other jurisdictions Degree-granting status and level and control of institution/office Part A, by race/ethnicity and gender Number Response responded rate (%) Final universe Part B, by student age Number responded Final universe Response rate (%) All institutions 6,883 6,876 99.9 6,883 6,875 99.9 Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 2,015 1,862 3,006 2,015 1,861 3,000 100.0 99.9 99.8 2,015 1,862 3,006 2,015 1,861 2,999 100.0 99.9 99.8 4-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 2,851 690 1,590 571 2,850 690 1,589 571 100.0 100.0 99.9 100.0 2,851 690 1,590 571 2,850 690 1,589 571 100.0 100.0 99.9 100.0 2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 2,250 1,103 182 965 2,250 1,103 182 965 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2,250 1,103 182 965 2,250 1,103 182 965 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Less-than-2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 1,782 222 90 1,470 1,776 222 90 1,464 99.7 100.0 100.0 99.6 1,782 222 90 1,470 1,775 222 90 1,463 99.6 100.0 100.0 99.5 Degree-granting 4,571 4,570 100.0 4,571 4,570 100.0 4-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 2,835 689 1,576 570 2,834 689 1,575 570 100.0 100.0 99.9 100.0 2,835 689 1,576 570 2,834 689 1,575 570 100.0 100.0 99.9 100.0 2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 1,736 1,008 91 637 1,736 1,008 91 637 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1,736 1,008 91 637 1,736 1,008 91 637 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2,312 2,306 99.7 2,312 2,305 99.7 4-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 16 1 14 1 16 1 14 1 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 16 1 14 1 16 1 14 1 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 514 95 91 328 514 95 91 328 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 514 95 91 328 514 95 91 328 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Less-than-2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 1,782 222 90 1,470 1,776 222 90 1,464 99.7 100.0 100.0 99.6 1,782 222 90 1,470 1,775 222 90 1,463 99.6 100.0 100.0 99.5 Non-degree-granting See notes at end of table. A-9 Table A-2. Number of Title IV institutions and administrative offices in the universe and number and percentage of Title IV institutions responding to the IPEDS spring 2010 Enrollment component, by part, degree-granting status, and level and control of institution: United States and other jurisdictions—Continued Degree-granting status and level and control of institution/office 1 Part D, total entering class Number Response responded rate (%) Final universe Part E, retention rates Number responded Final universe 2 Response rate (%) All institutions 3,677 3,676 100.0 6,127 6,118 99.9 Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 1,642 1,326 709 1,642 1,325 709 100.0 99.9 100.0 1,957 1,476 2,694 1,956 1,475 2,687 99.9 99.9 99.7 4-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 2,291 643 1,251 397 2,290 643 1,250 397 100.0 100.0 99.9 100.0 2,422 644 1,264 514 2,421 644 1,263 514 100.0 100.0 99.9 100.0 2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 1,385 998 75 312 1,385 998 75 312 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2,184 1,099 140 945 2,184 1,099 140 945 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Less-than-2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 100.0 100.0 † † 1,521 214 72 1,235 1,513 213 72 1,228 99.5 99.5 100.0 99.4 3,676 3,675 100.0 4,145 4,144 100.0 4-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 2,291 643 1,251 397 2,290 643 1,250 397 100.0 100.0 99.9 100.0 2,420 644 1,262 514 2,419 644 1,261 514 100.0 100.0 99.9 100.0 2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 1,385 998 75 312 1,385 998 75 312 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1,725 1,007 87 631 1,725 1,007 87 631 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1 1 100.0 1,982 1,974 99.6 4-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 † † † † 2 0 2 0 2 0 2 0 100.0 † 100.0 † 2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 † † † † 459 92 53 314 459 92 53 314 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Degree-granting Non-degree-granting Less-than-2-year 1 1 100.0 1,521 1,513 99.5 Public 1 1 100.0 214 213 99.5 Private not-for-profit 0 0 † 72 72 100.0 Private for-profit 0 0 † 1,235 1,228 99.4 † Not applicable. 1 These data are not required for program-reporting institutions. 2 These data are not required for institutions that have only less-than-1-year programs. NOTE: The other jurisdictions include American Samoa, the Federated States of Micronesia, Guam, the Marshall Islands, the Northern Marianas, Palau, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2010, Enrollment component. A-10 Table A-2a. Number of Title IV institutions and administrative offices in the universe and number and percentage of Title IV institutions responding to the IPEDS spring 2010 Enrollment component, by part, degree-granting status, and level and control of institution: United States Degree-granting status and level and control of institution/office Part A, by race/ethnicity and gender Number Response Final universe responded rate (%) Part B, by student age Number Final universe responded Response rate (%) All institutions 6,730 6,724 99.9 6,730 6,723 99.9 Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 1,989 1,806 2,935 1,989 1,805 2,930 100.0 99.9 99.8 1,989 1,806 2,935 1,989 1,805 2,929 100.0 99.9 99.8 4-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 2,788 673 1,551 564 2,787 673 1,550 564 100.0 100.0 99.9 100.0 2,788 673 1,551 564 2,787 673 1,550 564 100.0 100.0 99.9 100.0 2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 2,225 1,094 176 955 2,225 1,094 176 955 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2,225 1,094 176 955 2,225 1,094 176 955 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Less-than-2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 1,717 222 79 1,416 1,712 222 79 1,411 99.7 100.0 100.0 99.6 1,717 222 79 1,416 1,711 222 79 1,410 99.7 100.0 100.0 99.6 Degree-granting 4,486 4,485 100.0 4,486 4,485 100.0 4-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 2,772 672 1,537 563 2,771 672 1,536 563 100.0 100.0 99.9 100.0 2,772 672 1,537 563 2,771 672 1,536 563 100.0 100.0 99.9 100.0 2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 1,714 1,000 85 629 1,714 1,000 85 629 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1,714 1,000 85 629 1,714 1,000 85 629 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2,244 2,239 99.8 2,244 2,238 99.7 4-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 16 1 14 1 16 1 14 1 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 16 1 14 1 16 1 14 1 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 511 94 91 326 511 94 91 326 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 511 94 91 326 511 94 91 326 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Less-than-2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 1,717 222 79 1,416 1,712 222 79 1,411 99.7 100.0 100.0 99.6 1,717 222 79 1,416 1,711 222 79 1,410 99.7 100.0 100.0 99.6 Non-degree-granting See notes at end of table. A-11 Table A-2a. Number of Title IV institutions and administrative offices in the universe and number and percentage of Title IV institutions responding to the IPEDS spring 2010 Enrollment component, by part, degree-granting status, and level and control of institution: United States—Continued Degree-granting status and level and control of institution/office 1 Part D, total entering class Number Response responded rate (%) Final universe Part E, retention rates Number responded Final universe 2 Response rate (%) All institutions 3,602 3,601 100.0 5,983 5,975 99.9 Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 1,618 1,288 696 1,618 1,287 696 100.0 99.9 100.0 1,932 1,428 2,623 1,931 1,427 2,617 99.9 99.9 99.8 4-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 2,236 627 1,218 391 2,235 627 1,217 391 100.0 100.0 99.9 100.0 2,366 628 1,231 507 2,365 628 1,230 507 100.0 100.0 99.9 100.0 2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 1,365 990 70 305 1,365 990 70 305 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2,159 1,090 134 935 2,159 1,090 134 935 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Less-than-2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 100.0 100.0 † † 1,458 214 63 1,181 1,451 213 63 1,175 99.5 99.5 100.0 99.5 3,601 3,600 100.0 4,067 4,066 100.0 4-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 2,236 627 1,218 391 2,235 627 1,217 391 100.0 100.0 99.9 100.0 2,364 628 1,229 507 2,363 628 1,228 507 100.0 100.0 99.9 100.0 2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 1,365 990 70 305 1,365 990 70 305 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1,703 999 81 623 1,703 999 81 623 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1 1 100.0 1,916 1,909 99.6 4-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 † † † † 2 0 2 0 2 0 2 0 100.0 † 100.0 † 2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 † † † † 456 91 53 312 456 91 53 312 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Degree-granting Non-degree-granting Less-than-2-year 1 1 100.0 1,458 1,451 Public 1 1 100.0 214 213 Private not-for-profit 0 0 † 63 63 Private for-profit 0 0 † 1,181 1,175 † Not applicable. 1 These data are not required for program-reporting institutions. 2 These data are not required for institutions that have only less-than-1-year programs. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2010, Enrollment component. A-12 99.5 99.5 100.0 99.5 Survey Components Enrollment This component of the web-based survey has six separate parts. Parts A, B, C, and D data are reported as of the institution’s official fall reporting date (or October 15, 2009) for this data collection. Part A collects summary data on the number of students enrolled in the fall, including the number of first-time6 degree/certificate-seeking undergraduate (freshmen) students; the total number of degree/certificate-seeking undergraduates; total undergraduates; and total graduate students—all by race/ethnicity, gender, and enrollment status (full or part time). Part B (which is required this year, but optional when data correspond to the fall of an even-numbered year) collects summary data on the number of students enrolled in the fall in each student level (undergraduate and graduate) by age category, gender, and enrollment status. Part C (which is optional this year, but is required when data correspond to the fall of an even-numbered year) collects summary data on the residence of first-time degree/certificate-seeking (undergraduate) students and the number of those students enrolled in the fall who completed high school in the last 12 months, by state of residence. Part D collects data on the total number of undergraduate students who entered the institution for the first time in the fall term. This includes both full-time and part-time undergraduate students, whether degree/certificate-seeking or not, and any students who transferred into the institution. Part E collects data on retention rates. Four-year institutions report one rate for full-time, firsttime bachelor’s-seeking undergraduate students and another for part-time, first-time bachelor’sseeking undergraduate students. Less-than-4-year institutions report one rate for full-time, firsttime degree/certificate-seeking students and another for part-time, first-time degree/certificateseeking students. Part F requests an estimated undergraduate program student-to-faculty ratio. A worksheet is provided to assist the institution in calculating the ratio requested. Finance This component of the web-based survey collects summary data on each institution’s financial status in fiscal year 2009. The Finance component has different versions of the form based mainly on control of the institution: public, private not-for-profit, and private for-profit. This year public institutions were allowed to choose between two versions of the component depending on which standards they used for their internal accounting: (1) Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) Statements 34 and 35 reporting standards or (2) Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) reporting standards. For public institutions that use GASB reporting standards to prepare their financial statements, data are collected on statement of net assets, plant, property, and equipment (Part A), revenues and other additions (Part B), expenses and other deductions (Part C), summary of changes in net assets (Part D), scholarships and fellowships (Part E), component units7 that report using FASB standards (Part F), component units that report using GASB standards (Part G), and endowment Throughout this publication, the term “first-time” refers to students who have not attended any institution previously. See the glossary for further definition of a first-time student. 7 Component units are separate entities for which the institution is financially accountable. These units may not use the same accounting standards as the institution (i.e., an institution using GASB accounting standards may have a component unit that uses GASB or FASB standards.) 6 A-13 assets (Part H). Additionally, certain data are collected for the U.S. Bureau of the Census, including revenue data (Part J), expenditure data (Part K), and debts and assets (Part L).8 Private not-for-profit institutions and public institutions that use FASB reporting standards to prepare their financial statements report data on their statement of financial position (Part A), summary of changes in net assets (Part B), student grants (Part C), revenues and investment return (Part D), expenses by functional and natural classification (Part E), and endowment assets (Part H). A shortened version of the not-for-profit form has been developed for private for-profit institutions, and data are collected on balance sheet information (Part A), summary of changes in equity (Part B), student grants (Part C), revenues and investment return (Part D), and expenses by function (Part E). Graduation Rates This component collects the number of students entering the institution as full-time, first-time degree/certificate-seeking students in a particular year (cohort), by race/ethnicity and gender; the number of students in this cohort completing within 150 percent of normal time to program completion; and the number who transferred to other institutions. This component was developed to help institutions comply with requirements of the Student Right-to-Know legislation. In 200910, for 4-year institutions, the cohort consists of those students who first started in the 2003-04 academic year, and for 2-year and less-than-2-year institutions, the cohort is those students starting in the 2006-07 academic year. Institutions operating on standard academic terms (semester, trimester, quarter) report on a fall cohort; all other institutions report on a full 12month cohort (September 1 through August 31). Graduation Rates 200 This component collects the number of students entering the institution as full-time, first-time degree/certificate-seeking students in a particular year (cohort); the number of students in this cohort completing within 100, 150, and 200 percent of normal program completion time; and the number of cohort exclusions. In 2009-10, for 4-year institutions, the cohort consists of those students who first started in the 2001-02 academic year, and for 2-year and less-than-2-year institutions, the cohort is those students starting in the 2005-06 academic year. For 4-year institutions the information collected is limited to bachelor’s degree-seeking students only, while less-than-4-year institutions report on the entire cohort. Institutions operating on standard academic terms (semester, trimester, quarter) report on a fall cohort; all other institutions report on a full 12-month cohort (September 1 through August 31). Student Financial Aid This component of the web-based survey has seven parts: a section to establish student count totals for subsequent parts (part A); sections on financial aid for all undergraduates (part B); fulltime, first-time undergraduates (part C); full-time, first-time undergraduates receiving any type of grant aid (part D); full-time, first-time undergraduates receiving Title IV federal aid (part E); and sections on net price of attendance for full-time, first-time undergraduates receiving any type of grant aid (part F) and full-time undergraduates receiving Title IV federal aid (part G). 8 Part I has been discontinued and is no longer applicable. A-14 Data were collected based on the 2008-09 academic year for those institutions that were part of the IPEDS universe and indicated that they enrolled full-time undergraduate students in 2008-09. Student counts were collected based on fall 2008 enrollment or unduplicated counts for 2008-09, and institutions that charge tuition based on residency were asked to provide student counts by in-district, in-state, and out-of-state residency status. In part B, student counts and aid totals were collected for overall grant aid, Pell grant aid, and federal student loans. Part C collected student counts and aid totals for Pell grant, other federal grants, total federal grants, state/local grants, institutional grants, federal loans to students, other loans to students, and total loans to students. For part D, student counts by residency (on campus, off campus, and off campus with family) are collected, as well as total grant and scholarship aid. Part E, similarly to part D, collects student counts by residency and total grant and scholarship aid. In addition, part E collects student counts and total grant and scholarship aid by income level. For parts D and E, public institutions report only on students paying in-state tuition and fees. Private institutions report on all full-time, first-time students meeting the criteria for inclusion in the relevant part. Parts F and G don’t actually collect any additional data. Instead, they display the calculated net price of attendance for students reported in parts D and E, respectively, and allow institutions to provide comments for contextualizing the net prices. The 2009-10 survey forms are available at http://nces.ed.gov/ipeds/surveys/2009.asp. Changes in Reporting Categories Beginning in fall 2008, several changes began to take effect regarding reporting of data (1) by race/ethnicity, (2) by level of study, and (3) within the Finance component.9 These changes are being phased in, and began with the option during the 2008-09 IPEDS collection year to report race/ethnicity, level of study, and the Finance component data using the historical categories or using the new categories. For the 2009-10 IPEDS collection, use of the new race/ethnicity categories is still optional, as is the new Finance aligned form. However, the change to level of study is now mandatory. Regarding the changes to race/ethnicity reporting, institutions can report via the historical categories, with seven race/ethnicity categories; the new categories, with nine race/ethnicity categories; 10 or a combination of the old and new categories. The seven historic categories are American Indian or Alaska Native; Asian, Native Hawaiian, or Pacific Islander; Black or African American; Hispanic or Latino; White; race/ethnicity unknown; and nonresident alien. The nine new categories are American Indian or Alaska Native; Asian; Black or African American; Hispanic or Latino; Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander; White; Two or more races; race/ethnicity unknown; and nonresident alien. During the phase-in period, the new Asian and new Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander categories will not be displayed separately for reporting purposes, but will be combined to correspond to the historic category of Asian, Native Hawaiian, or Pacific Islander. For the spring 2010 collection, the Enrollment and Graduation Rates components are both affected by these race/ethnicity reporting options. 9 For more information, see http://nces.ed.gov/ipeds/submit_data/changes0809.asp. The Department of Education’s final guidance on implementing the Office of Management and Budget’s 1997 Standards for Maintaining, Collecting, and Presenting Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity officially adopted the new categories and prescribed the implementation schedule. This guidance took effect on December 3, 2007. 10 A-15 The use of the Two or more races category will likely decrease aggregate counts in the other race/ ethnicity categories because students classified into the Two or more races category might previously have been classified into one of the other categories. For the Enrollment component, 1,931 institutions in the United States and other jurisdictions utilized the Two or more races category and reported a total of 6,840,256 students enrolled, of which 89,556 (1.3 percent) were classified into the Two or more races category. The total number of students reported at these institutions make up 32.2 percent of the 21,248,394 students reported to be enrolled at all Title IV institutions, and students classified into the Two or more races category represent 0.4 percent of the total enrollment at Title IV institutions. For the Graduation Rates component, 295 institutions utilized the Two or more races category, reporting an adjusted cohort of 2,852 students and 1,675 completers in that category. The students in the adjusted cohort who were classified into the Two or more races category represent 2.0 percent of the 142,919 total students in the adjusted cohort at these institutions, and the completers classified into the Two or more races category make up 2.1 percent of the 79,162 completers at these institutions. The total adjusted cohort at these 295 institutions represents 6.1 percent of the 2,352,984 students in the adjusted cohort at all Title IV institutions, and the total completers make up 7.2 percent of the 1,093,903 completers at all Title IV institutions. Individuals classified into the Two or more races category form 0.1 percent of the total adjusted cohort at Title IV institutions, and 0.2 percent of the total completers. The change to level of study eliminates the first-professional category and affects only the Enrollment component. This change is required for the spring 2010 collection. All students formerly classified as first-professional students must now be reported as graduate students. Revisions to the Finance component are intended to facilitate comparison between public and private institutions. No new data are being reported, so aggregate totals will not be affected. The lengths of the optional reporting periods for these changes differ by component and by the type of change. For the 2010-11 IPEDS collection, the use of the new race/ethnicity categories will become mandatory for the Enrollment component and the changes to the Finance component will be required; and for the 2011-12 IPEDS collection, the use of the new race/ethnicity categories will become mandatory for the Graduation Rates component. As a result of these optional reporting categories, caution should be exercised when drawing conclusions from the data presented in this First Look. Data presented in this report on students of Two or more races are based on only those institutions that reported using the optional new race/ethnicity categories and are not representative of all students who could be classified into Two or more races. In light of the required reporting changes and remaining optional periods, comparisons between data from prior IPEDS collections and the data presented in this First Look should be undertaken with caution. Survey Procedures The IPEDS spring 2010 data collection was entirely web-based. Each institution designated a keyholder, who was the person responsible for ensuring that data submitted by the institution were correct. The keyholder could generate UserIDs and passwords for up to six additional survey respondents who could also enter and review data. For most institutions, keyholders were also required to edit and “lock” the data; locking is equivalent to submitting completed data to NCES. A-16 Additionally, many states or systems had one or more coordinators who took responsibility for a specified group of institutions to ensure that all data were entered correctly. Some coordinators may be responsible for a system of institutions (e.g., SUNY—the State University of New York); others may coordinate all or some institutions in a state. Also, coordinators may elect to provide different levels of review. For example, some may only view data provided by their institutions, while others may upload data from state databases, review, and/or lock data for their institutions. For the 2009-10 IPEDS data collections, keyholders were asked to register prior to the fall 2009 data collection. Registration information, including UserIDs and passwords, were e-mailed to existing keyholders in early August. Also in early August, letters were sent to chief executive officers (CEOs) at institutions without preregistered keyholders requesting that they appoint a keyholder for the 2009-10 collection year. The package included a letter for the keyholder and a registration certificate with the institution’s UserID and password for the entire 2009-10 collection period. Subsequent registration mailings were sent to CEOs at institutions at which a keyholder had still not been registered in late August and late September. At the beginning of the winter and spring collections (in early December and early March, respectively), e-mail messages were sent to registered keyholders and coordinators requesting that they update or confirm their registration contact information when the collections opened. Schools were allowed to designate a new keyholder at any time during the collection year, if needed. As with previous IPEDS studies, follow-up for nonresponse was conducted with CEOs, coordinators, and keyholders via mail, e-mail, and telephone throughout all three collection periods. The web-based survey instruments offered many features designed to improve the quality and timeliness of the data. As indicated above, survey respondents were required to register before entering 2009-10 data to ensure a point of contact between NCES/IPEDS and the institution. Online data entry forms were tailored to each institution based on characteristics such as degreegranting status, control of institution (public, private not-for-profit, private for-profit), and level of institution (4-year, 2-year, and less-than-2-year). When data from previous years were available for an institution, they were preloaded on the customized forms for easy reference and comparison purposes. Once the 2009-10 data were entered, either manually or through file upload, the keyholders were required to run edit checks (programmed into the web system based on criteria determined by NCES) and resolve all identified errors before they were able to lock (submit) their data. Once data were locked, they were considered submitted, regardless of whether or not the coordinator had reviewed the submission. Once the data were complete and all locks were applied, IPEDS help desk staff conducted a final review of all edit error explanations and of all caveats. Additionally, a randomly selected sample of institutions had their complete data visually reviewed. If any additional problems were detected, the help desk staff contacted the institutions to resolve any remaining questions. Once the data were reviewed and, if necessary, problems resolved, most data were migrated to the IPEDS Data Center, where they were made available to other responding institutions for comparison purposes. A-17 Edit Procedures Edit checks are built into the web-based data collection instrument to detect major reporting errors. The system automatically generates percentages for many data elements, and totals for each survey page. Based on these calculations, edit checks compared current responses to previously reported data. The percent variance necessary to trigger an edit check varied depending on the data element being compared, but typically were considered out of the expected range if the variance was greater than 25 percent. Edit checks can be run by the keyholder at any time during the collection, and all edit failures were required to be resolved before the keyholder could lock the data. As edit checks are executed, survey respondents are allowed to correct any errors detected by the system. If data were entered correctly but failed the edit checks, the survey respondents were asked either to confirm that the data were correct as entered or to key in a text message explaining why the data appeared to be out of the expected data range. Additionally, some edit failures were “fatal”; in these cases, the data had to be corrected by the keyholder rather than confirmed or explained. For the Graduation Rates component, respondents were permitted to change the initial cohort (previously reported numbers brought forward from responses to the Enrollment component) if the data were originally reported incorrectly. Survey respondents are also provided with a caveats box for each survey component and are encouraged to use this area to explain any special circumstances that might not be evident in their reported data. Enrollment The Enrollment component had several automated edit checks designed to ensure internal consistency. Among them, the number of full-time, first-time degree/certificate-seeking undergraduate students had to be less than or equal to the total number of students. Student counts, by level, were compared to activity hours reported in earlier components to ensure that the numbers of undergraduate and graduate students were reported in a way that was consistent with previously reported data. For this collection cycle, Part C (first time students reported by state of residence, U.S. territory, or foreign country) data were optional. However, if reported, total students from Part C had to equal the number reported in Part A (reported by race/ethnicity), by full-time/part-time status. In addition, total first-time degree/certificateseeking students in Part A (reported by race/ethnicity) had to equal total first-time degree/certificate-seeking students in Part B (reported by age). If the system detected discrepancies in the numbers reported in Parts A, B, and C, balance amounts were generated and these balances were entered into “unknown” fields. Additionally, current year data for all sections were compared to data from previous years, and large discrepancies (typically 25 percent or greater) had to be justified by the keyholder in the edit explanations. Finance For the Finance component, current year data were compared to the previous year’s data and large changes from one year to the next had to be justified in the edit explanations. In the version of the Finance component for private not-for-profit institutions, total net assets had to equal total unrestricted net assets plus total restricted net assets. Total net assets also had to equal total assets minus total liabilities. For all versions of the Finance component, selected fields—such as other sources of revenue, other expenses, and long-term debt outstanding at the end of the fiscal year—were generated by the collection system using predetermined formulas. Institutions were instructed to review the generated totals and resolve any data entry errors. A-18 Graduation Rates For the Graduation Rates component, the initial cohort of full-time/first-time degree- or certificate-seeking students was preloaded using data collected in the Enrollment survey for the applicable cohort year in order to ensure consistent reporting. Revisions to the initial cohort were permitted if better data had become available, and such revisions were to be explained in the caveat boxes. Individual cells were summed to ensure that they did not exceed the revised cohort for any race/ethnicity or gender classification. Institutions reporting very high or very low numbers of completers (as a percentage of the total cohort) were required to explain this anomaly. Finally, if cohort members were reported for either section of the Graduation Rates component (bachelor’s-seeking or other-than-bachelor’s-seeking), data had to be reported in each applicable section. Graduation Rates 200 For the Graduation Rates 200 component, data on the cohort of full-time, first-time degree- or certificate-seeking students, exclusions from the cohort, and completers within 150 percent of normal program completion time were preloaded from the Graduation Rates component covering the appropriate cohort year. Individual cells were summed to ensure that they did not exceed the revised cohort. Institutions reporting very high or very low numbers of completers within 150 to 200 percent of normal program completion time, or reporting high numbers of additional cohort exclusions (as a percentage of the cohort), were required to explain this anomaly and make necessary corrections. Student Financial Aid For the Student Financial Aid component of the survey, the number of full-time, first-time students had to be less than or equal to the total number of undergraduate students enrolled. The number of full-time, first-time students who received any financial aid during the full academic year had to be less than or equal to the number of full-time, first-time undergraduate students, and the total aid received by the first-time, full-time students had to be less than the total aid received by the total undergraduates. For public institutions that charged by residency, the sum of in-district, in-state, and out-of-state full-time, first-time undergraduate students could not exceed the number of full-time, first-time undergraduate students as reported in Part B. The number of full-time, first-time undergraduate students receiving federal grants could not exceed the number of full-time, first-time undergraduate students who received any financial aid during the full academic year. The same criteria applied to state/local grants, institutional grants, and loans to students. In Part D, the average amount of aid received by first-time, full-time students was compared to the previous year, and large discrepancies (typically 15 percent or greater) had to be justified by the keyholder in the edit explanations. In Part E, average aid received in each income category was compared to the next lower income category, and instances where higher average aid was received by students with higher incomes had to be justified by the keyholder in the edit explanations Imputation Procedures The Enrollment data, Finance data, Graduation Rates data, Graduation Rates 200 data, and Student Financial Aid data were all subject to imputation for nonresponse—both institutional nonresponse and item nonresponse. In addition, the set of institutions eligible for imputation or to serve as a donor was restricted to institutions satisfying all of the following conditions: A-19  The institution must participate in Title IV student financial aid programs.  The institution must be currently active11 in IPEDS.  The institution must not be an administrative office.  The institution must not be a child institution (a child institution’s data are reported by another institution, referred to as the parent).  For the Graduation Rates and Graduation Rates 200 components, the institution must have enrolled full-time, first-time students for the appropriate cohort year. Enrollment For the Enrollment component, 81 imputation groups were formed primarily based on institutional sector and undergraduate, and graduate offerings. The following imputation methods were used (in order of preference) to impute missing enrollment data:  Carry Forward—Reported 2008 (or 2007) enrollment data were carried forward to the current year. The number of students reported in 2008 (or 2007) was used as the base value for the imputation. This base value was then multiplied by either the ratio of current year to past year median part-time students or the ratio of current year to past year median full-time students (whichever was applicable) within the imputation group to adjust for year-to-year change. Medians were determined within imputation groups.  Nearest Neighbor—The completions data for academic year 2008-09 were used in defining the distance measure for this method. In particular, the distance between two institutions was defined as the maximum relative difference in award count among the levels of study (undergraduate and graduate). The nearest neighbor of the imputee was selected from the responding institutions in the same imputation group as the donor. The donor’s fall enrollment counts were multiplied by the ratio of the imputee’s award count to the donor’s award count to adjust for the difference between the two institutions. These adjusted values were used as the imputed values.  Group Median—For each imputation group, the median enrollment count of all responding institutions was calculated. The responding institution that had the closest enrollment count to this median was designated as the median institution. Enrollment counts were imputed using the values from the median institution. For public institutions, if there were at least three donors from the imputee’s state, the median institution was chosen from the institutions within the same state as the imputee. Otherwise, the median institution was chosen from the entire imputation group. For total nonrespondents, if there were past enrollment data, then the Carry Forward method was used. Alternately, if there were past completions data, the Nearest Neighbor method was used. Otherwise the Group Median method was used. Partial imputations were also conducted using the above methods when an entire part of the Enrollment component was missing. 11 Institutions that did not respond were verified as currently active (open for business) prior to imputation through telephone calls and e-mail. A-20 Table A-3 provides the fall enrollment counts (reported and imputed) and percentages that were imputed for all Title IV institutions in the United States, by control of institution, student level, attendance status, gender, degree-granting status, and age of student. Table A-4 provides counts of students enrolling for the first time at an institution (reported and imputed) and percentages that were imputed for all Title IV academic year institutions, by control of institution and degree-granting status. Table A-5 provides the number and percentage of institutions with imputed 1-year retention rates for first-time degree/certificate-seeking undergraduate students for all Title IV institutions in the United States, by control, degree-granting status, and attendance status. Table A-3. Enrollment and percentage imputed for all Title IV institutions, by control of institution, student level, attendance status, gender, degree-granting status, and age of student: United States, fall 2009 Student level, attendance status, gender, degreegranting status, and age of student All students Total Imputed Public Imputed Private not-for-profit Imputed Private for-profit Imputed Fall Fall Fall Fall enrollment Number Percent enrollment Number Percent enrollment Number Percent enrollment Number Percent 20,966,826 615 # 14,936,382 0 0.0 3,791,418 35 # 2,239,026 580 # Undergraduate First-time, first-year Other undergraduate Graduate 18,104,116 3,423,880 599 244 # 13,512,290 # 2,416,376 0 0 0.0 0.0 2,619,465 522,927 19 4 # # 1,972,361 484,577 580 240 # # 14,680,236 2,862,710 355 16 # 11,095,914 # 1,424,092 0 0 0.0 0.0 2,096,538 1,171,953 15 16 # # 1,487,784 266,665 340 0 # 0.0 Full time Part time 13,163,220 7,803,606 395 220 # # 8,608,313 6,328,069 0 0 0.0 0.0 2,828,718 962,700 23 12 # # 1,726,189 512,837 372 208 # # Men Women 8,952,577 12,014,249 199 416 # # 6,570,514 8,365,868 0 0 0.0 0.0 1,606,460 2,184,958 17 18 # # 775,603 1,463,423 182 398 # # Degree-granting Non-degree-granting 20,427,711 539,115 35 580 # 14,810,642 0.1 125,740 0 0 0.0 0.0 3,765,083 26,335 35 0 # 0.0 1,851,986 387,040 0 580 0.0 0.1 Age of student Under 18 775,037 0 0.0 697,904 0 0.0 66,396 0 0.0 10,737 0 0.0 18-19 4,382,891 42 # 3,390,708 0 0.0 807,949 1 # 184,234 41 # 20-21 4,083,922 93 # 3,038,779 0 0.0 805,680 2 # 239,463 91 # 22-24 3,400,363 204 # 2,495,441 0 0.0 589,494 3 # 315,428 201 0.1 25-29 3,054,863 169 # 2,006,465 0 0.0 577,063 4 # 471,335 165 # 30-34 1,694,576 143 # 1,063,847 0 0.0 298,099 4 # 332,630 139 # 35-39 1,170,546 72 # 719,625 0 0.0 204,101 2 # 246,820 70 # 40-49 1,495,255 53 # 933,567 0 0.0 268,029 6 # 293,659 47 # 50-64 755,796 11 # 498,177 0 0.0 133,853 10 # 123,766 1 # 65 and over 71,812 3 # 61,807 0 0.0 6,537 3 # 3,468 0 0.0 Age unknown 81,765 9 # 30,062 0 0.0 34,217 0 0.0 17,486 9 0.1 # Rounds to zero. NOTE: Table is restricted to U.S. institutions only. One institution in other jurisdictions required imputation. This table is based on the enrollment by race/ethnicity and gender section (Part A) of the Enrollment component. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2010, Enrollment component. A-21 Table A-4. Entering class of undergraduate students and percentage imputed for all Title IV academic year institutions, by control of institution and degree-granting status: United States, fall 2009 Total Imputed Entering class Number Percent Degree-granting status All institutions 5,045,210 7 # Public Imputed Entering class Number Percent 4,039,814 0 0.0 Private not-for-profit Imputed Entering class Number Percent Private for-profit Imputed Entering class Number Percent 738,619 266,777 7 # 0 0.0 Degree-granting 5,045,210 7 # 4,039,814 0 0.0 738,619 7 # 266,777 0 0.0 Non-degree-granting † † † † † † † † † † † † † Not applicable. # Rounds to zero. NOTE: Table is restricted to U.S. institutions only. No institutions in other jurisdictions required imputation. This table is based on the total entering class section (Part D) of the Enrollment component. Total entering class consists of all first-time, first-year undergraduate students and students transferring into any undergraduate classification (if the student had not previously attended the institution) enrolling at a particular institution in the fall term, regardless of degree/certificate-seeking status and full/part-time status. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2010, Enrollment component. Table A-5. Number and percentage of Title IV institutions with imputed 1-year retention rates for first-time degree/certificate-seeking undergraduate students, by control, degree-granting status, and attendance status: United States, fall 2009 Degree-granting status and attendance status All institutions Total Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit Imputed Imputed Imputed Imputed All All All All institutions Number Percent institutions Number Percent institutions Number Percent institutions Number Percent 5,835 9 0.2 1,918 2 0.1 1,414 1 0.1 2,503 6 0.2 Full-time students Part-time students 5,796 3,680 8 6 0.1 0.2 1,913 1,781 2 2 0.1 0.1 1,406 707 1 1 0.1 0.1 2,477 1,192 5 3 0.2 0.3 Degree-granting 3,949 2 0.1 1,615 1 0.1 1,297 1 0.1 1,037 0 0.0 Full-time students Part-time students 3,930 2,750 2 2 0.1 0.1 1,615 1,570 1 1 0.1 0.1 1,290 677 1 1 0.1 0.1 1,025 503 0 0 0.0 0.0 Non-degree-granting 1,886 7 0.4 303 1 0.3 117 0 0.0 1,466 6 0.4 Full-time students 1,866 6 0.3 298 1 0.3 116 0 0.0 1,452 5 0.3 Part-time students 930 4 0.4 211 1 0.5 30 0 0.0 689 3 0.4 NOTE: Table is restricted to U.S. institutions only. One institution in other jurisdictions required imputation. This table is based on the retention rate section (Part E) of the Enrollment component. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2010, Enrollment component. Finance For the Finance component, Parts A through E of the public GASB reporting form, the private not-for-profit FASB reporting form, and the private for-profit F-3 reporting form were subject to imputation. The imputation groups were created separately for public, private not-for-profit, and private for-profit institutions. Forty-seven imputation groups were formed based primarily on institutional sector, graduate offering, medical degree offering, state (for public only), and religious affiliation (for private not-for-profit only). A-22 The following imputation methods were used (in order of preference) to impute missing data in the Finance component of the survey:  Carry Forward—Reported prior finance data were carried forward to the current year. The values were then multiplied by a median inflation adjustment from within the imputation group to account for year-to-year change. For variables deemed proportional to enrollment, such as total tuition and fees or total student grants, further adjustment by full-time equivalent (FTE) enrollment ratios was made.  Nearest Neighbor FTE—Data from a nearest neighbor of the imputee based on previous years’ FTE enrollment values within the imputation group were used as the imputed values. An imputee/donor FTE adjustment for variables closely related to FTE was made to the imputed values. For public imputees, only institutions within the same state as the imputee were considered as potential donors. If there were no potential donors within the same state, then this restriction did not apply.  Nearest Neighbor EAP (Employees by Assigned Position)—Data from a nearest neighbor of the imputee based on the current or previous year EAP data within the imputation group were used as the imputed values. The number of total employees reported in the EAP dataset was used in defining the distance measure. An imputee/donor adjustment, based on the EAP data, was made to the imputed values. For public imputees, only institutions within the same state as the imputee were considered as potential donors. If there were no potential donors within the same state, then this restriction did not apply. If an institution was a nonrespondent and had finance data from at least 1 of the previous 2 years, then the Carry Forward method was used. If finance data from the previous 2 years were not available but enrollment data were, then the Nearest Neighbor-FTE method was used. If neither finance nor enrollment data were available, the Nearest Neighbor-EAP method was used if the EAP data for the previous years were available. Partial nonresponse was determined by comparison with the existing past data. Partial nonrespondents were imputed by applying the above methods to the missing parts. Because no information was available on whether nonrespondents adopted GASB or FASB to prepare their financial statements, public imputees were imputed using data from public GASB donors. Private not-for-profit imputees were imputed using data from private not-for-profit donors, not from public FASB donors. Table A-6 provides the revenues and expenditures/expenses (reported and imputed) as well as the percentages of these amounts that were imputed for all Title IV institutions in the United States, by control of institution and type of funds. A-23 Table A-6. Revenues and expenses and the percentages imputed for Title IV institutions, by control of institution and type of funds: United States, fiscal year 2009 1 Total Imputed Total funds Amount (in (in thousands) thousands) Percent Type of funds Total revenues and investment returns Tuition and fees Government appropriations, grants, and contracts Federal State and local Private gifts, grants, and contracts Sales and services of educational activities Auxiliary enterprises Hospitals Contributions from affiliated entities Investment return Independent operations revenue Other revenue Total expenses Instruction Research and public service Academic support, student services, and institutional support Operation and maintenance of plant Scholarships and fellowships/aid Auxiliary enterprises Hospitals Independent operations Other expenses $361,489,368 $13,419 125,957,274 6,054 # 157,198,621 58,506,979 98,691,642 1,997 60 1,936 22,384,340 Public (GASB) Imputed Total funds Amount (in (in thousands) thousands) Percent # $261,526,673 2 Public (FASB) Imputed Total funds Amount (in (in thousands) thousands) Percent $4,689 # $7,257,874 $0 0.0 49,590,033 45 # 2,474,299 0 0.0 # # # 134,921,471 39,913,162 95,008,309 1,935 30 1,905 # # # 2,266,157 1,142,739 1,123,417 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 # 5,311,649 0 0.0 586,158 0 0.0 5,571,133 35,313,131 42,104,882 71 0 0 # 0.0 0.0 † 20,707,032 25,274,181 † 0 0 † 0.0 0.0 166,924 651,288 2,027,702 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,298,036 -73,687,562 266 1 # # † -8,297,690 † 0 † 0.0 7 -1,183,564 0 0 0.0 0.0 6,436,217 38,913,296 0 1,718 0.0 # 1,014,727 33,005,269 0 -422 0.0 # 21,933 246,971 0 0 0.0 0.0 436,080,805 10,143 # 266,016,012 3,129 # 8,277,403 0 0.0 131,464,816 3,099 # 77,446,506 155 # 2,154,737 0 0.0 57,129,163 13 # 37,813,267 0 0.0 1,683,316 0 0.0 115,150,213 2,419 # 57,535,766 358 # 1,662,997 0 0.0 11,553,269 0 0.0 11,553,269 0 0.0 † † † 11,957,128 36,218,684 38,477,845 38 0 0 # 0.0 0.0 11,131,390 21,490,742 24,440,745 12 0 0 # 0.0 0.0 14,289 623,317 2,106,259 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,374,918 27,754,769 0 2,743 0.0 # 1,194,098 23,410,228 0 1,561 0.0 # 22,340 10,147 0 0 0.0 0.0 See notes at end of table. A-24 Table A-6. Revenues and expenses and the percentages imputed for Title IV institutions, by control of institution and type of funds: United States, fiscal year 2009—Continued Type of funds Total revenues and investment returns Tuition and fees Government appropriations, grants, and contracts Federal State and local Private gifts, grants, and contracts Sales and services of educational activities Auxiliary enterprises Hospitals Contributions from affiliated entities Investment return Independent operations revenue Other revenue Total expenses Private not-for-profit Imputed Total funds Amount (in (in thousands) thousands) Percent Private for-profit Imputed Total funds Amount (in (in thousands) thousands) Percent $69,299,673 $1,307 # $23,405,149 $7,423 # 53,870,924 884 # 20,022,017 5,125 # 18,093,709 15,683,156 2,410,552 61 30 31 # # # 1,917,285 1,767,921 149,364 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 16,401,236 30 # 85,297 0 0.0 4,803,926 13,559,084 14,802,999 # 0 0 # 0.0 0.0 600,283 395,728 † 71 0 † # 0.0 † 1,298,029 -64,254,340 266 0 # 0.0 † 48,031 † 1 † # 5,399,557 5,324,549 0 66 0.0 # † 336,507 † 2,074 † 0.6 141,951,497 1,281 # 19,835,893 5,733 # Instruction 46,647,176 798 # 5,216,397 2,146 # Research and public 17,613,067 0 0.0 19,512 13 0.1 service Academic support, student services, and institutional support 43,317,822 447 # 12,633,628 1,614 # Operation and maintenance of plant † † † † † † Scholarships and 758,844 0 0.0 52,604 26 # fellowships/aid Auxiliary enterprises 13,707,921 0 0.0 396,704 0 0.0 Hospitals 11,930,840 0 0.0 † † † Independent operations 5,158,480 0 0.0 † † † Other expenses 2,817,346 35 # 1,517,048 1,147 0.1 † Not applicable. # Rounds to zero. 1 Public institutions that use Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) standards to prepare their financial statements. 2 Public institutions that use Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) standards to prepare their financial statements. NOTE: All public FASB data are reported, not imputed, because public imputees are imputed using data from public GASB donors. This table is restricted to U.S. institutions only. One institution in other jurisdictions required imputation. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2010, Finance component. A-25 Graduation Rates For the GRS component, all sections were subject to imputation. Missing data on cohort size, completers, transfers, and exclusions were imputed, as was the associated detailed information (e.g., completers within a specified number of years from entry). The variables used to define imputation groups for the GRS component were  sector;  medical offering;  graduate offering;  bachelor’s degree offering; and  less-than-1-year or at-least-1-but-less-than-2-years or associate’s degree or at-least-2-butless-than-4-years offerings. Each combination of the above criteria formed a unique imputation group. Imputation groups for institutions in sector 9 (private for-profit less-than-2-year institutions) were also defined by the combination of less-than-1-year and at-least-1-but-less-than-2-year offerings. A donor was selected from the same imputation group as the imputee. The following imputation methods were used (in order of preference) to impute missing data in the GRS component of the survey:  Carry Forward—The imputed school’s previous year’s data were used as the donor values. No year-to-year adjustment was necessary because the graduation rate for last year’s cohort is the best estimate of the graduation rate for this year’s cohort.  Nearest Neighbor—The responding institution with the nearest “distance” to the imputee within the imputee’s imputation group was used as the donor. The distance was calculated from a predicted graduation rate and either the Completions data or the Enrollment data. The predicted rate was developed using a logistic model with covariates from the Completions and Enrollment components.  Group Median—A median institution in each imputation group was determined and used as a donor for imputees in that imputation group. If a nonrespondent institution had GRS data in either of the previous 2 years, then the Carry Forward procedure was used. When previous years’ data were not available, the Nearest Neighbor imputation method was used if sufficient data were available. Otherwise, the Group Median imputation procedure was used. Group Median and Nearest Neighbor imputations were performed within the 24 imputation groups formed for the GRS component. Table A-7 provides the GRS graduation rate component counts (reported and imputed) and percentages that were imputed for all Title IV institutions in the United States, by control of institution and student level. A-26 Table A-7. Student graduation rate component counts and number and percentage imputed for all Title IV institutions, by control of institution and student level: United States, cohort years 2003 and 2006 Student level Section II—Bachelor’s degree-seeking Bachelor’s or equivalent degree-seeking subcohort Total exclusions Adjusted bachelor’s or equivalent degree-seeking subcohort Total completers within 150% Completers of programs of <2 years Completers of programs of 2-4 years Completers of bachelor’s or equivalent degrees Completed the program in 4 years or less Completed the program in 5 years Completed the program in 6 years Total transfer-out students (noncompleters) Noncompleters enrolled and noncompleters not 1 enrolled Still enrolled in programs of 5 years or longer 1 Other noncompleters Section III—Other than bachelor’s degree-seeking at 4-year institutions Other than bachelor’s degree-seeking subcohort Total exclusions Adjusted other than bachelor’s degree-seeking subcohort Total completers within 150% Completers of programs of <2 years Completers of programs of 2-4 years Completers of bachelor’s or equivalent degrees Total transfer-out students (noncompleters) Noncompleters enrolled and noncompleters not 1 enrolled Still enrolled in programs of 5 years or longer 1 Other noncompleters Section IV—Degree/certificate-seeking at less-than-4-year institutions Degree/certificate-seeking subcohort Total exclusions Adjusted degree/certificate-seeking subcohort Total completers within 150% Completers of programs of <2 years Completers of programs of 2-4 years Total transfer-out students (noncompleters) Noncompleters enrolled and noncompleters not 1 enrolled Still enrolled in programs of 3 years or longer 1 Other noncompleters Students Total Imputed Number Percent Public Imputed Students Number Percent 1,299,560 5,185 0 9 0.0 0.2 828,769 2,730 0 0 0.0 0.0 1,294,375 750,069 1,893 5,444 742,732 474,921 208,613 59,198 109,311 116 27 0 4 23 50 5 0 0 # # 0.0 0.1 # # # 0.0 0.0 826,039 463,033 787 1,884 460,362 253,345 161,436 45,581 89,917 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 434,995 1,480 433,515 100 0 100 # 0.0 # 273,089 796 272,293 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 164,613 1,246 163,367 58,399 16,227 34,926 7,246 13,734 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 77,804 750 77,054 20,231 1,481 14,221 4,529 12,229 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 91,234 41 91,193 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 44,594 9 44,585 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 852,818 2,145 850,673 269,726 148,173 121,553 114,153 14 0 14 11 11 0 1 # 0.0 # # # 0.0 # 635,663 1,600 634,063 139,881 39,185 100,696 111,836 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 466,794 1,582 465,212 2 0 2 # 0.0 # 382,346 1,462 380,884 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 See notes at end of table. A-27 Table A-7. Student graduation rate component counts and number and percentage imputed for all Title IV institutions, by control of institution and student level: United States, cohort years 2003 and 2006—Continued Student level Section II—Bachelor’s degree-seeking Bachelor’s or equivalent degree-seeking subcohort Total exclusions Adjusted bachelor’s or equivalent degree-seeking subcohort Total completers within 150% Completers of programs of <2 years Completers of programs of 2-4 years Completers of bachelor’s or equivalent degrees Completed the program in 4 years or less Completed the program in 5 years Completed the program in 6 years Total transfer-out students (noncompleters) Noncompleters enrolled and noncompleters not 1 enrolled Still enrolled in programs of 5 years or longer 1 Other noncompleters Section III—Other than bachelor’s degree-seeking at 4-year institutions Other than bachelor’s degree-seeking subcohort Total exclusions Adjusted other than bachelor’s degree-seeking subcohort Total completers within 150% Completers of programs of <2 years Completers of programs of 2-4 years Completers of bachelor’s or equivalent degrees Total transfer-out students (noncompleters) Noncompleters enrolled and noncompleters not 1 enrolled Still enrolled in programs of 5 years or longer 1 Other noncompleters Private not-for-profit Imputed Students Number Percent Private for-profit Imputed Students Number Percent 420,546 2,381 0 9 0.0 0.4 50,245 74 0 0 0.0 0.0 418,165 275,624 468 3,044 272,112 215,225 44,664 12,223 18,781 116 27 0 4 23 50 5 0 0 # # 0.0 0.1 # # # 0.0 0.0 50,171 11,412 638 516 10,258 6,351 2,513 1,394 613 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 123,760 681 123,079 100 0 100 0.1 0.0 0.1 38,146 3 38,143 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25,594 178 25,416 10,228 1,246 7,086 1,896 1,013 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 61,215 318 60,897 27,940 13,500 13,619 821 492 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 14,175 32 14,143 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 32,465 0 32,465 0 0 0 0.0 † 0.0 Section IV—Degree/certificate-seeking at less-than-4-year institutions Degree/certificate-seeking subcohort 12,019 0 0.0 205,136 14 # Total exclusions 50 0 0.0 495 0 0.0 Adjusted degree/certificate-seeking subcohort 11,969 0 0.0 204,641 14 # Total completers within 150% 6,620 0 0.0 123,225 11 # Completers of programs of <2 years 4,228 0 0.0 104,760 11 # Completers of programs of 2-4 years 2,392 0 0.0 18,465 0 0.0 Total transfer-out students (noncompleters) 1,092 0 0.0 1,225 1 0.1 Noncompleters enrolled and noncompleters not 1 enrolled 4,257 0 0.0 80,191 2 # Still enrolled in programs of 3 years or longer 16 0 0.0 104 0 0.0 1 Other noncompleters 4,241 0 0.0 80,087 2 # † Not applicable. # Rounds to zero. 1 This line is calculated from the numbers in the table. It is not represented in the dataset. NOTE: This table is restricted to U.S. institutions only. Cohort year 2003 is applicable to 4-year institutions, while cohort year 2006 is applicable to 2-year and less-than-2-year institutions. One institution in other jurisdictions required imputation. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2010, Graduation Rates component. A-28 Student Financial Aid For the SFA component, all student counts and aid amounts were subject to imputation. To conduct imputations, 66 imputation groups were formed primarily based on institution sector; calendar system; medical degree offering; and graduate, bachelor, associate, and less-than-2-year award offerings. The following imputation procedures were used to impute missing data in the SFA component of the survey. If available, we first obtained  for academic year reporters, the total number of undergraduates and number of full-time, first-time degree/certificate-seeking undergraduates from the enrollment data for fall 2008; and  for program reporters, the unduplicated count of all students enrolled from the 12-Month Enrollment component unduplicated count data for academic year 2008-09. Then the following imputation methods, in order, were used to impute the remaining missing data:  Carry Forward—This method was for institutions that responded to the previous years’ SFA component. Reported prior student financial aid data were carried forward to the current year. The values were then adjusted for year-to-year changes.  Nearest Neighbor—The responding institution with the nearest distance to the imputee within the imputee’s imputation group was used as the donor. The distance was calculated from the Finance data or the Enrollment data. An imputee/donor adjustment was made to the imputed values, which consists of the ratio of the imputee’s distance measure to the donor’s distance measure.  Group Median—A median institution in each imputation group based on ranks of “student count” and “average aid amount” variables was determined and used as a donor for imputees in that imputation group. The donor’s values were assigned to the imputee with no adjustments. Table A-8 provides the number of financial aid recipients (reported and imputed) and percentages that were imputed for all Title IV institutions in the United States, by type of aid and level and control of institution. A-29 Table A-8. Number of financial aid recipients and number and percentage imputed for all Title IV institutions, by type of aid and level and control of institution: United States, academic year 2008-09 Level and control of institution Total recipients Number receiving Federal grants Imputed Number Percent State/local grants Imputed Number Number Percent receiving 1,291,795 1,065 0.1 838,096 337 # 4-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 578,266 285,851 130,461 161,954 15 0 15 0 # 0.0 # 0.0 543,336 381,633 146,790 14,913 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 491,679 301,476 6,835 183,368 71 0 16 55 # 0.0 0.2 # 277,473 255,678 3,557 18,238 32 0 16 16 # 0.0 0.4 0.1 Less-than-2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 221,850 11,616 8,157 202,077 979 0 0 979 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.5 17,287 5,036 2,121 10,130 305 0 0 305 1.8 0.0 0.0 3.0 Level and control of institution Total recipients Institutional grants Imputed Number Number Percent receiving Loans to students Imputed Number Number Percent receiving 935,249 10 # 1,564,830 1,050 0.1 4-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 812,161 374,537 376,914 60,710 4 0 4 0 # 0.0 # 0.0 977,898 472,222 295,339 210,337 18 0 18 0 # 0.0 # 0.0 2-year Public Private not-for-profit Private for-profit 106,698 77,900 4,274 24,524 4 0 0 4 # 0.0 0.0 # 365,763 147,217 6,855 211,691 229 224 0 5 0.1 0.2 0.0 # Less-than-2-year 16,390 2 # 221,169 803 Public 1,472 0 0.0 6,532 0 Private not-for-profit 644 0 0.0 4,784 0 Private for-profit 14,274 2 # 209,853 803 # Rounds to zero. NOTE: Table is restricted to U.S. institutions only. One institution in other jurisdictions required imputation. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2010, Student Financial Aid component. A-30 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.4 Graduation Rates 200 For the GR200 component, all fields were subject to imputation. Missing data on cohort size, completers, and exclusions were imputed, as was the associated detailed information (e.g., completers within a specified number of years from entry). The variables used to define imputation groups for the GR200 component were  sector;  degree granting status;  graduate offering;  bachelor’s degree offering; and  less-than-1-year or at-least-1-but-less-than-2-years or associate’s degree or at-least-2-butless-than-4-years offerings. Each combination of the above criteria formed a unique imputation group. Imputation groups for institutions in sector 9 (private for-profit less-than-2-year institutions) were also defined by the combination of less-than-1-year and at-least-1-but-less-than-2-year offerings. A donor was selected from the same imputation group as the imputee. The following imputation methods were used (in order of preference) to impute missing data in the GR200 component of the survey:  Carry Forward—The imputed school’s previous year’s GRS data were used as the donor values to impute data items pertaining to cohort, exclusions within 150 percent of normal program completion time, and completers within 150 percent of normal program completion time. No year-to-year adjustment was necessary because the graduation rate for the prior cohort is the best estimate of the graduation rate for the current cohort. Variables pertaining to exclusions and completers at 200 percent of normal program completion time were imputed by multiplying the imputed data covering 150 percent of normal program completion time by an adjustment ratio derived from the reported data in the imputee’s imputation group.  Nearest Neighbor—The responding institution with the nearest “distance” to the imputee within the imputee’s imputation group was used as the donor. The distance was calculated from Completions component data. If a nonrespondent institution had GRS data in either of the previous two years, then the Carry Forward procedure was used. When previous years’ data were not available, the Nearest Neighbor imputation method was used. Imputations were performed within 24 imputation groups formed for the GR200 component. Table A-9 provides the GR200 graduation rate component counts (reported and imputed) and percentages that were imputed for all Title IV institutions in the United States, by control of institution and student level. A-31 Table A-9. Student graduation rate component counts and number and percentage imputed for all Title IV institutions, by control of institution and student level: United States, cohort years 2001 and 2005 Student level Bachelor’s degree seeking students at 4-year institutions Bachelor’s or equivalent degree-seeking subcohort Total exclusions Adjusted bachelor’s or equivalent degree-seeking subcohort Total completers within 200% Completed the program in 100% of normal program completion time or less Completed the program in 150% of normal program completion time Completed the program in 200% of normal program completion time Degree/certificate-seeking at less-than-4-year institutions Degree/certificate-seeking subcohort Total exclusions Adjusted degree/certificate-seeking subcohort Total completers within 200% Completed the program in 100% of normal program completion time or less Completed the program in 150% of normal program completion time Completed the program in 200% of normal program completion time Student level Bachelor’s degree seeking students at 4-year institutions Bachelor’s or equivalent degree-seeking subcohort Total exclusions Adjusted bachelor’s or equivalent degree-seeking subcohort Total completers within 200% Completed the program in 100% of normal program completion time or less Completed the program in 150% of normal program completion time Completed the program in 200% of normal program completion time Students Total Imputed Number Percent Public Imputed Students Number Percent 1,211,807 4,326 0 0 0.0 0.0 779,003 2,595 0 0 0.0 0.0 1,207,481 726,918 0 0 0.0 0.0 776,408 453,470 0 0 0.0 0.0 438,819 0 0.0 229,226 0 0.0 254,293 0 0.0 197,959 0 0.0 33,806 0 0.0 26,285 0 0.0 1,096,792 3,353 1,093,439 475,927 999 6 993 854 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 687,824 1,793 686,031 206,062 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 253,106 425 0.2 93,416 0 0.0 168,829 355 0.2 71,404 0 0.0 53,992 74 0.1 41,242 0 0.0 Private not-for-profit Imputed Students Number Percent Private for-profit Imputed Students Number Percent 401,953 1,671 0 0 0.0 0.0 30,851 60 0 0 0.0 0.0 400,282 264,483 0 0 0.0 0.0 30,791 8,965 0 0 0.0 0.0 203,701 0 0.0 5,892 0 0.0 53,908 0 0.0 2,426 0 0.0 6,874 0 0.0 647 0 0.0 Degree/certificate-seeking at less-than-4-year institutions Degree/certificate-seeking subcohort 18,948 0 0.0 390,020 999 0.3 Total exclusions 119 0 0.0 1,441 6 0.4 Adjusted degree/certificate-seeking subcohort 18,829 0 0.0 388,579 993 0.3 Total completers within 200% 12,582 0 0.0 257,283 854 0.3 Completed the program in 100% of normal program completion time or less 8,796 0 0.0 150,894 425 0.3 Completed the program in 150% of normal program 2,883 0 0.0 94,542 355 0.4 completion time Completed the program in 200% of normal program 903 0 0.0 11,847 74 0.6 completion time NOTE: This table is restricted to U.S. institutions only. Cohort year 2001 is applicable to 4-year institutions, while cohort year 2005 is applicable to 2-year and less-than-2-year institutions. For institutions in other jurisdictions, 161 students in the cohort were imputed and 161 completers were imputed. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2010, Graduation Rates 200 component. A-32 Appendix B: Glossary of IPEDS Terms academic year: The period of time generally extending from September to June; usually equated to 2 semesters or trimesters, 3 quarters, or the period covered by a 4-1-4 calendar system. adjusted cohort: In the Graduation Rates component of IPEDS, an institution’s revised cohort minus any allowable exclusions. administrative office: The system or central office in a multicampus environment. auxiliary enterprises revenues: Revenues generated by or collected from the auxiliary enterprise operations of the institution that exist to furnish a service to students, faculty, or staff and that charge a fee that is directly related to, although not necessarily equal to, the cost of the service. Auxiliary enterprises are managed as essentially self-supporting activities. Examples are residence halls, food services, student health services, intercollegiate athletics, college unions, college stores, and movie theaters. bachelor’s or equivalent degree-seeking cohort: In the Graduation Rates component of IPEDS, a cohort of students who were seeking a bachelor’s or equivalent degree upon entry. child institution: An institution that has its data reported by another institution, known as the parent institution. cohort: A specific group of students established for tracking purposes. completers within 150 percent of normal time: Students who completed their program within 150 percent of the normal (or expected) time for completion at the same institution where the student started. component unit: This term applies to GASB institutions only. A component unit is a legally separate organization for which the governing board and/or management of the primary institution is financially accountable. It can be another organization for which the nature and significance of its relationship with a primary institution is such that exclusion would cause the primary institution’s financial statements to be misleading or incomplete. control (of institution): A classification of whether an institution is operated by publicly elected or appointed officials (public control) or by privately elected or appointed officials and derives its major source of funds from private sources (private control). coordinator: The person responsible for Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) survey related coordination activities for a specified group of schools within a state. This person may have certain viewing, verifying, and locking privileges on the data collection system. degree/certificate-seeking students: Students enrolled in courses for credit who are recognized by the institution as seeking a degree or other formal award. At the undergraduate level, this is intended to include students enrolled in vocational or occupational programs. degree-granting institution: An institution offering an associate’s, bachelor’s, master’s, or doctor’s degree. B-1 donor: A responding institution whose values are assigned to the imputee. exclusions: Those students who may be removed (deleted) from a cohort (or subcohort). For the Graduation Rates data collection, students may be removed from a cohort if they left the institution for one of the following reasons: died or were totally and permanently disabled; to serve in the armed forces; to serve with a foreign aid service of the federal government, such as the Peace Corps; or to serve on official church missions. fall cohort: The group of students entering in the fall term established for tracking purposes. For the Graduation Rates component, this includes all students who enter an institution as full-time, firsttime degree- or certificate-seeking undergraduate students during the fall term of a given year. Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB): FASB is recognized by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) as the body authorized to establish accounting standards. In practice it defers to the Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) for the setting of accounting standards for local and state government entities. federal grants: Grants provided by federal agencies such as the U.S. Department of Education, including Title IV Pell Grants and Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grants (SEOG). Also includes need-based and merit-based educational assistance funds and training vouchers provided from other federal agencies and/or federally sponsored educational benefits programs, including the Veteran’s Administration, Department of Labor, and other federal agencies. (Used for reporting on the Student Financial Aid component.) financial aid: Grants, loans, assistantships, scholarships, fellowships, tuition waivers, tuition discounts, veteran’s benefits, employer aid (tuition reimbursement) and other monies (other than from relatives/friends) provided to students to meet expenses. This includes Title IV subsidized and unsubsidized loans made directly to students. first-time student (undergraduate): A student attending any institution for the first time at the undergraduate level. Includes students enrolled in academic or occupational programs. Also includes students enrolled in the fall term who attended college for the first time in the prior summer term, as well as students who entered with advanced standing (college credits earned before graduation from high school). full-time student: Undergraduate—A student enrolled for 12 or more semester credits, or 12 or more quarter credits, or 24 or more contact hours a week each term. Graduate—A student enrolled for 9 or more semester credits, or 9 or more quarter credits, or a student involved in thesis or dissertation preparation that is considered full time by the institution. full-year cohort: The group of students entering at any time during the 12-month period September 1 through August 31 that is established for tracking and reporting Graduation Rate (GRS) data for institutions that primarily offer occupational programs of varying lengths. Students must be full time and first time to be considered in the cohort. Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB):The Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) establishes accounting standards for local and state entities including governmental colleges and universities. government appropriations (revenues): Revenues received by an institution through acts of a legislative body, except grants and contracts. These funds are for meeting current operating expenses B-2 and not for specific projects or programs. The most common example is a state’s general appropriation. Appropriations primarily to fund capital assets are classified as capital appropriations. government grants: Transfers of money or property from a government agency to the education institution without a requirement to receive anything in return. These grants may take the form of grants to the institutions to undertake research or they may be in the form of student financial aid. (Used for reporting on the Finance component.) graduate student: A student who holds a bachelor’s degree, or equivalent, and is taking courses at the post-baccalaureate level. These students may or may not be enrolled in graduate programs. graduation rate: The rate required for disclosure and/or reporting purposes under Student Right-toKnow. This rate is calculated as the total number of completers within 150 percent of normal time divided by the revised cohort minus any allowable exclusions. imputation: A method of estimating data for an entity that did not respond to a data item or survey. imputee: A nonresponding institution that has its values imputed. in-district student: A student who is a legal resident of the locality in which he/she attends school and thus is entitled to reduced tuition charges if offered by the institution. in-state student: A student who is a legal resident of the state in which he/she attends school and thus is entitled to reduced tuition charges if offered by the institution. institutional affiliation: A classification that indicates whether a private not-for-profit institution is associated with a religious group or denomination. Private not-for-profit institutions may be either independent or religiously affiliated. institutional grants: Scholarships and fellowships granted and funded by the institution and/or individual departments within the institution (i.e., instruction, research, public service) that may contribute indirectly to the enhancement of these programs. Includes scholarships targeted to certain individuals (e.g., based on state of residence, major field of study, athletic team participation) for which the institution designates the recipient. keyholder: The person designated by an official institutional representative to have in their possession the necessary UserID and password to gain access to the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) data collection system to complete the survey. The keyholder is responsible for entering data and locking the site by each survey completion date. level (of institution): A classification of whether an institution’s programs are 4 years or more (4year), at least 2 but less than 4 years (2-year), or less than 2 years (less-than-2-year). loans to students: Any monies that must be repaid to the lending institution for which the student is the designated borrower. Includes all Title IV subsidized and unsubsidized loans and all institutionally and privately sponsored loans. Does not include PLUS and other loans made directly to parents. nonresident alien: A person who is not a citizen or national of the United States and who is in this country on a visa or temporary basis and does not have the right to remain indefinitely. B-3 normal time to completion: The amount of time necessary for a student to complete all requirements for a degree or certificate according to the institution’s catalog. This is typically 4 years (8 semesters or trimesters, or 12 quarters, excluding summer terms) for a bachelor’s degree in a standard term-based institution; 2 years (4 semesters or trimesters, or 6 quarters, excluding summer terms) for an associate’s degree in a standard term-based institution; and the various scheduled times for certificate programs. non-degree-granting institution: An institution offering only postbaccalaureate or post-master’s certificates, or certificates or diplomas of 4 years or less. Office of Postsecondary Education (OPE): OPE formulates federal postsecondary education policy and administers programs that address critical national needs in support of its mission to increase access to quality postsecondary education. other degree-seeking subcohort: A cohort of students who were seeking a degree or certificate other than a bachelor’s degree upon entry. out-of-state student: A student who is not a legal resident of the state in which he/she attends school. parent institution: An institution that reports data for another institution, known as the child institution. part-time student: Undergraduate—A student enrolled for either 11 semester credits or less, or 11 quarter credits or less, or less than 24 contact hours a week each term. Graduate—A student enrolled for either 8 semester credits or less, or 8 quarter credits or less, excluding those involved in thesis or dissertation preparation that is considered full time by the institution. Postsecondary Education Participation System (PEPS): Database used by OPE to track all institutions eligible for Title IV federal student financial aid programs. postsecondary institution: An institution that has as its sole purpose, or one of its primary missions, the provision of postsecondary education. Postsecondary education is the provision of a formal instructional program whose curriculum is designed primarily for students beyond the compulsory age for high school. This includes programs whose purpose is academic, vocational, and continuing professional education, and excludes avocational and adult basic education programs. For IPEDS, these institutions must be open to the public. Program Participation Agreement (PPA): A written agreement between a postsecondary institution and the Secretary of Education. This agreement allows institutions to participate in any of the Title IV student assistance programs other than the State Student Incentive Grant (SSIG) and the National Early Intervention Scholarship and Partnership (NEISP) programs. The PPA conditions the initial and continued participation of an eligible institution in any Title IV program upon compliance with the General Provisions regulations, the individual program regulations, and any additional conditions specified in the program participation agreement that the Department of Education requires the institution to meet. Institutions with such an agreement are referred to as Title IV institutions. private for-profit institution: A private institution in which the individual(s) or agency in control receives compensation other than wages, rent, or other expenses for the assumption of risk. B-4 private not-for-profit institution: A private institution in which the individual(s) or agency in control receives no compensation, other than wages, rent, or other expenses for the assumption of risk. These include both independent not-for-profit schools and those affiliated with a religious organization. programs of less than 2 years: Programs requiring less than 2 years of full-time-equivalent collegelevel work (4 semesters or 6 quarters) or less than 1,800 contact hours to obtain a degree, diploma, certificate, or quarter in the summer. public institution: An educational institution whose programs and activities are operated by publicly elected or appointed school officials and which is supported largely by public funds. race/ethnicity: Categories developed in 1997 by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) that are used to describe groups to which individuals belong, identify with, or belong in the eyes of the community. The categories do not denote scientific definitions of anthropological origins. The designations are used to categorize U.S. citizens, resident aliens, and other eligible non-citizens. Individuals are asked to first designate ethnicity as:   Hispanic or Latino or Not Hispanic or Latino Second, individuals are asked to indicate all races that apply among the following:      American Indian or Alaska Native Asian Black or African American Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander White resident alien (and other eligible noncitizens): A person who is not a citizen or national of the United States but who has been admitted as a legal immigrant for the purpose of obtaining permanent resident alien status and who holds one of the following: an alien registration card (Form I-551 or I151), a Temporary Resident Card (Form I-688), or an Arrival-Departure Record (Form I-94) with a notation that conveys legal immigrant status such as Section 207 Refugee, Section 208 Asylee, Conditional Entrant Parolee or Cuban-Haitian. retention rate: A measure of the rate at which students persist in their educational program at an institution, expressed as a percentage. For 4-year institutions, this is the percentage of first-time bachelors (or equivalent) degree-seeking undergraduates from the previous fall who are again enrolled in the current fall. For all other institutions, this is the percentage of first-time degree/ certificate-seeking students from the previous fall who either reenrolled or successfully completed their program by the current fall. revised cohort: Initial cohort after revisions are made. This is the number from which graduation and transfer-out rates are calculated. Cohorts may be revised if an institution discovers that incorrect data were reported in an earlier year. sector: One of nine institutional categories resulting from dividing the universe according to control and level. Control categories are public, private not-for-profit, and private for-profit. Level categories are 4 years and higher (4-year), at least 2 but less than 4 years (2-year), and less than 2 years (lessthan-2-year). For example: public 4-year institutions. B-5 state and local government grants: State and local monies awarded to the institution under state and local student aid programs, including the state portion of State Student Incentives Grants (SSIG) (used for reporting Student Financial Aid data). student charges: Average amount for tuition and fees, room or board charged to all students by the institution. Tuition and fees may vary by the level of student (undergraduate or graduate). Student Right-to-Know Act: Also known as the “Student Right-to-Know and Campus Security Act” (P.L. 101-542), which was passed by Congress November 9, 1990. Title I, Section 103, requires institutions eligible for Title IV funding to disclose completion or graduation rates of certificate- or degree-seeking, full-time students entering an institution to all students and prospective students. Further, Section 104 requires each institution that participates in any Title IV program and is attended by students receiving athletically related student aid to annually submit a report to the Secretary. This report is to contain, among other things, graduation/completion rates of all students as well as students receiving athletically related student aid by race/ethnicity and gender and by sport, and the average completion or graduation rate for the four most recent years. These data are also required to be disclosed to parents, coaches, and potential student athletes when the institution offers athletically related student aid. The Graduation Rates component of IPEDS was developed specifically to help institutions respond to these requirements. subcohort: A predefined subset of the initial cohort or the revised cohort established for tracking purposes on the Graduation Rates (GRS) component of IPEDS (e.g., athletic subcohort). Title IV institution: An institution that has a written agreement with the Secretary of Education that allows the institution to participate in any of the Title IV federal student financial assistance programs (other than the State Student Incentive Grant [SSIG] and the National Early Intervention Scholarship and Partnership [NEISP] programs). transfer-in student: A student entering the reporting institution for the first time but known to have previously attended a postsecondary institution at the same level (e.g., undergraduate, graduate). The student may transfer with or without credit. transfer-out rate: Total number of students who are known to have transferred out of the reporting institution within 150 percent of normal time to completion divided by the revised cohort minus allowable exclusions. transfer-out student: A student who leaves the reporting institution and enrolls at another institution. undergraduate student: A student enrolled in a 4- or 5-year bachelor’s degree program, an associate’s degree program, or a vocational or technical program below the baccalaureate level. UserID: A series of numbers possibly with an alpha prefix that is created for a specific user to be able to access a system. For security purposes, each user is required to have a UserID and a password in order to access the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) data collection system. 2-year institution: A postsecondary institution that offers programs of at least 2 but less than 4 years’ duration. Includes occupational and vocational schools with programs of at least 1,800 hours and academic institutions with programs of less than 4 years. Does not include bachelor’s degreegranting institutions where the baccalaureate program can be completed in 3 years. B-6 4-year institution: A postsecondary institution that offers programs of at least 4 years’ duration or one that offers programs at or above the baccalaureate level. Includes schools that offer postbaccalaureate certificates only or those that offer graduate programs only. Also includes freestanding medical, law, or other first-professional schools. B-7