CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM

THE REGION 12 – REVIEWER

LESSON 1: CONTEMPORARY ART Decorative Arts - Artworks that are both

aesthetically pleasing and functional
Contemporary Art
 Contemporary art is defined the art of “now.” Example: Textile Art, Glassware, Jewelry,
 These are the artworks that are produced in Furniture, Earthenware, Metal Craft, Interior Design
the present
Contemporary Arts - The new and unusual
Types of Contemporary Arts: artforms that could be easily categorized between the
 Fine Arts fine arts and the decorative arts.
 Decorative Arts
 Performing Arts Example: Assemblage, Collage, Installation, Digital
 Music Art, Land Art, Conceptual Art
 Dance
 Theater Types of Performing Arts - When artists use their
 Film voices and/or body movements to communicate
artistic expression:
What is Art?
 Art is a tool for communication. Whether it is Music - It is defined as the manipulation of sound
a painting or a performance, as long as it is a and silence.
venue for one to express thoughts, emotions, a. Art Music - It is the umbrella term used to
or aspirations, It is considered an art. refer to music that stems from Western Classical
Music.
Art is defined as the manifestation or use of the b. Popular Music - It generally refers to music
various creative disciplines. that is accessible and commercially available to the
public through radios, televisions, and the Internet.
It is produced by human creativity and skill to c. Traditional Music - Musical forms that are
express oneself. communally and culturally based. It is diverse with
one community or group.
Types of Creative disciplines:
 Literature Dance - Regulated and deliberated order of body
 Culinary Arts movements. This movements have aesthetic value
 Media Arts and are often performed accompanied by music.
 Visual Arts a. Ballet - an artistic dance form performed to
 Performing Arts music using precise and highly formalized set steps
and gestures. originated in Renaissance Italy and
Types of Visual Arts - A wide array of artistic established its present form during the 19th century,
disciplines that are appreciated by sight: is characterized by light, graceful, fluid movements
and the use of pointe shoes.
Fine Arts - “Fine Arts” was first used to describe the
art forms created primarily for their appearance Other dance form
rather than their practical use.  Belly Dance
 Break Dance
Example:  Improvisational Dance
Drawing, Painting, Sculpture, Print, Graphic Art,  Hip-hop Dance
Calligraphy, Architecture  Modern Dance
 Contemporary Dance
 Traditional Dance
Theater/Play - Is a branch of performing arts that Art is an expression of ideas and feelings. We can
often involves integration and combination of the see it everywhere from the highest and most
visual and performing arts. expensive architectural design of a building, abstract
sculpture, and visual arts to the most entertaining
Common Theater Arts: performances in theaters, musicals, films, and
 Mime animations.
 Puppetry Tragedy
 Opera
 Musical Theater
 Traditional Theater LESSON 2: INTEGRATIVE ARTS

Why do Artists Create Art? FORMS OF ART

Visual Arts - is the expression of artistic ideas
Recognition - Some artists create art for fame and through images, structures, and tactile works.
fortune, while others use it as a livelihood. Ronald Painting, sculpture, and architecture are some of its
Ventura's painting Grayhound sold for nearly 47 examples.
million pesos in 2011, making him a historical figure.
Literary Arts - This is the expression of ideas
Worship - Artists often create for personal through the creative use of language. There are three
recognition or to glorify their creator, as seen in main categories of literary artworks:
religious structures and songs. Christian iconography  Poetry
is prevalent in artworks from the Middle Ages to the  Prose
Modern period, with Joey Velasco being a notable  Drama
example.
Performing Arts - This is the expression of ideas
Impulse - Some artists create art because they are through performance in front of an audience.
driven by impulse. It is their passion, and nothing Performing arts include dance, musicals, theaters,
makes them happier than doing their chosen art. films, and TV shows.
They consider art as life and spend their time doing
nothing but such. Art Lens
 As defined, integrative art is the
National Artist for Music Levi Celerio (1910-2002) interdisciplinary use of various art forms to
is credited to have written over 4,000 songs. produce work for a particular audience.
“Pasko na Naman” (1965) Visual, literary, and performing arts are
“Ang Pasko ay Sumapit” (1933) among the art forms that are evident in the
“Kahit Konting Pagtingin” Philippines.
“Basta’t Mahal Kita”  These forms are being utilized in expressing
“Sa Ugoy ng Duyan” (1948) past and present issues that our society has
experienced and is experiencing. Artists are
Self Expression - They express ideas and emotions becoming more exploratory, using a variety
that might not be adequately conveyed through of materials available and creative techniques
words. Each artwork is a reflection of each individual to empower their content.
artist’s personality and experiences, making each
artwork unique.

Integrative Art as Applied to Philippine LESSON 3: ELEMENTS AND PRINCIPLES OF

Contemporary Art ART

ART IS EVERYWHERE
Elements of Art - The building blocks used to create LESSON 4 - EXPLORING ARTS IN THE
art. Identifying these elements will help us evaluate PHILIPPINES
the composition of art.
TIMELINE OF PHILIPPINE ARTS
PRE-COLONIAL/INDIGENOUS
 Space - Space pertains to emptiness, which
may be positive space or negative space Cañao in the Cordillera
 Line - is a series of points that may have two  Location: North Luzon, Philippines
characteristics: form (curved, dotted, or Thanksgiving to the god of the Igorots, ‘Adi
broken) and direction (vertical, horizontal, or Kaila’, the god which we cannot see, and to
diagonal) ‘Kabunyan’, his son.
 Shape and Form - is formed by connecting  Other purposes: Healing, birth of a child,
both ends of a line. It is a two-dimensional coming of age, weddings, burial ceremonies
figure with length and width  They had instruments such as pipes, flutes,
 Color - When light bounces off an object and zithers, drums, various string instruments like
reaches our eyes, we perceive color. the kudyapi, kulintang an array of bossed
 Value - it is a property of color that pertains gongs, the gansa or flat gong, bamboo
to the lightness or darkness. percussion instruments and the agong, a large
 Texture - is the tactile or illusory surface of bossed gong
the piece.
Bulul in the Cordillera - Also known as
Principles of Art - Combination of various elements 'Tinagtaggu’ This image is a granary god that plays
to create a better visual representation. an important role in rituals

Panglay in Sulu - For the dance movements they

 Scale and Proportion - It refers to the mimic movements of the animals, and elements from
relationship of the elements, particularly the nature.
relative size of parts of a whole.
 Harmony - It is the unity of the artwork, Manunggul Jar (Palawan, Philippines) - A
specifically in reference to the arrangement secondary burial vessel where buried bones were
of its parts. positioned.
 Variety - It refers to diversity. This means Late Neolithic Period (890-710 BC)
adding multiple elements to break the
artwork’s monotony and make it more Textiles - Not only useful, as they also convey the
interesting. belief system of people: the respect for spirits and
 Movement - Serves as one of the nature, criteria for the beautiful, and the structure of
fundamental principles in dance and theater. socio politics in their society
 Rhythm - It refers to the repetition of certain
elements to produce a pattern. Malong (Maranao) - Woven textile from Maranao
 Balance - It refers to the even distribution of with equisite tapestry panels called “langkit” woven
elements. in Lanao del Sur
 Emphasis and Subordination - Is a
principle that may refer to the greater impact Jewelry - It is believed that the wearer becomes
given on a certain element. On the other hand, more attractive to the opposite sex, as much as it
subordination serves as the opposite of considers pleasing to Gods.
emphasis as it refers to how certain elements
supplement the emphasized elements in a
design.  Jewelry were worn by upper class Tagalogs.
 Wearing jewelries, it is believed that the
wearer becomes more attractive to the
 opposite sex, as much as it considers pleasing Western Musical - Instruments: Violin, pipe organ,
to Gods guitar, piano

Tatoos - was given importance because it was Pasyon/Pabasa - Biblical Narration of Christ’s
believed to guard the individual from evil spirits, and passion in an improvised melody
in some cases it is a mark of maturity and bravery
 tatoos were seen among the Visayans. Awit and Corrido - (Pampanga, Ilocos, Bicol and
Corroborating early accounts to the Visayas Ilo-ilo) Secular music forms based on European
as “Islas delos Pintados” literature and history that were chanted stories.

TIMELINE OF PHILIPPINE ARTS Kundiman - is a song where the lyrics talks about
ISLAMIC COLONIAL (13TH CENTURY - love that is not reciprocated (Bayan ko)
PRESENT)
Balitao - are sentimental love songs
Mosque - Tawhid or unity of God. This belief
emphasizes the greatness of the divine being. Zarzuela/Sarsuwela - An operetta of singing and
Through the abstract forms or patterns in the interior dancing together with prose dialogues
of the mosque, the believers can concentrate
mentally, thus divine unity is achieved. Other Local Theater Artform:
 Senakulo
Sarimanok - Okir (rectilinear and curvilinear plant  Komedya
based designs and folk motifs decorations) can be  Moro-moro
seen in Tausug and Samal houses, traditional boats,  Folk Music and Dance
weapons, musical instruments, and in textiles  Cariñosa
 Pandanggo
Torogan - It is observed that Islamic arts are in  Polka
upward orientation like the panolong in torogan, the  Dansa
royal shelter of Maranao, with the regard for heaven  Rigodon
and in turning away from the “material earth”.
TIMELINE OF PHILIPPINE ARTS
TIMELINE OF PHILIPPINE ARTS AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD (1898-1940)
SPANISH COLONIAL (1521 - 1898) POST WAR REPUBLIC (1946-1969)

Faith and Catechism Secular Artforms

Ex.: Non religious arts, public education, paintings,
Example: Religious arts, churches, images of saints, stage plays, literature, architecture, modernization,
retablos, music, literary works, etc. etc.

Architecture - Churches were a combination of both Literature and Performing Arts

native and European Elements. “Colonial baroque or A Modern Filipina - First ever written play in
Philippine baroque” English by Lino Castillejo and Jesus Araullo in 1915.
 First Staged in Philippine Normal School.
Image of Saints -Inside the churches were images of About a modern Filipina who speaks frankly
saints made out of wood or ivory, displayed in and intelligently, makes her own discussions.
decorative altars called “Retablo” Keeps an open mind, and is vivacious.

Doktrina Christiana - First printed book in the Performing Arts - Originated from France and
Philippines, containing song lyrics, commandments, locally called “Bodabil”. This is a collection of
sacraments, and other catechetical materials slapsticks, songs, dance, acrobatics, comedy, skits,
chorus girls, magic arts, and stand up comic acts.
Architecture Genre paintings expressing neutral relationship
 Architect and urban planner Daniel Burnham between Filipinos and Japanese showing normalcy
was commissioned by the American of life were the most widely produced.
government to design Baguio and Manila,
where he employed Neoclassic Architecture. Neo-Realism, Abstraction, and other Modern Art
 Tomás Mapúa y Bautista (December 21, styles are Popular during this time
1888 – December 22, 1965) was a Filipino
architect, educator and businessman from the Artists during this period want to produce works of
Philippines. He was the founder and first art that would reflect their national identity and
president of the Mapúa Institute of expose the true “ social conditions” of the time.
Technology (MIT)
Manansala’s paintings are characterized by
Visual Arts transparent cubism, a style of soft fragmentation of
 During this time there was a demand for artist figures using transparent planes.
who could do illustrations in textbook or
graphic design. There was also persistence of Legaspi’s artworks have distorted images by
still life and portrait paintings. stretching or making round forms in a well ordered
composition.
Fernando Amorsolo y Cueto (1892-1972)
 Was the Philippines’ first National Artist and Ocampo is recognized with his combination of
is officially recognized as the “Grand Old geometric and biomorphic shapes with lively colors.
Man of Philippine Art”. Renowned for his
trademark luminosity and ability to render In 1950, churches of modern architectural structures
the iconic provincial Filipina, Amorsolo’s where constructed that made use of concrete material
paintings usually feature scenes in glowing and tried on rounded or parabolic forms
rural landscapes.
TIMELINE OF PHILIPPINE ARTS
TIMELINE OF PHILIPPINE ARTS CONTEMPORARY (1970 - PRESENT)
JAPANESE OCCUPATION (1941-1945)
Social Realism
National Identity
Ex.: Propagation of art and culture Architecture,
Ex.: Orientalizing/Social reformation National Paintings, Literature, Music, Performing arts, etc.
Identity, art movements, paintings, music,
architecture, etc. Martial Law
 There was a rebirth of a long lost civilization
Art Production was under scrutiny of the Japanese and aspiration to modernization and
government. Expressions which were subversive by development. The vision was to propagate an
nature or anti Japanese would tantamount to torture art and culture program.
or even Death.
Art was circulated through a network of institutions
Felipe de Leon wrote “Awit sa Paglikha ng bagong that braided the threads of the premodern,
Pilipinas”, the anthem which Spoke loyalty to the vernacular, the modern and the international.
nation.
This is the period of the 70’s and 80’s in which the
artform was a protest art that exposed the socio-
political issues and struggles at this time
This is the period of the 70’s and 80’s in which the
artform was a protest art that exposed the socio-
political issues and struggles at this time.
 PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2 – REVIEWER
The experimental and nonexperimental types of

Lesson 1: Qualities of Quantitative Research quantitative research depend on the topic and the
nature of the problem being investigated.
Quantitative Research - deals with numerical
values and how they can describe a phenomenon or The primary objective of a true experimental
infer a relationship. research design is to identify a cause-effect
relationship between the variables where the
It is the go-to approach for scientific inquiry because samples are randomized.
of its ability to test hypotheses.
Quasi-experimental research mirrors experimental
The basis of formulating and testing hypotheses are research but it is not true experimental research
variables, which are traits that numerically describe where a causal relationship can be determined with
or give meaning to an object, phenomenon, or group the use of dependent and independent variables.
of people. Quasi-experiments do not use random samples but
assigned samples.
Variables - are the ones that are usually identified,
examined, described, or correlated to answer a Descriptive Research - A nonexperimental research
scientific inquiry. design focuses on the description of factors,
variables, or phenomena that occur in nature.
2 types of Variables
 Independent Variable - is the variable that Comparative Research - Also called causal-
is manipulated, especially in experiments. comparative research, its primary objective is to
 Dependent Variable - depends on the compare two variables in order to identify whether
independent variable. there exists a causative relationship between them.

Characteristics of Quantitative Research Correlational Research - its primary objective is to

 Controllability compare two variables then identify the
 Generalizability relationship between them.
 Objectivity
 Replicability Steps in Identifying the Area of Inquiry
 The ability to choose a topic is an essential
Controllability - Quantitative research should be in skill to start a good research paper. It is
an environment where all variables are identified important that you pick out a relevant and
and can be controlled. valuable topic and maximize the resources
Generalizability - is from larger sample sizes that that you have.
the results are based on as a representative of the 1. Brainstorm Ideas
population. 2. Read, read, and read
3. Make your Matrix
Objectivity - The results of the data are observable 4. Describe your topic of interest briefly.
and measurable using structured instruments. 5. Read again.
6. Formulate your working title
Replicability - The research study should be
replicable by other teams of researchers that will
eventually come up with similar outcomes.

2 types of Quantitative Research

 Experimental
 Nonexperimental
 GENERAL CHEMISTRY 1 – REVIEWER

Mixtures and Compounds Crushing - reducing particles size of a solid

solute. Suspension - components separate over
Animal Element: Earth, Air, Fire, Water time preparing colloids requires solid particles.

Compounds - single pure substance. Decomposition Reactions - type of chemical

 specific physical and chemical characteristic reactions.
 impossible to visualize elements
 have definite mass ratios Mixtures - separated by distillation or
 law of definite composition chromatography

Mixtures - no consistent chemical and physical Heterogeneous Mixture - a manual picking some
properties reflect the properties of their consistent methods use separate heterogeneous mixture
substances.
 composed of varying water by mass Mixtures are filtration, sedimentation, decantation
(11.19%) and centrifugation.
 have variable mass ratio

Chemical Reactions - multiple Changes;arange in

color, temperature, formation of insoluble solids.

SOLID
Homogenous Mixtures - uniform; cannot be
distinguished.
 prepared by melting before mixing them
together.

LIQUID
Aqueous Solutions - uses water as rowent.

Heterogenous Mixtures - mixed from colloids

called emulsions. P = PROTONS
E =ELECTRONS
Liquid Solute - is simply added to a liquid rowent.
N = NEUTRON
Z = NUMBER OF THE ATOM
Dilution - addition of water to reduce the
concentration of a solution.
A = MASS
 prepared by mixing two immiscible liquids.
Immiscible - di nagmimix

Emulsifies - stabilizing agent to mix and form Atomic Number and Mass Number
colloids.
Atoms are not indivisible. (proton, neutron, electron)
Soap - stabilizes the mixture
Atoms in their neutral state has a 0 change due to
Stirring - increase the speed, solute dissolves in equal number of protons and electrons.
solvent.
Set of Elements - Isotopes
Heating - raising temp of solvent to be able to
extract components of solute. Atomic Number does not change during chemical
reaction.

Electrons - most mobile of cuba atomic particles.

 INTRO TO PHILO – REVIEWER

DASAL LANG
KATAPAT NETO.
IN JESUS NAME
WE PRAY, AMEN!