International Economics

Purpose – to highlight conceptual foundations of the theory of dynamic capabilities of an enterprise and to reveal its application potential.

Results. The present research identified relevant problematic aspects of the theory of dynamic capabilities of enterprises and highlighted the ways of their solution. First, it is an imperative for the further development of  fundamental base of the theory of dynamic capabilities and finding a scientifically-substantiated effective empirical procedure for their measurement. Second, there is a limited penetration of the concept of dynamic capabilities into Ukrainian scientific community and the existence of difficulties in the interpretation of the theoretical and applied English-language developments. The article revealed historical and scientific-methodical provisions for the formation of the theory of dynamic capabilities of enterprises. Authors defined conceptual provisions of the Western founders of the theory of dynamic capabilities and scientific coverage of this direction of research in Ukraine. The paper considers the potential of the application of theoretical-practical foundations of dynamic capabilities at enterprises. Methodological solutions are presented to measure the dynamic capabilities of Ukrainian enterprises.

Originality/value/scientific novelty of the research. Authors conceptualized the logic of formation of the theory of dynamic capabilities and identified promising directions of its transformation in terms of studying the basic factors that affect the performance of key human resources; the ability is proven to implement the applied measures in countries with a different type of economic system, in different sectors and markets by enterprises engaged in commercial and non-profit activities regardless of their type and size; the basics of methodology were developed for the adaptation of the English-language methodological developments to the level of their practical application at Ukrainian enterprises with the possibility of obtaining statistically significant results and their further application in order to improve efficiency.

Practical importance of the research. Results of the research provide the Ukraine-language scientific community with the possibility to explore the potential of the theory of dynamic capabilities, to create the possibility for enterprises employees to self-diagnose dynamic capabilities and to make comparisons over time of their own achievements with the success of other participants in market relations.

Research limitations/Future research. The prospect of further research is to develop a comprehensive applied mechanism for measuring the dynamic capabilities of an enterprise, which would allow the design and implementation of measures to improve profitability, as well as attaining competitive success over tactical period and maintaining it over strategic period.

Paper type – theoretical.

Special features of different innovative approaches towards shaping of organizational culture in service firms were analyzed in this paper. Methodological aspects of culture shaping were investigated. This allowed a better understanding of organizational culture as a social phenomenon: its emergence, existence, functioning, and development. It also allowed analyzing its meaning, nature, internal structure, and development logics. A particular emphasis was put on the role of an individual in society and on the development of the professional culture of the service firms’ personnel. Specific characteristics of service firms needed for the shaping of the organizational culture were defined and described. It was shown that the tools of organizational culture, such as learning and training of employees, are currently underrated.


У статті розглянуті характерні особливості інноваційних підходів до формування організаційної культури підприємств сфери послуг. Досліджено методологічні аспекти формування культури, що дозволяє зрозуміти виникнення, існування, функціонування, розвиток культури підприємства як соціального феномена, її сутності, значення, внутрішньої структури, логіки розвитку. Особливу увагу приділено місцю людини в сучасному соціумі та розвитку професійної культури співробітників підприємств сфери послуг. Сформовані та визначені особистості підприємств сфери послуг, які необхідно враховувати під час формування організаційної культури цих підприємств. Показано, що на сучасному етапі недооціненими є такі інструменти формування організаційної культури, як навчання та виховання співробітників.

глава в Сучасні трансформації організаційно-економічного механізму менеджменту та логістики суб’єктів підприємництва в системі економічної безпеки України : колект. моногр. / за заг. ред. Т. В. Гринько. – Дніпро: Біла К.О., 2017 – 487 с. (С.373-389)

The article analyzes and presents the results of international experience of integration development in the field of tourism and hospitality, modern and efficient methods of integration in the field of tourism. The effective ways of realization of integration development programs at tourist enterprises and hotel chains are determined. The main objectives of integration processes in the field of tourism are also defined. The analysis of the most famous multinational tour operators and the largest hotel chains in the world in the form of a table and graph is shown. The processes that take place at the expense of integration processes in the tourism business are analyzed and identified. A promising direction for further research is the economic feasibility of the feasibility of international integration in the tourism sector and ways to improve the strategies of integration management.

Every year, the number of tourists in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone is increasing. The most numerous visitors are journalists who come to perform their official duties. At the same time, researchers have not yet shown interest in such an interesting and important tourist phenomenon. The purpose of this article is to describe a new phenomenon of media tourism in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone and its features. The study was conducted with a help of a qualitative case study analysis method. The websites of the state and private enterprises and mass media publications based on the results of trips to the territory for 2013-2017 were analyzed. As a result, the specific features of journalists who visit the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone were identified. Such journalists mainly have confidence in the absence of a threat to health (55%), developed empathy (45%) and imagination of thinking (45%). Consequently, the tragedy of history and the gloomy appearance of the territory, the suffering of local residents make it attractive to journalists. In addition, due to personal interest, the voluntary travel motive (61,5%) prevails over conditional forced travel (38,5%). At the same time, the attention of journalists to the territory is attracted due to the activities of tourists. The authors describe the so-called «compensation effect», when the reduction of tourists' attention to the territory is balanced by an increase in the attention of the mass media. The presence of risk explains the predominance of men among journalists in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone (54%). For example, women can better assess the risk due to greater vulnerability. The peculiarity of journalists' work in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone is the risk of radiation exposure and ethical controversy. The study shows that journalists' inherent positive world perception and profound sense of professional duty can successfully overcome these obstacles. The results of the study can be used by the following researchers to identify ways and strategies for promoting media tourism in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone. The benefit of this study is to draw attention to a new unexplored tourist phenomenon. Mass media have a great influence on the formation of a positive attitude towards the territory and attracting the attention of tourists. Taking into account the specific features of media tourism will help to attract more tourists and improve the quality of rendering service to journalists. Анотація. Щорічне збільшення туристичної активності у Чорнобильській зоні відчуження привертає увагу журналістів до цієї території. При цьому дослідники досі не виявили інтересу до цього феномену. Мета статті-описати новий феномен медійного туризму у Чорнобильській зоні відчуження та його особливості. Невивченість цього явища змусила звернутися до якісного експлоративного методу, який дозволяє описати новий феномен та надати матеріал для настуних досліджень. У статті описано діяльність державного та приватного підприємств з надання організаційно-інформаційних послуг журналіс-там. З'ясовано особистісні якості журналістів, які змушують їх здійснювати таку поїздку. Наприклад, переконаність у відсу-тності загрози для здоров'я (55%), здатність співпереживати (45%) та образність мислення (45%) привертають увагу журна-лістів до цієї території. Більше того, особиста зацікавленість пояснює переважання добровільного мотиву поїздки (61,5%) над умовно вимушеним командируванням (38,5%). Встановлено, що серед журналістів у ЧЗВ переважають чоловіки (54%) через їхню меншу здатність до оцінки ризику. З'ясовано особливості роботи журналістів у Чорнобильській зоні відчуження, які відрізняють її від роботи на інших територіях. Охаракетризовано закономірності зв'язку кількості публікацій мас-медіа з описом туристичного досвіду та кількості туристів. Авторами описано так званий «ефект компенсації», коли зменшення уваги туристів до території компенсується збільшенням уваги мас-медіа. Ключові слова: журналісти, мас-медіа, туризм, Чорнобильська зона відчуження.

In this article we developed scientific and applied foundations of commercialization of the nature-resource potential of anthropogenic objects, on the example of exhausted mines. It is determined that the category of "anthropogenic object" can be considered in a narrow-applied sense, as specific anthropogenic objects to ensure the target needs, and in a broad theoretical sense, meaning everything that is created and changed by human influence, that is the objects of both artificial and natural origin. It was determined that problems of commercialization of the natural-resource potential of anthropogenic objects are most often considered by researchers for specific objects, without having complex methodological coverage from the point of view of combining environmental, technical, economic and managerial components. When studying the substantiation of the scientific base, the authors confirmed the feasibility of the commercialization of natural-resource potential of anthropogenic objects on the example of a number of theoretical scientific studies in reclamation, reconstruction, recreation, remediation, restoration of biological productivity and economic value of land disturbed by economic activity. The considered examples of exhausted mines in the 21st century in the USA, Canada, Germany, Romania, and Poland indicate a wide range of opportunities for their commercialization. The study of the potential for commercialization of exhausted mines in the post-Soviet countries testified to the underused reserves for the commercialization of their nature-resource potential and their high potential for further development. The authors proposed the identification of anthropogenic objects on the basic livelihood spheres of society. There were identified the main system (natural, biological, technical, economic, social, managerial) and structural (subjects, trends, threats, risks, problems, challenges) factors of diagnosing the state of an anthropogenic object. A set of measures has been developed for commercialization of an anthropogenic object in functional and production activities, product policy, financial and investment spheres, pricing and sales policies, promotion, management and determination of property rights. Recommendations were provided on optimizing the management decision-making process based on a set of positivistic development principles, methods, and management functions. The study allows international organizations, state and local authorities, territorial communities, owners and potential investors to see new opportunities and make mutually beneficial decisions on the rational use of the nature-resource potential of anthropogenic objects.


Анотація. Розроблено науково-прикладні основи комерціалізації природо-ресурсного потенціалу антропогенних об'єктів, на прикладі вироблених кар'єрів. При вивченні наукової бази обґрунтування, автори отримали підтвердження про доцільність комерціалізації природо-ресурсного потенціалу антропогенних об'єктів на прикладі ряду теоретичних досліджень вчених в сферах рекультивації, реконструкції, рекреації, ремедіації, відновлення біологічної продуктивності та господарської цінності порушених земель, а також адаптації під економічно затребувані види господарської діяльності. Розглянуті приклади використання вироблених кар'єрів у ХХІ столітті в США, Канаді, Німеччині, Румунії та Польщі свідчать про широкий спектр можливостей їх комерціалізації. Вивчення потенційних можливостей комерціалізації вироблених кар'єрів на пострадянському просторі, засвідчило про наявність потенційних резервів комерціалізації природо-ресурсного потенціалу та високі потенційні можливості їх подальшого розвитку. Запропоновано авторську ідентифікацію

Purpose-The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between cognitive styles of managers working in tourism companies and dynamic capabilities of these companies. Design-The research relies on a quantitative questionnaire. Methodology-To answer the research question, the bivariate (Pearson) correlation was applied. A number of 268 answers from people working in tourism were received. Findings-We found a positive correlation between different dimensions of dynamic capabilities of tourism companies. These capabilities are influenced by managers' cognitive characteristics. The organizational culture plays a mediating role in the latter relationship. Implications for theory-The paper offers an alternative understanding of dynamic capabilities in tourism and hospitality; the paper also opens new paths for academic research on the impact of cognitive characteristics of managers on the dynamic capabilities of tourism companies. Implications for practitioners-Making accurate psychological portrait of the candidate can predict his/her behavior in certain situation, such as response towards environmental change using dynamic capabilities and when making the necessary changes to the organizational culture. Originality-This study proposes model of influence of a manager's cognitive style on dynamic capabilities, whereby organizational culture moderates this relationship.

Modern tourism is an industry which role in ensuring the economic development of individual states and the world economy as a whole cannot be overestimated. The success of tourism and travel enterprises often depends on their corporate reputation. This article is devoted to the study of the elements and their connection with the peculiarities of different segments behavior. To assess the consumer's response to the corporative reputation the ranking methods were used in course of decrease of exponent importance; Likert five-grade scale. There were taken the constituent parts of corporate nature and the main elements of company reputation as the variables, which influence the consumer's decision on buying the service. Paper examines three issues: the possibility of a connection between the company's nature and corporative reputation elements; the factors affecting the purchase decision of tourism service; and the corporative reputation's place in the formation of consumer's behavior of the tourism company client. During the research there was found the connection between the company's nature and the corporate reputation elements, there were also found factors that effect the decision about buying the tourism product; the personal experience and the opinion of reference group turned out to be the most important. The essential influence of the corporate reputation on the client's behavior was found. Nevertheless, the obtained results differ for different groups, which were formed according to gender, age, income rate, belonging to a profession and the typical consumer behavior. The obtained results may be used by the companies of tourism and travel industry for identifying the target audience and for the development of the PR-campaigns.

he study of the essence of the sustainable tourism, transformation of the modern functions of global tourism, rethinking of its basic principles made it possible to form the conceptual framework of the sustainable tourism. The conditions for promotion of the sustainable tourism to the world market and the factors of impact on its development in the global economy have been determined. The technique for calculation of the tourism sustainability index, taking into account the anthropogenic factor, was improved.

Purpose is to substantiate the ways of promotion sustainable tourism in the global economy. Methodology-To determine the importance of the sustainable tourism factors, the hierarchy analysis method of T. Saati was used. The method of expert estimations has been used for determining the significance level of the tourism sustainability factors. Findings-The conditions for promotion of the sustainable tourism to the world market and the factors of impact on its development in the global economy have been determined. All impact factors were divided into 7 groups: political and regulatory environment, environmental sustainability, social and cultural strategy, economic sustainability, tourism service, safety, basic sustainability state. To assess the potential of the sustainable tourism by international destinations, it was offered to rank the factors of index of sustainable tourism development in the countries from the point of view of a tourist. Contribution-The structure of the factors of tourism sustainability index with the emphasis on the role of an immediate tourist was improved. The most importante factors of influence on the choose tourist destination have been identified: the factors of safety, tourist service and the factor of basic sustainability state of a country.

The hotel sector of the travel industry is the leader according to the indicator of economic growth, which is observed in both developed and developing countries. Even under the economic instability and global natural disasters, the industry has seen growth in recent years. The franchising model for expanding activities is central to all successful hotel chains.
The article deals with the franchising model for the travel business expansion and the economic performance of hotel chains such as Marriott International, Wyndham Hotels, and Hilton. They hold a prominent place in the global hotel business, have a steady tendency to expand their business, hold high positions in the ranking of the best franchises in the world and have been recognized by experts.
The main risks for the franchisor and franchisee are determined when making a decision on the expansion of the international travel business, which must be taken into account when developing new markets for hotel chains. The main advantages of the franchising model of expansion, which promote understanding between the parties of the franchise agreement, dynamicize hotel chains expansion and allow for reducing their expenses and increasing incomes.
It was found that the growth of net profit and total income in the indicated hotel chains was due to the increase in the number of rooms in franchising and the positive dynamics of franchise income. A more dynamic pace occurred after the crisis growth in revenues from the franchisee compared with the managerial model. A closer relationship between revenues and key financial indicators has been proved when using a franchising model.

In the article the emotional labor is considered as a process that is determined by peculiarities of work in the tourist sphere.  It was suggested 16 components of emotional labour on tourism and hospitality enterprises, their influence on some  economic (employee welfare, productivity, employee turnover) and psychological (level of stress, degree of commitment and job satisfaction) indicators is  analyzed  in terms of staff's cognitive characteristics and chosen by them emotional strategies of it behavior. The influence of the cognition of an individual on the quality of provided services was substantiated.