The process of translation has been dramatically influenced by the latest developments in technol... more The process of translation has been dramatically influenced by the latest developments in technology. Students’ behaviours during the translation process have also changed as they try to seek information and use different resources. This study aims to investigate the translation behaviour of students in an English translation department. For this purpose, 11 students were recruited. The students were asked to translate a scientific text from English into Turkish. For the analysis of their translation behaviour, Think-Aloud Protocols (TAPs) and their translated texts were used. Monologue Protocol was used to see what goes on in a prospective translator’s mind. The students were audio-recorded while translating. Then, the translations were scored and the transcriptions of the recordings were coded. The results were presented under three main themes: (i) Recruiting translation tools: when and how, (ii) Following a pattern of translation process, and (iii) Challenges: language(s), context and more. All in all, the present study highlights the importance of guiding students in the use of the appropriate tools for the translation of specialised texts, and also suggests that student translators should be more critical of Machine Translation outputs and should practice post-editing procedures in their courses.
The process of translation has been dramatically influenced by the latest developments in technol... more The process of translation has been dramatically influenced by the latest developments in technology. Students’ behaviours during the translation process have also changed as they try to seek information and use different resources. This study aims to investigate the translation behaviour of students in an English translation department. For this purpose, 11 students were recruited. The students were asked to translate a scientific text from English into Turkish. For the analysis of their translation behaviour, Think-Aloud Protocols (TAPs) and their translated texts were used. Monologue Protocol was used to see what goes on in a prospective translator’s mind. The students were audio-recorded while translating. Then, the translations were scored and the transcriptions of the recordings were coded. The results were presented under three main themes: (i) Recruiting translation tools: when and how, (ii) Following a pattern of translation process, and (iii) Challenges: language(s), context and more. All in all, the present study highlights the importance of guiding students in the use of the appropriate tools for the translation of specialised texts, and also suggests that student translators should be more critical of Machine Translation outputs and should practice post-editing procedures in their courses.
Translators need to submit their translation projects after getting them controlled as per the re... more Translators need to submit their translation projects after getting them controlled as per the requirements imposed by the relevant quality standards while translation volumes are increasing and turnaround times are getting shorter in today's setting. This being the case, Computer-Aided Translation (CAT) tools, which are also known as Translator's Workbench, have become an integral part of most translation projects. Implications of this are seen in the qualifications required from translators. The professional translation industry seeks candidates that are knowledgeable about translation technologies, open to digital developments and that can use these developments during the translation process. As being institutions where the translation is taught at an institutional level, translation departments are playing a significant role in transferring these qualifications to translation students. The professional translation industry attaches importance to compliance to professional quality standards including ISO 17100, EN 15038, LISA QA and SAE J2450 and maintaining translation workflow as per these standards. Furthermore, the translation industry uses linguistic quality assessment tools including TAUS Dynamic Quality Framework and Multidimensional Quality Metrics. Computer-Aided Tools present two functions including instant quality checks and linguistic quality assessment features. The relevant literature shows that the scope of these features is limited compared to the above-mentioned professional quality standards and these features consider translation, not a process but a product. However, it is thought that teaching these functions to translation students who have not jumped into professional life yet is an important step towards reaching professional standards. For this reason, this study aims to touch on the Quality Assurance (QA) checks provided by CAT tools and investigate the implications of these functions for translator training.
Translation profession has witnessed some technological innovations in recent years. The triggeri... more Translation profession has witnessed some technological innovations in recent years. The triggering reason behindthese innovations has been the ever-increasing workload. Translation tools came to be seen as an aid to handle thisworkload. To this end, emerging translation technologies have come to front. There are many studies that takeprofessional translators’ views about these technologies into consideration. However, the studies dealing with theacceptance of these tools by translation students or investigating their attitudes towards these tools are limited. Inthis study, translation students’ attitudes towards translation technologies are analyzed with pre-and post-testquestionnaires based on some research questions. The analysis shows that there are some statistically significantdifferences between pre-and post-test scores obtained with the questionnaires applied before and after the training.This result supports the view that students develop a positive attitude after they are ...
The role and importance of bilingual parallel texts are uncontested for training prospective tran... more The role and importance of bilingual parallel texts are uncontested for training prospective translators. Especially for such domains as technical translation and legal translation, the confirmed and accepted parallel texts have been extensively used to give translation students both an opportunity to check their translation products and to extract terminology from these parallel texts. However, it should be noted that translator training has experienced many significant changes with the increased use of technology by both professional translators and prospective professionals in recent years. By the same token, with the latest improvements in translation technology, most of the bilingual materials written on word-processors or published as hard copies are now converted into Translation Memories (TMs) via the alignment function which is either a part of a translator's workstation or acting as separate software. However, the relevant literature lacks the studies that consider these aligned texts from a translator training perspective. For this purpose, in this study, first, the importance of the parallel texts is stressed with a view to using them for translator training purposes. Then, the definition and use of alignment function in TMs are presented in detail and the transformation of parallel texts into digital format as aligned materials are discussed within the scope of translator training. The study follows a descriptive method and stresses the pedagogical function of parallel corpora and ad hoc corpora, and discusses the possible ways of how ad hoc bilingual parallel corpora can be utilized to create TMs. Based on this proposition, this study suggests that TMs can be actively used as an aid in translator training, and students should be familiarized more with using these kinds of translation technology tools.
Translation as a profession has been radically affected by the developments in machine translatio... more Translation as a profession has been radically affected by the developments in machine translation systems in recent years. In light of these developments, translators are expected to assume new roles and acquire new skills. Translators no longer work on only a source text. They are faced with raw machine translation outputs in many translation workflows. Thus, in a setting supported by machine translation, the translators are required to post-edit these outputs according to some pre-defined criteria, which sounds very different compared to traditional translation workflow in which translators translate a source text from scratch. Post-editing can be at different levels depending on the expectations of the customer and the intended purpose of the text. As such, the skills and competences that translators must have become prominent. In this regard, this study aims to address the changing role of translators within the scope of translator competences considering the developments seen ...
RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2020
Anna Sewell'in "Black Beauty" adlı eserinin iki çevirisinin eserde geçen isimler bağlamında incel... more Anna Sewell'in "Black Beauty" adlı eserinin iki çevirisinin eserde geçen isimler bağlamında incelenmesi/ C. Çetiner (pp. 928-936
Increasing volumes of translation and shortened deadlines owing to the rapid globalization of com... more Increasing volumes of translation and shortened deadlines owing to the rapid globalization of companies engaging in overseas commerce have made translation technologies an indispensable part of the professional translation process. This in turn has urged translators to develop new skill sets and to learn new tools in order to catch up with the industry standards. As prospective professionals, student translators are also affected by this change in the professional translation industry to a great extent. In some previous research, it is reported that translator training institutions are sometimes late to the developments seen in the professional translation industry, though. Thus, the need to redesign the curriculum of translator training institutions has become evident to truly prepare student translators for today's translation industry. As such, the place and status of translation technology course within the translation and interpreting curriculum have been questioned for a long time now. In this particular study, curricula of translation and interpreting departments in Turkey are examined to find whether there is a technology-related course. Then, course syllabuses are compared and interpreted with regard to the recent developments in translation technology. Based on this comparison, this article aims to propose a syllabus for the translation technology courses building upon the practices of the researcher in a translation and interpreting department at a foundationfunded university in Turkey. The study shows that there are technology-related courses in most of the curricula examined though the course names may vary. Course contents of some programs are not designed to answer the needs of the professional translation industry. Thus, there is a great need to work on a standardized translation technology course to meet professional translation industry requirements.
Translation revision is an essential part of professional translation, and it has been one of the... more Translation revision is an essential part of professional translation, and it has been one of the biggest workloads of translation companies. However, far too little attention has been paid to it within the relevant literature on translation studies. To fill this gap, this study aims to analyze the translation revision policies of translation companies in Turkey through a questionnaire developed by Rasmussen &Schjoldager (2011). For this study, the questionnaire was adapted and slightly modified to reflect the specific situation in Turkey. The questionnaire was answered by 15 revisers and/or managers of translation companies in Turkey, specifically in three big cities (including İstanbul, Ankara, İzmir). The data derived from the questionnaire show the revision types that translation companies mostly prefer. The answers of the respondents in translation companies offer a brief insight into the parameters that translation companies consider during the revision process. The remarks of the respondents also highlighted the scarcity of the revision training within translation companies. In addition, the answers of the respondents showed that they give importance to the problems of the transfer and content of the text as well as language
International Journal of Languages' Education, 2019
The need for translation has increased substantially at a global scale. To meet this ever increas... more The need for translation has increased substantially at a global scale. To meet this ever increasing volume of translation, Machine Translation, which was once seen as a way to automate the translation process has again come to forefront with new methods. However, the expectations regarding the translation quality of Machine Translation is rather low for now. Thus, this paves the way for pre-editing and post-editing works. For this purpose, the professional translation market has undertaken some initiatives regarding training and use of Post-Editing among professional translators. Nevertheless, as it was the case for other tools of translation technology like Computer-Aided Translation or Terminology Management Systems, translation academia has fallen behind in adapting to new trends in translation market. In other words, there are not enough studies that take the issue of Machine Translation Post-Editing into consideration from a translation training perspective. For this reason, this study aims to investigate the attitudes of undergraduate level translation students towards Machine Translation Post-Editing with one-group pre-test and post-test research design. Upon the analysis of the data, a statistically significant difference was reported between pre-test and post-test scores. This shows that students' attitudes towards MT PE have become more positive after the training.
06.03.2018 tarihli ve 30352 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanan “Yükseköğretim Kanunu İle Bazı Kanun... more 06.03.2018 tarihli ve 30352 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanan “Yükseköğretim Kanunu İle Bazı Kanun Ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun” ile 18.06.2018 tarihli “Lisansüstü Tezlerin Elektronik Ortamda Toplanması, Düzenlenmesi ve Erişime Açılmasına İlişkin Yönerge” gereğince tam metin erişime açılmıştır.Bu çalışmanın odak noktası, çeviri bölümü öğrencilerinin çeviri teknolojilerine yönelik tutumlarının, ders öncesi (ön-test) ve ders sonrası (son-test) değerlendirme yön-temiyle incelenmesidir. Bu amaçla örneklem grubu olarak Kırıkkale Üniversitesi İngi-lizce Mütercim-Tercümanlık Anabilim dalında okuyan ve çalışmanın yapılacağı dö-nemde Bilgisayar Destekli Çeviri(BDÇ) dersini alan öğrenciler seçilmiştir. Ders önce-sinde ve ders sonrasında yapılan tutum sorularından oluşan Anket yoluyla öğrencilerin BDÇ araçlarına yönelik tutumlarında herhangi anlamlı bir değişiklik olup olmadığı belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Ders-öncesi ve ders-sonrası yapılan anketlerin kar...
RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2019
Makine Çevirisine yönelik son yıllarda artan bir talep görülmektedir. Diğer bir ifadeyle makine ç... more Makine Çevirisine yönelik son yıllarda artan bir talep görülmektedir. Diğer bir ifadeyle makine çevirisi sistemlerindeki güncel gelişmeler hem çeviri piyasasında hem de çeviriye ilişkin akademik çevrelerde ilgi uyandırmıştır. Böylece, bir zamanlar ALPAC raporuyla kesintiye uğrayan "Tam Otomatik Yüksek Kalitede Makine Çevirisine" yönelik umutlar tekrar canlanmıştır. Ancak farklı birçok deneysel çalışmada ortaya konduğu üzere makine çevirisi sistemleri henüz, herhangi bir düzeltme gerektirmeden kolayca yayımlanabilir çeviri ürünleri ortaya koyacak durumda değildir. Bu şartlar altında "Makine Çevirisi Sonrası Düzeltme İşlemi" (Post-Editing) isimli yeni bir araştırma alanı ortaya çıkmıştır. Literatürdeki en yaygın tanıma göre post-editing, makine çevirisi tarafından çevrilen bir metnin düzeltilmesi veya değiştirilmesi anlamına gelmektedir. Bu tanım normal bir çevirmen ile Makine Çevirisi Sonrası Düzeltme İşlemini (post-editing) gerçekleştiren çevirmen arasındaki ayrıma dikkat çekmektedir. Ayrıca, ilgili alanyazında belirtildiği üzere, nihai çeviri ürününün kalitesi büyük ölçüde makine çevirisinden çıkan ham çeviriye bağlıdır. Bu yüzden kontrollü dil kuralları veya ön-düzeltme adımları gibi parametreler makine çevirisinden çıkan ham çevirinin yüksek kalitede olmasını sağlayan etkenler olarak ön plana çıkmıştır. Ayrıca, çevirmenin rolü ve dahil olduğu süreç dikkate alındığında Makine Çevirisi Sonrası Düzeltme İşlemi, Çeviribilimde yeni paradigma değişimlerinin yolunu açmıştır. Ancak, tüm bu hususlar ve kavramlar ilgili alanyazında birbirinden bağımsız olarak açıklanmaktadır. Bu yüzden bu çalışma betimleyici bir metotla bu kavramları kapsamlı olarak ele almayı, birbirleriyle ilişkilendirmeyi ve Makine Çevirisi Sonrası Düzeltme İşleminin yerini Çeviribilimdeki dönemler açısından incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Anahtar kelimeler: Makine çevirisi, makine çevirisi sonrası düzeltme işlemi (post-editing), öndüzeltme işlemi, kontrollü dil kuralları.
Translators need to submit their translation projects after getting them controlled as per the re... more Translators need to submit their translation projects after getting them controlled as per the requirements imposed by the relevant quality standards while translation volumes are increasing and turnaround times are getting shorter in today's setting. This being the case, Computer-Aided Translation (CAT) tools, which are also known as Translator's Workbench, have become an integral part of most translation projects. Implications of this are seen in the qualifications required from translators. The professional translation industry seeks candidates that are knowledgeable about translation technologies, open to digital developments and that can use these developments during the translation process. As being institutions where the translation is taught at an institutional level, translation departments are playing a significant role in transferring these qualifications to translation students. The professional translation industry attaches importance to compliance to professional quality standards including ISO 17100, EN 15038, LISA QA and SAE J2450 and maintaining translation workflow as per these standards. Furthermore, the translation industry uses linguistic quality assessment tools including TAUS Dynamic Quality Framework and Multidimensional Quality Metrics. Computer-Aided Tools present two functions including instant quality checks and linguistic quality assessment features. The relevant literature shows that the scope of these features is limited compared to the above-mentioned professional quality standards and these features consider translation, not a process but a product. However, it is thought that teaching these functions to translation students who have not jumped into professional life yet is an important step towards reaching professional standards. For this reason, this study aims to touch on the Quality Assurance (QA) checks provided by CAT tools and investigate the implications of these functions for translator training.
The role and importance of bilingual parallel texts are uncontested for training prospective tran... more The role and importance of bilingual parallel texts are uncontested for training prospective translators. Especially for such domains as technical translation and legal translation, the confirmed and accepted parallel texts have been extensively used to give translation students both an opportunity to check their translation products and to extract terminology from these parallel texts. However, it should be noted that translator training has experienced many significant changes with the increased use of technology by both professional translators and prospective professionals in recent years. By the same token, with the latest improvements in translation technology, most of the bilingual materials written on word-processors or published as hard copies are now converted into Translation Memories (TMs) via the alignment function which is either a part of a translator's workstation or acting as separate software. However, the relevant literature lacks the studies that consider these aligned texts from a translator training perspective. For this purpose, in this study, first, the importance of the parallel texts is stressed with a view to using them for translator training purposes. Then, the definition and use of alignment function in TMs are presented in detail and the transformation of parallel texts into digital format as aligned materials are discussed within the scope of translator training. The study follows a descriptive method and stresses the pedagogical function of parallel corpora and ad hoc corpora, and discusses the possible ways of how ad hoc bilingual parallel corpora can be utilized to create TMs. Based on this proposition, this study suggests that TMs can be actively used as an aid in translator training, and students should be familiarized more with using these kinds of translation technology tools.
Translation profession has witnessed some technological innovations in recent years. The triggeri... more Translation profession has witnessed some technological innovations in recent years. The triggering reason behind these innovations has been the ever-increasing workload. Translation tools came to be seen as an aid to handle this workload. To this end, emerging translation technologies have come to front. There are many studies that take professional translators' views about these technologies into consideration. However, the studies dealing with the acceptance of these tools by translation students or investigating their attitudes towards these tools are limited. In this study, translation students' attitudes towards translation technologies are analyzed with pre-and post-test questionnaires based on some research questions. The analysis shows that there are some statistically significant differences between pre-and post-test scores obtained with the questionnaires applied before and after the training. This result supports the view that students develop a positive attitude...
RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2021
Translation as a profession has been radically affected by the developments in machine translatio... more Translation as a profession has been radically affected by the developments in machine translation systems in recent years. In light of these developments, translators are expected to assume new roles and acquire new skills. Translators no longer work on only a source text. They are faced with raw machine translation outputs in many translation workflows. Thus, in a setting supported by machine translation, the translators are required to post-edit these outputs according to some pre-defined criteria, which sounds very different compared to traditional translation workflow in which translators translate a source text from scratch. Post-editing can be at different levels depending on the expectations of the customer and the intended purpose of the text. As such, the skills and competences that translators must have become prominent. In this regard, this study aims to address the changing role of translators within the scope of translator competences considering the developments seen in machine translation systems. To this end, initially, the developments in machine translation systems and their effects on translation as a profession are discussed with an emphasis on translator competences. Moreover, post-editing levels and criteria for these levels are also addressed with regard to these skills and competences. Then, the competences required of translators and post-editors are compared building on the competence frameworks designed by PACTE and EMT groups. The research concludes that the translator competences should be redefined considering the changing roles of translators in an era dominated by machine translation systems.
Translation profession has witnessed some technological innovations in recent years. The triggeri... more Translation profession has witnessed some technological innovations in recent years. The triggering reason behind these innovations has been the ever-increasing workload. Translation tools came to be seen as an aid to handle this ever-increasing workload. To this end, emerging translation technologies have come to front. There are many some studies that take professional translators’ views about these technologies into consideration. However, the studies dealing with the acceptance of these tools by translation students or investigating their attitudes towards these tools are limited. In this study, translation students’ attitudes towards translation technologies are analyzed with pre-and post-test questionnaires based on some research questions. The analysis shows that there are some statistically significant differences between pre-and post-test scores obtained with the questionnaires applied before and after the training. This result supports the view that students develop a po...
RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2021
Translation as a profession has been radically affected by the developments in machine translatio... more Translation as a profession has been radically affected by the developments in machine translation systems in recent years. In light of these developments, translators are expected to assume new roles and acquire new skills. Translators no longer work on only a source text. They are faced with raw machine translation outputs in many translation workflows. Thus, in a setting supported by machine translation, the translators are required to post-edit these outputs according to some pre-defined criteria, which sounds very different compared to traditional translation workflow in which translators translate a source text from scratch. Post-editing can be at different levels depending on the expectations of the customer and the intended purpose of the text. As such, the skills and competences that translators must have become prominent. In this regard, this study aims to address the changing role of translators within the scope of translator competences considering the developments seen in machine translation systems. To this end, initially, the developments in machine translation systems and their effects on translation as a profession are discussed with an emphasis on translator competences. Moreover, post-editing levels and criteria for these levels are also addressed with regard to these skills and competences. Then, the competences required of translators and post-editors are compared building on the competence frameworks designed by PACTE and EMT groups. The research concludes that the translator competences should be redefined considering the changing roles of translators in an era dominated by machine translation systems.
Increasing volumes of translation and shortened deadlines owing to the rapid globalization of com... more Increasing volumes of translation and shortened deadlines owing to the rapid globalization of companies engaging in overseas commerce have made translation technologies an indispensable part of the professional translation process. This in turn has urged translators to develop new skill sets and to learn new tools in order to catch up with the industry standards. As prospective professionals, student translators are also affected by this change in the professional translation industry to a great extent. In some previous research, it is reported that translator training institutions are sometimes late to the developments seen in the professional translation industry, though. Thus, the need to redesign the curriculum of translator training institutions has become evident to truly prepare student translators for today's translation industry. As such, the place and status of translation technology course within the translation and interpreting curriculum have been questioned for a long time now. In this particular study, curricula of translation and interpreting departments in Turkey are examined to find whether there is a technology-related course. Then, course syllabuses are compared and interpreted with regard to the recent developments in translation technology. Based on this comparison, this article aims to propose a syllabus for the translation technology courses building upon the practices of the researcher in a translation and interpreting department at a foundationfunded university in Turkey. The study shows that there are technology-related courses in most of the curricula examined though the course names may vary. Course contents of some programs are not designed to answer the needs of the professional translation industry. Thus, there is a great need to work on a standardized translation technology course to meet professional translation industry requirements.
RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2020
Öz Yazın çevirisi, gerek kaynak metnin içinde barındırdığı kültüre özgü motiflerin çeşitliliği ge... more Öz Yazın çevirisi, gerek kaynak metnin içinde barındırdığı kültüre özgü motiflerin çeşitliliği gerekse bu kültüre özgü motiflere hedef metinde uygun olabilecek karşılıkların bulunabilmesi açısından çevirmen için bir dizi zorluk barındırmaktadır. Çevirmen kimi zaman bu kültüre özgü öğeleri ya da özel adları erek kültüre yabancı olarak çevirmekte, kimi zaman ise bunları erek kültüre uygun hale getirmektedir. Ancak bu karar bazen sadece çevirmenin elinde olmayıp eserin çevrildiği dönemin toplumsal arka planına da bağlı olabilmektedir. Bu yüzden bazı eserler zaman içerisinde toplumsal değişim, insanların beklentileri, edebi bakış açısının değişmesi gibi çeşitli nedenlerden dolayı yeniden çevrilmiştir. Bu yeniden çeviriler ile ilk çeviriler karşılaştırıldığında çevirmenlerin kararlarında farklılıklar olduğu göze çarpmaktadır. Yeniden çeviri hipotezi yeniden çevirilerin ilk çevirilere göre daha kaynak kültür odaklı olduğunu öne sürmektedir (Desmidt, 2009). Ancak çocuk yazını gibi merkezde sayılmayan türler bu hipotezin dışında kalabilmektedir. Yazın çevirisinde çevirmenin karşılaştığı kaynak kültüre özgü ögeleri okur, çevirmenin süzgecinden geçmiş olarak ikinci bir gözle görmektedir. Dolayısıyla çevirmenin bu kaynak metindeki ögeler üzerinde bilinçli ya da bilinçsiz olarak uyguladığı farklı çeviri stratejileri okura da yansır. Bu anlamda bu çalışmada Anna Sewell tarafından yazılan ve Türkçede çocuk edebiyatı kapsamında yer edinen "Black Beauty" adlı eserin iki farklı çevirisi üzerinde durulacaktır. Kitapta geçen belirli özel isimlere hedef metinde bulunan karşılıklar, çevirmenlerin uyguladığı "yerlileştirme" ve "yabancılaştırma" stratejileri kapsamında incelenmiştir. Anahtar kelimeler: Yazın çevirisi, çocuk edebiyatı çevirisi, yeniden çeviri, yabancılaştırma, yerlileştirme Comparison of two translations of Anna Sewell's Black Beauty in terms of the names in the book Abstract Literary translation poses many challenges for translators both in terms of the variety of cultural motives that the source text includes and finding equivalence for these cultural motives in the target text. Sometimes translators leave these cultural motives or names as they are. However, they sometimes try to domesticate them according to the relevant target culture, as well. Nevertheless, this decision is sometimes beyond the translators' power and depends on the social background of the period in which the work is translated. For this reason, some works have been retranslated owing to the change in the society and expectation of people or the change in the literary perspective. Compared to the first translations, these retranslations seem different in terms of the 1 Dr. Öğr. Üyesi, Bandırma Onyedi Eylül Üniversitesi, İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Fakültesi, İngilizce Mütercim ve Tercümanlık Bölümü (Bandırma, Türkiye),
The process of translation has been dramatically influenced by the latest developments in technol... more The process of translation has been dramatically influenced by the latest developments in technology. Students’ behaviours during the translation process have also changed as they try to seek information and use different resources. This study aims to investigate the translation behaviour of students in an English translation department. For this purpose, 11 students were recruited. The students were asked to translate a scientific text from English into Turkish. For the analysis of their translation behaviour, Think-Aloud Protocols (TAPs) and their translated texts were used. Monologue Protocol was used to see what goes on in a prospective translator’s mind. The students were audio-recorded while translating. Then, the translations were scored and the transcriptions of the recordings were coded. The results were presented under three main themes: (i) Recruiting translation tools: when and how, (ii) Following a pattern of translation process, and (iii) Challenges: language(s), context and more. All in all, the present study highlights the importance of guiding students in the use of the appropriate tools for the translation of specialised texts, and also suggests that student translators should be more critical of Machine Translation outputs and should practice post-editing procedures in their courses.
The process of translation has been dramatically influenced by the latest developments in technol... more The process of translation has been dramatically influenced by the latest developments in technology. Students’ behaviours during the translation process have also changed as they try to seek information and use different resources. This study aims to investigate the translation behaviour of students in an English translation department. For this purpose, 11 students were recruited. The students were asked to translate a scientific text from English into Turkish. For the analysis of their translation behaviour, Think-Aloud Protocols (TAPs) and their translated texts were used. Monologue Protocol was used to see what goes on in a prospective translator’s mind. The students were audio-recorded while translating. Then, the translations were scored and the transcriptions of the recordings were coded. The results were presented under three main themes: (i) Recruiting translation tools: when and how, (ii) Following a pattern of translation process, and (iii) Challenges: language(s), context and more. All in all, the present study highlights the importance of guiding students in the use of the appropriate tools for the translation of specialised texts, and also suggests that student translators should be more critical of Machine Translation outputs and should practice post-editing procedures in their courses.
Translators need to submit their translation projects after getting them controlled as per the re... more Translators need to submit their translation projects after getting them controlled as per the requirements imposed by the relevant quality standards while translation volumes are increasing and turnaround times are getting shorter in today's setting. This being the case, Computer-Aided Translation (CAT) tools, which are also known as Translator's Workbench, have become an integral part of most translation projects. Implications of this are seen in the qualifications required from translators. The professional translation industry seeks candidates that are knowledgeable about translation technologies, open to digital developments and that can use these developments during the translation process. As being institutions where the translation is taught at an institutional level, translation departments are playing a significant role in transferring these qualifications to translation students. The professional translation industry attaches importance to compliance to professional quality standards including ISO 17100, EN 15038, LISA QA and SAE J2450 and maintaining translation workflow as per these standards. Furthermore, the translation industry uses linguistic quality assessment tools including TAUS Dynamic Quality Framework and Multidimensional Quality Metrics. Computer-Aided Tools present two functions including instant quality checks and linguistic quality assessment features. The relevant literature shows that the scope of these features is limited compared to the above-mentioned professional quality standards and these features consider translation, not a process but a product. However, it is thought that teaching these functions to translation students who have not jumped into professional life yet is an important step towards reaching professional standards. For this reason, this study aims to touch on the Quality Assurance (QA) checks provided by CAT tools and investigate the implications of these functions for translator training.
Translation profession has witnessed some technological innovations in recent years. The triggeri... more Translation profession has witnessed some technological innovations in recent years. The triggering reason behindthese innovations has been the ever-increasing workload. Translation tools came to be seen as an aid to handle thisworkload. To this end, emerging translation technologies have come to front. There are many studies that takeprofessional translators’ views about these technologies into consideration. However, the studies dealing with theacceptance of these tools by translation students or investigating their attitudes towards these tools are limited. Inthis study, translation students’ attitudes towards translation technologies are analyzed with pre-and post-testquestionnaires based on some research questions. The analysis shows that there are some statistically significantdifferences between pre-and post-test scores obtained with the questionnaires applied before and after the training.This result supports the view that students develop a positive attitude after they are ...
The role and importance of bilingual parallel texts are uncontested for training prospective tran... more The role and importance of bilingual parallel texts are uncontested for training prospective translators. Especially for such domains as technical translation and legal translation, the confirmed and accepted parallel texts have been extensively used to give translation students both an opportunity to check their translation products and to extract terminology from these parallel texts. However, it should be noted that translator training has experienced many significant changes with the increased use of technology by both professional translators and prospective professionals in recent years. By the same token, with the latest improvements in translation technology, most of the bilingual materials written on word-processors or published as hard copies are now converted into Translation Memories (TMs) via the alignment function which is either a part of a translator's workstation or acting as separate software. However, the relevant literature lacks the studies that consider these aligned texts from a translator training perspective. For this purpose, in this study, first, the importance of the parallel texts is stressed with a view to using them for translator training purposes. Then, the definition and use of alignment function in TMs are presented in detail and the transformation of parallel texts into digital format as aligned materials are discussed within the scope of translator training. The study follows a descriptive method and stresses the pedagogical function of parallel corpora and ad hoc corpora, and discusses the possible ways of how ad hoc bilingual parallel corpora can be utilized to create TMs. Based on this proposition, this study suggests that TMs can be actively used as an aid in translator training, and students should be familiarized more with using these kinds of translation technology tools.
Translation as a profession has been radically affected by the developments in machine translatio... more Translation as a profession has been radically affected by the developments in machine translation systems in recent years. In light of these developments, translators are expected to assume new roles and acquire new skills. Translators no longer work on only a source text. They are faced with raw machine translation outputs in many translation workflows. Thus, in a setting supported by machine translation, the translators are required to post-edit these outputs according to some pre-defined criteria, which sounds very different compared to traditional translation workflow in which translators translate a source text from scratch. Post-editing can be at different levels depending on the expectations of the customer and the intended purpose of the text. As such, the skills and competences that translators must have become prominent. In this regard, this study aims to address the changing role of translators within the scope of translator competences considering the developments seen ...
RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2020
Anna Sewell'in "Black Beauty" adlı eserinin iki çevirisinin eserde geçen isimler bağlamında incel... more Anna Sewell'in "Black Beauty" adlı eserinin iki çevirisinin eserde geçen isimler bağlamında incelenmesi/ C. Çetiner (pp. 928-936
Increasing volumes of translation and shortened deadlines owing to the rapid globalization of com... more Increasing volumes of translation and shortened deadlines owing to the rapid globalization of companies engaging in overseas commerce have made translation technologies an indispensable part of the professional translation process. This in turn has urged translators to develop new skill sets and to learn new tools in order to catch up with the industry standards. As prospective professionals, student translators are also affected by this change in the professional translation industry to a great extent. In some previous research, it is reported that translator training institutions are sometimes late to the developments seen in the professional translation industry, though. Thus, the need to redesign the curriculum of translator training institutions has become evident to truly prepare student translators for today's translation industry. As such, the place and status of translation technology course within the translation and interpreting curriculum have been questioned for a long time now. In this particular study, curricula of translation and interpreting departments in Turkey are examined to find whether there is a technology-related course. Then, course syllabuses are compared and interpreted with regard to the recent developments in translation technology. Based on this comparison, this article aims to propose a syllabus for the translation technology courses building upon the practices of the researcher in a translation and interpreting department at a foundationfunded university in Turkey. The study shows that there are technology-related courses in most of the curricula examined though the course names may vary. Course contents of some programs are not designed to answer the needs of the professional translation industry. Thus, there is a great need to work on a standardized translation technology course to meet professional translation industry requirements.
Translation revision is an essential part of professional translation, and it has been one of the... more Translation revision is an essential part of professional translation, and it has been one of the biggest workloads of translation companies. However, far too little attention has been paid to it within the relevant literature on translation studies. To fill this gap, this study aims to analyze the translation revision policies of translation companies in Turkey through a questionnaire developed by Rasmussen &Schjoldager (2011). For this study, the questionnaire was adapted and slightly modified to reflect the specific situation in Turkey. The questionnaire was answered by 15 revisers and/or managers of translation companies in Turkey, specifically in three big cities (including İstanbul, Ankara, İzmir). The data derived from the questionnaire show the revision types that translation companies mostly prefer. The answers of the respondents in translation companies offer a brief insight into the parameters that translation companies consider during the revision process. The remarks of the respondents also highlighted the scarcity of the revision training within translation companies. In addition, the answers of the respondents showed that they give importance to the problems of the transfer and content of the text as well as language
International Journal of Languages' Education, 2019
The need for translation has increased substantially at a global scale. To meet this ever increas... more The need for translation has increased substantially at a global scale. To meet this ever increasing volume of translation, Machine Translation, which was once seen as a way to automate the translation process has again come to forefront with new methods. However, the expectations regarding the translation quality of Machine Translation is rather low for now. Thus, this paves the way for pre-editing and post-editing works. For this purpose, the professional translation market has undertaken some initiatives regarding training and use of Post-Editing among professional translators. Nevertheless, as it was the case for other tools of translation technology like Computer-Aided Translation or Terminology Management Systems, translation academia has fallen behind in adapting to new trends in translation market. In other words, there are not enough studies that take the issue of Machine Translation Post-Editing into consideration from a translation training perspective. For this reason, this study aims to investigate the attitudes of undergraduate level translation students towards Machine Translation Post-Editing with one-group pre-test and post-test research design. Upon the analysis of the data, a statistically significant difference was reported between pre-test and post-test scores. This shows that students' attitudes towards MT PE have become more positive after the training.
06.03.2018 tarihli ve 30352 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanan “Yükseköğretim Kanunu İle Bazı Kanun... more 06.03.2018 tarihli ve 30352 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanan “Yükseköğretim Kanunu İle Bazı Kanun Ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun” ile 18.06.2018 tarihli “Lisansüstü Tezlerin Elektronik Ortamda Toplanması, Düzenlenmesi ve Erişime Açılmasına İlişkin Yönerge” gereğince tam metin erişime açılmıştır.Bu çalışmanın odak noktası, çeviri bölümü öğrencilerinin çeviri teknolojilerine yönelik tutumlarının, ders öncesi (ön-test) ve ders sonrası (son-test) değerlendirme yön-temiyle incelenmesidir. Bu amaçla örneklem grubu olarak Kırıkkale Üniversitesi İngi-lizce Mütercim-Tercümanlık Anabilim dalında okuyan ve çalışmanın yapılacağı dö-nemde Bilgisayar Destekli Çeviri(BDÇ) dersini alan öğrenciler seçilmiştir. Ders önce-sinde ve ders sonrasında yapılan tutum sorularından oluşan Anket yoluyla öğrencilerin BDÇ araçlarına yönelik tutumlarında herhangi anlamlı bir değişiklik olup olmadığı belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Ders-öncesi ve ders-sonrası yapılan anketlerin kar...
RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2019
Makine Çevirisine yönelik son yıllarda artan bir talep görülmektedir. Diğer bir ifadeyle makine ç... more Makine Çevirisine yönelik son yıllarda artan bir talep görülmektedir. Diğer bir ifadeyle makine çevirisi sistemlerindeki güncel gelişmeler hem çeviri piyasasında hem de çeviriye ilişkin akademik çevrelerde ilgi uyandırmıştır. Böylece, bir zamanlar ALPAC raporuyla kesintiye uğrayan "Tam Otomatik Yüksek Kalitede Makine Çevirisine" yönelik umutlar tekrar canlanmıştır. Ancak farklı birçok deneysel çalışmada ortaya konduğu üzere makine çevirisi sistemleri henüz, herhangi bir düzeltme gerektirmeden kolayca yayımlanabilir çeviri ürünleri ortaya koyacak durumda değildir. Bu şartlar altında "Makine Çevirisi Sonrası Düzeltme İşlemi" (Post-Editing) isimli yeni bir araştırma alanı ortaya çıkmıştır. Literatürdeki en yaygın tanıma göre post-editing, makine çevirisi tarafından çevrilen bir metnin düzeltilmesi veya değiştirilmesi anlamına gelmektedir. Bu tanım normal bir çevirmen ile Makine Çevirisi Sonrası Düzeltme İşlemini (post-editing) gerçekleştiren çevirmen arasındaki ayrıma dikkat çekmektedir. Ayrıca, ilgili alanyazında belirtildiği üzere, nihai çeviri ürününün kalitesi büyük ölçüde makine çevirisinden çıkan ham çeviriye bağlıdır. Bu yüzden kontrollü dil kuralları veya ön-düzeltme adımları gibi parametreler makine çevirisinden çıkan ham çevirinin yüksek kalitede olmasını sağlayan etkenler olarak ön plana çıkmıştır. Ayrıca, çevirmenin rolü ve dahil olduğu süreç dikkate alındığında Makine Çevirisi Sonrası Düzeltme İşlemi, Çeviribilimde yeni paradigma değişimlerinin yolunu açmıştır. Ancak, tüm bu hususlar ve kavramlar ilgili alanyazında birbirinden bağımsız olarak açıklanmaktadır. Bu yüzden bu çalışma betimleyici bir metotla bu kavramları kapsamlı olarak ele almayı, birbirleriyle ilişkilendirmeyi ve Makine Çevirisi Sonrası Düzeltme İşleminin yerini Çeviribilimdeki dönemler açısından incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Anahtar kelimeler: Makine çevirisi, makine çevirisi sonrası düzeltme işlemi (post-editing), öndüzeltme işlemi, kontrollü dil kuralları.
Translators need to submit their translation projects after getting them controlled as per the re... more Translators need to submit their translation projects after getting them controlled as per the requirements imposed by the relevant quality standards while translation volumes are increasing and turnaround times are getting shorter in today's setting. This being the case, Computer-Aided Translation (CAT) tools, which are also known as Translator's Workbench, have become an integral part of most translation projects. Implications of this are seen in the qualifications required from translators. The professional translation industry seeks candidates that are knowledgeable about translation technologies, open to digital developments and that can use these developments during the translation process. As being institutions where the translation is taught at an institutional level, translation departments are playing a significant role in transferring these qualifications to translation students. The professional translation industry attaches importance to compliance to professional quality standards including ISO 17100, EN 15038, LISA QA and SAE J2450 and maintaining translation workflow as per these standards. Furthermore, the translation industry uses linguistic quality assessment tools including TAUS Dynamic Quality Framework and Multidimensional Quality Metrics. Computer-Aided Tools present two functions including instant quality checks and linguistic quality assessment features. The relevant literature shows that the scope of these features is limited compared to the above-mentioned professional quality standards and these features consider translation, not a process but a product. However, it is thought that teaching these functions to translation students who have not jumped into professional life yet is an important step towards reaching professional standards. For this reason, this study aims to touch on the Quality Assurance (QA) checks provided by CAT tools and investigate the implications of these functions for translator training.
The role and importance of bilingual parallel texts are uncontested for training prospective tran... more The role and importance of bilingual parallel texts are uncontested for training prospective translators. Especially for such domains as technical translation and legal translation, the confirmed and accepted parallel texts have been extensively used to give translation students both an opportunity to check their translation products and to extract terminology from these parallel texts. However, it should be noted that translator training has experienced many significant changes with the increased use of technology by both professional translators and prospective professionals in recent years. By the same token, with the latest improvements in translation technology, most of the bilingual materials written on word-processors or published as hard copies are now converted into Translation Memories (TMs) via the alignment function which is either a part of a translator's workstation or acting as separate software. However, the relevant literature lacks the studies that consider these aligned texts from a translator training perspective. For this purpose, in this study, first, the importance of the parallel texts is stressed with a view to using them for translator training purposes. Then, the definition and use of alignment function in TMs are presented in detail and the transformation of parallel texts into digital format as aligned materials are discussed within the scope of translator training. The study follows a descriptive method and stresses the pedagogical function of parallel corpora and ad hoc corpora, and discusses the possible ways of how ad hoc bilingual parallel corpora can be utilized to create TMs. Based on this proposition, this study suggests that TMs can be actively used as an aid in translator training, and students should be familiarized more with using these kinds of translation technology tools.
Translation profession has witnessed some technological innovations in recent years. The triggeri... more Translation profession has witnessed some technological innovations in recent years. The triggering reason behind these innovations has been the ever-increasing workload. Translation tools came to be seen as an aid to handle this workload. To this end, emerging translation technologies have come to front. There are many studies that take professional translators' views about these technologies into consideration. However, the studies dealing with the acceptance of these tools by translation students or investigating their attitudes towards these tools are limited. In this study, translation students' attitudes towards translation technologies are analyzed with pre-and post-test questionnaires based on some research questions. The analysis shows that there are some statistically significant differences between pre-and post-test scores obtained with the questionnaires applied before and after the training. This result supports the view that students develop a positive attitude...
RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2021
Translation as a profession has been radically affected by the developments in machine translatio... more Translation as a profession has been radically affected by the developments in machine translation systems in recent years. In light of these developments, translators are expected to assume new roles and acquire new skills. Translators no longer work on only a source text. They are faced with raw machine translation outputs in many translation workflows. Thus, in a setting supported by machine translation, the translators are required to post-edit these outputs according to some pre-defined criteria, which sounds very different compared to traditional translation workflow in which translators translate a source text from scratch. Post-editing can be at different levels depending on the expectations of the customer and the intended purpose of the text. As such, the skills and competences that translators must have become prominent. In this regard, this study aims to address the changing role of translators within the scope of translator competences considering the developments seen in machine translation systems. To this end, initially, the developments in machine translation systems and their effects on translation as a profession are discussed with an emphasis on translator competences. Moreover, post-editing levels and criteria for these levels are also addressed with regard to these skills and competences. Then, the competences required of translators and post-editors are compared building on the competence frameworks designed by PACTE and EMT groups. The research concludes that the translator competences should be redefined considering the changing roles of translators in an era dominated by machine translation systems.
Translation profession has witnessed some technological innovations in recent years. The triggeri... more Translation profession has witnessed some technological innovations in recent years. The triggering reason behind these innovations has been the ever-increasing workload. Translation tools came to be seen as an aid to handle this ever-increasing workload. To this end, emerging translation technologies have come to front. There are many some studies that take professional translators’ views about these technologies into consideration. However, the studies dealing with the acceptance of these tools by translation students or investigating their attitudes towards these tools are limited. In this study, translation students’ attitudes towards translation technologies are analyzed with pre-and post-test questionnaires based on some research questions. The analysis shows that there are some statistically significant differences between pre-and post-test scores obtained with the questionnaires applied before and after the training. This result supports the view that students develop a po...
RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2021
Translation as a profession has been radically affected by the developments in machine translatio... more Translation as a profession has been radically affected by the developments in machine translation systems in recent years. In light of these developments, translators are expected to assume new roles and acquire new skills. Translators no longer work on only a source text. They are faced with raw machine translation outputs in many translation workflows. Thus, in a setting supported by machine translation, the translators are required to post-edit these outputs according to some pre-defined criteria, which sounds very different compared to traditional translation workflow in which translators translate a source text from scratch. Post-editing can be at different levels depending on the expectations of the customer and the intended purpose of the text. As such, the skills and competences that translators must have become prominent. In this regard, this study aims to address the changing role of translators within the scope of translator competences considering the developments seen in machine translation systems. To this end, initially, the developments in machine translation systems and their effects on translation as a profession are discussed with an emphasis on translator competences. Moreover, post-editing levels and criteria for these levels are also addressed with regard to these skills and competences. Then, the competences required of translators and post-editors are compared building on the competence frameworks designed by PACTE and EMT groups. The research concludes that the translator competences should be redefined considering the changing roles of translators in an era dominated by machine translation systems.
Increasing volumes of translation and shortened deadlines owing to the rapid globalization of com... more Increasing volumes of translation and shortened deadlines owing to the rapid globalization of companies engaging in overseas commerce have made translation technologies an indispensable part of the professional translation process. This in turn has urged translators to develop new skill sets and to learn new tools in order to catch up with the industry standards. As prospective professionals, student translators are also affected by this change in the professional translation industry to a great extent. In some previous research, it is reported that translator training institutions are sometimes late to the developments seen in the professional translation industry, though. Thus, the need to redesign the curriculum of translator training institutions has become evident to truly prepare student translators for today's translation industry. As such, the place and status of translation technology course within the translation and interpreting curriculum have been questioned for a long time now. In this particular study, curricula of translation and interpreting departments in Turkey are examined to find whether there is a technology-related course. Then, course syllabuses are compared and interpreted with regard to the recent developments in translation technology. Based on this comparison, this article aims to propose a syllabus for the translation technology courses building upon the practices of the researcher in a translation and interpreting department at a foundationfunded university in Turkey. The study shows that there are technology-related courses in most of the curricula examined though the course names may vary. Course contents of some programs are not designed to answer the needs of the professional translation industry. Thus, there is a great need to work on a standardized translation technology course to meet professional translation industry requirements.
RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2020
Öz Yazın çevirisi, gerek kaynak metnin içinde barındırdığı kültüre özgü motiflerin çeşitliliği ge... more Öz Yazın çevirisi, gerek kaynak metnin içinde barındırdığı kültüre özgü motiflerin çeşitliliği gerekse bu kültüre özgü motiflere hedef metinde uygun olabilecek karşılıkların bulunabilmesi açısından çevirmen için bir dizi zorluk barındırmaktadır. Çevirmen kimi zaman bu kültüre özgü öğeleri ya da özel adları erek kültüre yabancı olarak çevirmekte, kimi zaman ise bunları erek kültüre uygun hale getirmektedir. Ancak bu karar bazen sadece çevirmenin elinde olmayıp eserin çevrildiği dönemin toplumsal arka planına da bağlı olabilmektedir. Bu yüzden bazı eserler zaman içerisinde toplumsal değişim, insanların beklentileri, edebi bakış açısının değişmesi gibi çeşitli nedenlerden dolayı yeniden çevrilmiştir. Bu yeniden çeviriler ile ilk çeviriler karşılaştırıldığında çevirmenlerin kararlarında farklılıklar olduğu göze çarpmaktadır. Yeniden çeviri hipotezi yeniden çevirilerin ilk çevirilere göre daha kaynak kültür odaklı olduğunu öne sürmektedir (Desmidt, 2009). Ancak çocuk yazını gibi merkezde sayılmayan türler bu hipotezin dışında kalabilmektedir. Yazın çevirisinde çevirmenin karşılaştığı kaynak kültüre özgü ögeleri okur, çevirmenin süzgecinden geçmiş olarak ikinci bir gözle görmektedir. Dolayısıyla çevirmenin bu kaynak metindeki ögeler üzerinde bilinçli ya da bilinçsiz olarak uyguladığı farklı çeviri stratejileri okura da yansır. Bu anlamda bu çalışmada Anna Sewell tarafından yazılan ve Türkçede çocuk edebiyatı kapsamında yer edinen "Black Beauty" adlı eserin iki farklı çevirisi üzerinde durulacaktır. Kitapta geçen belirli özel isimlere hedef metinde bulunan karşılıklar, çevirmenlerin uyguladığı "yerlileştirme" ve "yabancılaştırma" stratejileri kapsamında incelenmiştir. Anahtar kelimeler: Yazın çevirisi, çocuk edebiyatı çevirisi, yeniden çeviri, yabancılaştırma, yerlileştirme Comparison of two translations of Anna Sewell's Black Beauty in terms of the names in the book Abstract Literary translation poses many challenges for translators both in terms of the variety of cultural motives that the source text includes and finding equivalence for these cultural motives in the target text. Sometimes translators leave these cultural motives or names as they are. However, they sometimes try to domesticate them according to the relevant target culture, as well. Nevertheless, this decision is sometimes beyond the translators' power and depends on the social background of the period in which the work is translated. For this reason, some works have been retranslated owing to the change in the society and expectation of people or the change in the literary perspective. Compared to the first translations, these retranslations seem different in terms of the 1 Dr. Öğr. Üyesi, Bandırma Onyedi Eylül Üniversitesi, İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Fakültesi, İngilizce Mütercim ve Tercümanlık Bölümü (Bandırma, Türkiye),
Translation and Interdisciplinarity Diverse Contacts, Relationships and Effects, 2022
Machine translation has become a common practice both for professionals and trainee translators o... more Machine translation has become a common practice both for professionals and trainee translators owing to the recent improvements seen in the quality of the raw output. However, much of the text that needs to be translated calls for post-editing, which is the editing of this output. Both the industry reports and academic papers show that professional translators and trainees benefit from Machine translation post-editing (MTPE) far greater than in the past. There has been a great deal of research dedicated to defining translation and translator competences. These competence frameworks seek to define the essential competences that translators should have, and it is known that translator training institutions have also strived to organize their curriculum in this regard. However, trainers report that present practices of students can pose questions and fears for the future of the translation profession as the trainees do not know their mistakes or recognize the value of the competences that a translator should develop. As such, this chapter aims to provide a general overview of the post-editing and the competences that should be emphasized at the undergraduate level while designing a curriculum for translation students. To this end, following the introduction, the chapter presents a brief overview of the definitions and relevant concepts as well as the historical background of machine translation post-editing. Later, this section is followed by other three key sections as follows: (ii) competence frameworks for translation and translators, (iii) a critical review of translation revision (TR) competence models, and (iv) revisiting the post-editing competence models.
Traduction et linguistique Les sciences du langage et la traductologie , 2020
Les nouveautés dans le domaine des technologies de traduction ont nettement démontré que la tradu... more Les nouveautés dans le domaine des technologies de traduction ont nettement démontré que la traduction automatique serait un facteur déterminant pour l'avenir du métier de traducteur. Le fait que les établissements de formation de traducteurs et d’interprètes introduisent dans leur curriculum les cours concernant les technologies de traduction est une des répercussions de cette évolution. En effet, un certain nombre de cours ont été introduits par presque toutes les écoles de formation de traducteurs dans leurs programmes sous les noms de Technologies de la traduction, Traduction assistée par ordinateur ou encore Technologies de l'information pour traducteurs. Il faut cependant avouer que la traduction automatique n'a pas suffisamment attiré d'attention dans les milieux académiques, non seulement parce qu’elle est forcément perçue comme une menace pour la profession de traducteur, mais également parce qu’elle est considérée comme « trop spécifique » par ceux qui essaient de former de futurs traducteurs. Quant au marché de la traduction, de nombreux chercheurs ont mené plusieurs études afin de déterminer la fréquence d’utilisation, les avantages et les inconvénients des outils numériques, appelés aussi « des systèmes de traduction automatique », utilisés par les traducteurs professionnels. Il faut en outre rappeler que ces outils numériques sont largement utilisés par les étudiants en traduction, qui seront plus tard des professionnels plus tard. Il est apparemment indispensable d’enseigner ces systèmes aux étudiants avant leur insertion dans la vie active. Dans cette étude, la situation actuelle de l’enseignement des technologies de traduction aux futurs traducteurs et interprètes sera abordée et quelques sollicitations pour le parcours à suivre seront présentées
Technological developments have affected the translation process dramatically in the last three d... more Technological developments have affected the translation process dramatically in the last three decades. Being one of the most influential developments, Machine Translation has become prominent with improvements in the final translation output lately. However, the quality has not yet reached the expected standards. Thus, a new field of research and practice has arisen and been named post-editing to make the output better. Having seen this new practice as a threat to their presence initially, the translators are now getting accustomed to the benefits of this technology in order to boost their productivity as needed by the professional translation industry. In this regard, there have been some sporadic attempts to investigate the use of post-editing by professional translators in terms of productivity gains, quality increase, and cognitive aspects. Nevertheless, the number of research on trainee translators’ use of post-editing regarding the productivity gains and translation quality performance remains limited as there seem no course on post-editing due to diverse reasons including infrastructural drawbacks in institutions and lack of interest among scholars. To this end, using three different types of texts, this study aims to investigate the translation performance of students from English to Turkish after they are taught post-editing. The results obtained with the pre-test and post-test research design offer that a statistically significant increase has been reported in all text pairs. Interpretation of the increase within the scope of translator training provides some insight about the importance and integration of a course on post-editing into translation curriculum.
Le point d'objection concernant la relation entre la traduction et la linguistique a pour origine... more Le point d'objection concernant la relation entre la traduction et la linguistique a pour origine le fait que l'activité traduisante implique des aspects qui sont au-delà de ses aspects purement linguistiques. En effet, ses aspects culturels, idéologiques, sociaux, économiques, professionnels, etc. la rendent impossible à être expliquée par seulement les sciences du langage. Cette nature hétérogène de l'activité impose la conception d'une nouvelle branche scientifique autonome qu'est la traductologie sans pour autant se passer d'autres branches scientifiques liées. Autrement dit, la nature interdisciplinaire de l'activité traduisante rend obligatoire le recours aux concepts, termes et méthodes utilisés dans les sciences humaines et sociales. Cet ouvrage sera utile pour les traductologues, les formateurs de traducteurs, les futurs traducteurs ainsi que les traducteurs professionnels et les amateurs de traduction. Il est le fruit d'une collaboration internationale exemplaire avec les scientifiques turcs, français, roumains et ukrainiens.
Euroasian Conference on Language and Social Sciences, 2021
Translation quality has come to assume a fundamental role in professional translation projects wi... more Translation quality has come to assume a fundamental role in professional translation projects with projects being increasingly complicated and deadlines being significantly shortened over the recent years. Delivering a foolproof translation is one of the foremost aims of translation companies. To this end, the project managers in translation companies attach utmost importance to quality assurance parameters to maintain their business. With this in mind, most of the professional companies benefit from translation technologies, the most famous of which are CAT (Computer-aided translation) tools, also called as Translators Workbench. With the basic functions of these tools including Translation Memory (TM) and Term Base (TB), translators and project managers strive to ensure that the translation product is consistent. Furthermore, these tools offer quality assurance controls and translators and project managers can check the translation product by means of these quality assurance parameters before submitting it to the customer or initiator. By the same token, the translation industry has itself quality standards including ISO 17100, EN 15038, LISA QA and SAE J2450 which are mostly referred to in professional translation settings. In this study, the translation quality assurance parameters in a CAT tool (e.g. Memsource) are compared with the metrics commonly used in the professional translation industry in terms of the error categories. The results of the comparison offer that Quality Assurance (QA) parameters in CAT tools are more limited compared to professional Translation Quality Assessment (TQA) metrics. Moreover, professional quality standards are more comprehensive while quality assurance parameters in CAT tools take mostly linguistic errors into consideration.
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Papers by Caner Çetiner
the text that needs to be translated calls for post-editing, which is the editing of this output. Both the industry reports and academic papers show that professional translators and trainees benefit from Machine translation post-editing (MTPE) far greater than in the past. There has been a great deal of research dedicated to defining translation and translator competences. These competence frameworks seek to define the essential competences that translators should have,
and it is known that translator training institutions have also strived to organize their curriculum
in this regard. However, trainers report that present practices of students can pose questions
and fears for the future of the translation profession as the trainees do not know their mistakes
or recognize the value of the competences that a translator should develop. As such, this chapter aims to provide a general overview of the post-editing and the competences that should be
emphasized at the undergraduate level while designing a curriculum for translation students. To this end, following the introduction, the chapter presents a brief overview of the definitions and relevant concepts as well as the historical background of machine translation post-editing. Later, this section is followed by other three key sections as follows: (ii) competence frameworks for translation and translators, (iii) a critical review of translation revision (TR) competence models, and (iv) revisiting the post-editing competence models.
de traducteurs dans leurs programmes sous les noms de Technologies de la traduction, Traduction assistée par ordinateur ou encore Technologies de l'information pour traducteurs. Il faut cependant avouer que la traduction automatique n'a pas suffisamment attiré d'attention dans les milieux académiques, non seulement parce qu’elle est forcément perçue comme une menace pour la profession de traducteur, mais également parce qu’elle est considérée comme « trop spécifique » par ceux qui essaient de former de futurs traducteurs. Quant au marché de la traduction, de nombreux chercheurs ont mené plusieurs études afin de déterminer la fréquence d’utilisation, les avantages et les inconvénients des outils numériques, appelés aussi « des systèmes de traduction automatique », utilisés par les traducteurs professionnels. Il faut en outre rappeler que ces outils numériques sont largement utilisés par les étudiants en traduction, qui seront plus tard des professionnels plus tard. Il est apparemment indispensable d’enseigner ces systèmes aux étudiants avant leur insertion dans la vie active. Dans cette étude, la situation actuelle de l’enseignement des technologies de traduction aux futurs traducteurs et interprètes sera abordée et quelques sollicitations pour le parcours à suivre seront présentées