1_introduction to Computer

BASIC COMPUTER
APPLICATIONS:
INTRODUCTION TO
COMPUTER SYSTEMS
Informatics Dept. IAA

We Will look
on:
• Define common
concepts,
• Go through the evolution,
• Identify basic parts
• Identify basic function
• Look on the Characteristics
Understanding common
concepts
 Data
 Data consists of raw facts and figures that are processed into
information
 Types of data
 Numeric data: composed of alphabetical character
 Non Numeric data : composed of digits only
 special symbols eg: +, - ,& ,(, )
 These numeric ,non numeric data & Special symbols are the
building blocks of information
 Information
 Processed data which are interpreted to present a
meaningful information
Cont
.
 Information Technology
 Term used to describe the equipment, hardware and

Software
programs that allows us to access and present data and
information
 IT involves two categories
 Computer Technology which involves hardware, and
software
 Communication Technology which involves electronic
networking systems used for the purpose of
communication
 System
 Group of components organized to perform a certain goal
 A set of detailed methods, procedures and routines created
What is a computer
system
Introductio
n
 A Word “computer” comes from the word “compute”
which
mean to calculate
 The word was originally given to humans who
performed numerical calculations.
 They used their fingers, pebbles and later abacus
 The word grew and later was names to mechanical
devices which started to replace the duties which
were performed by humans
 Today, a Computer is a device that transforms and
processes
data into meaningful information.
Precise definition of a
computer
 An electronic device, operating under the control of
instructions stored in its own memory, that can accept
data
,process the data according to specified rules, produce
results and Store the results for future use
 Its an electronic device that accept data, process data,
produce
output and store the results
 Computer is referred as a system because it involves
a combination of hardware components attached
together to perform an intended goal
 Below is demonstration of a computer system
Computer
Syste
System m
1 Unit
Monitor
2
Keyboa
rd Mou
se
3
4
Microsoft Office 2010: Introduction to Computers
10
Primary
Functions
 All computer systems perform four basic operations
1. Inputting: process of entering data /instructions in
to the computer
2. Processing: perform arithmetic operations and
logical operation on data in order to convert
them into information
3. Storing: saving data and instructions so that the
can be retrieve or reprocessed when required
4. Outputting: process of producing useful
information
Primary Components of a
computer
 All computer systems must have atlest six primary
components
1. Inputting devices
2. Processing devices
3. Storing devices
4. Outputting devices
5. Motherboard
6. Power system
Characteristics of a
computer
1. Speed:
 Is able of performing a large amount of data in
microseconds, nanoseconds or picoseconds.
 It can perform a work in seconds which a human
being could take months to accomplish.
2. Accuracy:
 there is no room for error, each and every
work is performed with the same accuracy
provided that correct input was given.
Cont
. 3. Versatility/ Flexible:
 a computer can do more than one job at the
same time;
 a computer is capable of performing almost
any task
provided the instructions are already in
place.
4. Storage:
 a computer has got high capacity of storing
data
 It can store any type of data such as image, 14
video, texts, audios etc

Cont
. 5. Diligence:
 Unlike human, computer has no feelings of
tiredness or
lack of concentration
 it can work 24 hrs a day 7 days per week and
364 days per year without a rest.
6. No I.Q:
 computer has no intelligence of performing any
task
 Its not equipped with the Artifical Inteligence
as a human being
 its only operates on demands of it master’s
need
Cont
. 7. Automation:
 It is fully automatic
 After instructions stored in its memory, it can
perform
activities without the interactions of human being
8. High level of remembering:

 unlike humans our power of remembering is low,
 in computer technology, every peace of
information can be retained as long as desired by
the user and can be recalled as and when
required.
Cont.
9. . reduction:
Cost
 Less paper
work
 Less man
power
17
Thank you for
listening.

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BASIC COMPUTER

Informatics Dept. IAA

 Term used to describe the equipment, hardware and

video, texts, audios etc

8. High level of remembering:

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