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    Gafa6w0sr MITOSIS

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    Gafa6w0sr MITOSIS

    Uploaded by

    smahlik
    5 views21 pages

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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    5 views21 pages

    Gafa6w0sr MITOSIS

    Uploaded by

    smahlik

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 21

    CELLULAR

    REPRODUCTION
    Prepared by: Ms. Ma. Filipina Q. Apid, LPT
    What changes did you notice when you were
    young and now that you are a teenager?
    What happens to our wound after
    a few days or weeks have
    passed?
    CELL DIVISION
    o production of new cells to bring about growth;

    o replacement of damaged cells in the wounded body parts;


    and
    o production of new generation of individuals among some
    group of organisms
    CELL DIVISION
    Two kinds:

    MITOSIS MEIOSIS
    It takes place in our body cells It takes place in the ovaries and testes of
    animals, including humans.
    (somatic cells)
    It is responsible for the formation of gametes or sex-
    cells
    RUDOLF VIRCHOW
    • German pathologist in 1858
    • In this process, one cell divides and
    becomes two.
    • The process of cell division repeated
    over and over in a process called
    CELL CYCLE.
    CELL CYCLE DIAGRAM
    2 main stages of cell cycle:

    INTERPHASE
    CELL DIVISION
    CELL CYCLE DIAGRAM
    2 main stages of cell cycle:
    INTERPHASE
    • It takes the longest period in
    the cycle.
    • In a 24-hour cell cycle, 23
    hours is spent for interphase.
    • It is described as the resting
    stage.
    CELL CYCLE DIAGRAM
    INTERPHASE
    G1 – “gap phase 1”
    the cell grows physically larger, copies organelles,
    and makes the molecular building blocks it will
    need in later steps
    S phase – “synthesis phase”
    the cell synthesizes a complete copy of the DNA in
    its nucleus
    G2– “gap phase 2”
    the cell grows more, makes proteins and organelles,
    and begins to reorganize its contents in preparation
    for mitosis
    Packing for the move…

    When cell is not dividing…


    ● DNA molecules in extended,
    uncondensed form = chromatin
    ● Cell can only replicate and transcribe DNA when in
    extended state.

    When cell is preparing for division…


    ● DNA molecules condense to form
    chromosomes prior to division.
    CELL CYCLE DIAGRAM
    2 main stages of cell cycle:

    CELL DIVISION (M phase)


    Stages of Mitosis
    • Prophase
    • Metaphase
    • Anaphase
    • Telophase
    PROPHASE
    telomere
    Prophase is characterized by four events: chromatid

    1. Chromosomes condense and are more


    visible.
    2. The nuclear membrane (envelope) centromere

    disappears.
    3. Centrioles have separated and taken
    positions on the opposite poles of the cell.
    4. Spindle fibers form and radiate toward the
    center of the cell.
    telomere

    Condensed, duplicated chromosome


    chromatin nucleus
    condensing
    chromosomes
    PROPHASE
    nucleolus

    centrioles
    METAPHASE
    centrioles
    Metaphase (the shortest phase of
    mitosis) is characterized by two chromosomes

    events:
    spindle fibers
    1. Chromosomes line up across
    the middle of the cell.
    2. Spindle fibers connect the
    centromere of each sister
    chromatid to the poles of the
    cell.
    ANAPHASE
    Anaphase is characterized by three
    events:

    1. Centromeres that join the sister


    chromatids split.
    2. Sister chromatids separate
    becoming individual
    chromosomes.
    3. Separated chromatids move to
    opposite poles of the cell.
    TELOPHASE
    Telophase (the last phase of mitosis)
    consists of four events:
    1. Chromosomes (each consisting
    of a single chromatid) uncoil.
    2. A nuclear envelope forms around
    the chromosomes at each pole of
    the cell.
    3. Spindle fibers break down and
    dissolve.
    4. Cytokinesis begins.
    Cytokinesis
    •Cytokinesis is the division of the cytoplasm into two
    individual cells.
    •The process of cytokinesis differs somewhat in plant
    and animal cells.
    •In animal cells the cell membrane forms a cleavage
    furrow that eventually pinches the cell into two nearly
    equal parts, each part containing its own nucleus and
    cytoplasmic organelles.
    Performance Task #1: MITOSIS MODEL

    Using any available materials on your home, make a model that


    shows the stages of mitosis. Do not forget to label each stage.
    Use of recyclable materials is highly encouraged.

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