It Technology Review

BULACAN AGRICULTURAL STATE COLLEGE
EMERGING
TECHNOLOGIES
GE
REVIEW
Presentation by
PINEDA, LEIGH IRISH C.
VIZCONDE, RENZVILLE B.
Topic Outline:
Description Advantages
History Disadvantages
Category/Sector Comparison
Benefits Recommendation
Features
I. DESCRIPTION
TOTAL STATION
• A total station is a surveying instrument that
combines an electronic theodolite and an
electronic distance meter (EDM) to provide
accurate measurements of both horizontal and
vertical angles as well as distances. It is
commonly used in construction, engineering,
and land surveying projects to collect data for
creating detailed maps, plans, and 3D models.
• It is also integrated with microprocessor,
electronic data collector and storage system.
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Technology Review
II. History
• 1900s - the first electronic distance measuring (EDM)
instruments were developed. These instruments used a
beam of light to measure distances between two
points, and were primarily used in land surveying.
• 1970s - the first true total station was developed. This
instrument combined the EDM technology with a
theodolite, which is an instrument used to measure
angles, to create a complete surveying system.
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Technology Review
II. History
• The first total stations were large and bulky, and
required a separate data collector to store the data. They
were also expensive, making them out of reach for
many surveyors.
• Despite these limitations, total stations quickly became
popular among surveyors due to their accuracy and
efficiency. They were able to measure both horizontal
and vertical angles, as well as distances, which greatly
improved the speed and accuracy of surveys.
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Technology Review
II. History
• 1980s - total station technology took a major leap
forward with the development of robotics. This new
technology allowed total stations to be controlled
remotely, eliminating the need for a separate data
collector.
• Over the years, total station technology has continued to
evolve. Today’s total stations are smaller, lighter, and
more affordable than ever before. They also have a wide
range of features, such as built-in GPS and 3D modeling
capabilities.
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Technology Review
III. CATEGORY/SECTOR
SURVEYING and
MAPPING
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Technology Review
IV. Benefits of Total Station
It offer high levels of precision in angle,

distance, and coordinate measurements.
It allow surveyors to streamline the surveying

process by combining electronic theodolite
and EDM capabilities in one instrument,
reducing the need for multiple tools and
manual calculations.
Total stations offer instant feedback on
measurements for adjustments.
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Technology Review
IV. Benefits of Total Station
Total stations are versatile tools that can be

used for various surveying applications.
Total stations have built-in memory or

storage capabilities to store collected data,
and some models offer wireless
communication options to easily transfer data
to computers or other devices for further
processing and analysis.
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Technology Review
V. Key Features of Total Station
Distance Measurement Angle Measurement Data Collection

Total stations feature
Total stations use
precise angle Total stations can gather
electronic distance
measurement capabilities, various types of survey
measurement (EDM)
allowing surveyors to data, including distance,
technology to accurately
capture horizontal and angles, heights, and
measure distances
vertical angles with high coordinates, in a single
between the instrument
accuracy. operation.
and target points.
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Technology Review
Integrated Software Dual-axis Compensator Control Panel

Total stations come It includes a keyboard
Total stations feature a
equipped with software and multiple line LCD
dual-axis compensator
that supports data (liquid crystal display).
that automatically
processing, visualization, The LCD is waterproof,
corrects errors caused by
and analysis, enabling can be lit up and some
instrument tilt, ensuring
surveyors to generate LCD has control to
accurate measurements
detailed reports and maps. include different viewing
even on uneven terrain.
angles.
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Technology Review
Long Battery Life

Total stations are
equipped with long-
lasting rechargeable
batteries, allowing
surveyors to work for
extended periods without
frequent recharging.
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Technology Review
VI. Advantages of Total Station

Quick setup of the instrument on the tripod
by utilizing the laser plummet.
Programmed with on-board area computation
for computing the area of a field.
It supports local languages.
Total stations have automatic error correction

functions to minimize measurement errors
and enhance the accuracy of survey data.
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Technology Review
VI. Advantages of Total Station

Some total stations support wireless remote
operation, allowing users to control the
instrument and view data from a distance.
Total stations increase productivity on

construction sites and mapping projects.
All in one and multitasking instrument, from

surveying to GIS creation by using the
appropriate software.
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Technology Review
VII. Disadvantages of Total Station

Total stations are relatively expensive
instruments, making them a big investment
for surveying professionals, especially small
businesses or individuals.
Total stations have a limited measuring range,

which may restrict their usability in large-
scale surveying projects or in challenging
terrains that require long-distance
measurements.
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Technology Review
VII. Disadvantages of Total Station

Total stations require regular calibration,
maintenance, and battery replacement .
Total stations are delicate instruments that

can be damaged by rough handling,
environmental factors, or accidents, leading
to repair costs and potential downtime.
Total stations rely on a clear line of sight
between the instrument and the target,
making them less suitable for surveying areas
with obstructions, dense vegetation, or
uneven terrain. 14
Technology Review
VIII. COMPARISON
TOTAL STATION VS.

THEODOLITE
Theodolites are optical instruments used for measuring
horizontal and vertical angles in surveying.
Total stations combine the functionality of a theodolite with

distance measurement capabilities, making them more
versatile and efficient.
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Technology Review
VIII. COMPARISON
TOTAL STATION VS. EDM
Electronic Distance Measurement (EDM) devices are used

for measuring distances between points in surveying.
Total stations incorporate EDM technology, allowing for

precise distance measurements along with angle
measurements.
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Technology Review
VIII. COMPARISON
TOTAL STATION VS. 3D LASER

SCANNERS
3D laser scanners capture detailed point cloud data of
surfaces and structures for applications like building
information modeling (BIM) and as-built surveys.
Total stations are valuable for their ability to quickly measure

angles, distances, and elevations with high accuracy.
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Technology Review
VIII. COMPARISON
TOTAL STATION VS. RTK

• RTK surveying equipment relies on a network of reference stations
that transmit correction signals to a rover unit in real-time..
• RTK systems rely on clear line of sight to the reference stations, so
they may encounter limitations in heavily obstructed environments or
areas with significant multipath interference.
• Total stations provide accurate angle and distance

measurements.
• Total stations are suitable for use in areas with limited
satellite visibility, such as urban environments or areas with
obstacles that can obstruct GPS signals. 18
Technology Review
IX. Recommendation
Incorporate voice commands or gesture
controls for hands-free operation in the field.
Ensure compatibility with a wide range of

software applications for data processing and
analysis.
Offer comprehensive customer support,

training, and documentation to assist users in
maximizing the total station's capabilities.
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Technology Review
IX. Recommendation
Develop total stations with extended

measurement ranges to allow surveyors to
work efficiently over larger distances,
reducing the need for instrument
repositioning.
Improve the durability and ruggedness of the

total station to withstand harsh environmental
conditions encountered in the field, such as
extreme temperatures, moisture, and dust.
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BULACAN AGRICULTURAL STATE COLLEGE

IV. Benefits of Total Station

It offer high levels of precision in angle,

It allow surveyors to streamline the surveying

IV. Benefits of Total Station

Total stations are versatile tools that can be

Total stations have built-in memory or

V. Key Features of Total Station

Distance Measurement Angle Measurement Data Collection

V. Key Features of Total Station

Integrated Software Dual-axis Compensator Control Panel

V. Key Features of Total Station

Long Battery Life

VI. Advantages of Total Station

It supports local languages.

Total stations have automatic error correction

VI. Advantages of Total Station

Total stations increase productivity on

All in one and multitasking instrument, from

VII. Disadvantages of Total Station

Total stations have a limited measuring range,

VII. Disadvantages of Total Station

Total stations are delicate instruments that

TOTAL STATION VS.

Total stations combine the functionality of a theodolite with

TOTAL STATION VS. EDM

Electronic Distance Measurement (EDM) devices are used

Total stations incorporate EDM technology, allowing for

TOTAL STATION VS. 3D LASER

Total stations are valuable for their ability to quickly measure

TOTAL STATION VS. RTK

• Total stations provide accurate angle and distance

Ensure compatibility with a wide range of

Offer comprehensive customer support,

Develop total stations with extended

Improve the durability and ruggedness of the

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