EMERGING GLOBAL TRENDS IN

IOT (INTERNET OF THINGS)

"Anything that can be connected, will be connected"

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CONTENT
1. Introduction
2. Benefits of IoT
3. Application and use of IoT
4. IoT challenges
5. What needs to be done?
6. Top IoT technologies and trends
7. Future of IoT
8. Q&A
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INTRODUCTION – WHAT IS IOT?

• The Internet of things (IoT) is a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical and
digital machines, objects, animals or people that are provided with unique identifiers
( UIDs ) and the ability to transfer data over a network without requiring human-to-human
or human-to-computer interaction - IoTAgenda
• A thing in the IoT can be a person with a heart monitor implant, a farm animal with a
biochip transponder, an automobile that has built-in sensors to alert the driver when tire
pressure is low or any other natural or man-made object that can be assigned an IP address
and is able to transfer data over a network.
• IoT is a sensor network of billions of smart devices that connect people, systems and other
applications to collect and share data.
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INTRODUCTION – CONT’D
• IoT is a concept of connecting any device with an on and off switch to the Internet (and/or to
each other). This includes everything from cellphones, coffee makers, washing machines,
headphones, lamps, wearable devices and almost anything else you can think of. This also
applies to components of machines, for example a jet engine of an airplane or the drill of an
oil rig – Forbes.
• The IoT is a giant network of connected "things" (which also includes people). The
relationship will be between people-people, people-things, and things-things.
• The dominant consumer IoT device, worldwide, is the smart TV. Between 25-35% cent of
consumers worldwide own a television that can connect to the Internet, according to a
Deloitte research. However, other areas of the IoT market are growing rapidly.
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WHY IOT?
• Organizations in a variety of industries are using IoT to operate more efficiently, better
understand customers to deliver enhanced customer service, improve decision-making and
increase the value of the business.
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IOT ECOYSTEM
• An IoT ecosystem consists of web-enabled smart devices that use embedded processors,
sensors and communication hardware to collect, send and act on data they acquire from their
environments.
• IoT devices share the sensor data they collect by connecting to an IoT gateway or other edge
device where data is either sent to the cloud to be analyzed or analyzed locally.
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TOP 10 STRATEGIC IOT TECHNOLOGIES

AND TRENDS - GARTNER
1) Trend No. 1: Artificial Intelligence (AI): “Data is the fuel that powers the IoT and the
organization’s ability to derive meaning from it will define their long term success.”
2) Trend No. 2: Social, Legal and Ethical IoT: These include ownership of data and the
deductions made from it, algorithmic bias, privacy and compliance with regulations such
as the General Data Protection Regulation. “Successful deployment of an IoT solution
demands that it’s not just technically effective but also socially acceptable.”
3) Trend No. 3: Infonomics and Data Broking: The theory of infonomics takes
monetization of data further by seeing it as a strategic business asset to be recorded in the
company accounts. By 2023, the buying and selling of IoT data will become an essential
part of many IoT systems.
 TOP 10 STRATEGIC IOT TECHNOLOGIES
8

AND TRENDS – GARTNER (CONT’D)

4) Trend No. 4: The Shift from Intelligent Edge to Intelligent Mesh: The shift from
centralized and cloud to edge architectures is well under way in the IoT space. These mesh
architectures will enable more flexible, intelligent and responsive IoT systems — although
often at the cost of additional complexities.
5) Trend No. 5: IoT Governance: As the IoT continues to expand, the need for a
governance framework that ensures appropriate behaviour in the creation, storage, use and
deletion of information related to IoT projects will become increasingly important.
6) Trend No. 6: Sensor Innovation: The sensor market will evolve continuously through
2023. New sensors will enable a wider range of situations and events to be detected.
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TOP 10 STRATEGIC IOT TECHNOLOGIES

AND TRENDS – GARTNER (CONT’D)
7) Trend No. 7: Trusted Hardware and Operating System: ‘.. by 2023, we expect to see
the deployment of hardware and software combinations that together create more
trustworthy and secure IoT systems…’.
8) Trend 8: Novel IoT User Experiences: User experience driven by 4 factors: new sensors,
new algorithms, new experience architectures and context, and socially aware experiences.
9) Trend No. 9: Silicon Chip Innovation: By 2023, it’s expected that new special-purpose
chips will reduce the power consumption required to run IoT devices.
10) Trend No. 10: New Wireless Networking Technologies for IoT: IoT networking
involves balancing a set of competing requirements. In particular they should explore 5G,
the forthcoming generation of low earth orbit satellites, and backscatter networks.
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BENEFITS OF IOT
IoT offers a number of benefits to organizations, enabling them to:
1. Monitor their overall business processes;
2. Improve the customer experience;
3. Save time and money;
4. Enhance employee productivity;
5. Integrate and adapt business models;
6. Make better business decisions; and
7. Generate more revenue.
CONSUMER AND ENTERPRISE IOT APPLICATIONS 11

Source:
https://internetoft
hingsagenda.techt
arget.com/definiti
on/Internet-of-Thi
ngs-IoT
THE SMART WORLD OF THE FUTURE – USING IOT 12

Source:
https://www.forbe
s.com/sites/jacob
morgan/2014/05/
13/simple-explan
ation-internet-thin
gs-that-anyone-ca
n-understand/#ef2
433f1d091
 SAMPLE: CONSUMER IOT PRODUCTS & 13

SERVICES
1. Helmet Concussion Sensor
2. Medical Alert Watch
3. Smart Fitness Clothing and Smart Running Shoes
4. One-Button Product Purchases: “Order at the click of a button!” Amazon has taken that
phrase literally and produced physical branded buttons called Amazon Dash that link to
products in your home. Say you run out of laundry powder. You can press your Dash
button for Tide and Amazon will reorder your Tide Powder product for you. No need to
sign onto the Web, fumble with payment methods, or retype credit card numbers.
5. Garden Sensors
6. Smart Televisions
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HELMET CONCUSSION SENSOR

https://www.amazon.com/S
hockbox-LM2004-EXT-Mu
ltiSport-Helmet-Sensor/dp/
B00DVHA1LM?imprToken
=NXcTrCppNfgrAo2MA1
K7ig&slotNum=2&Subscri
ptionId=AKIAIO22DD3AF
USKXUKQ&tag=makeusw
-20&linkCode=xm2&camp
=2025&creative=165953&c
reativeASIN=B00DVHA1L
M
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AMAZON DASH

https://www.
amazon.com/
b?ie=UTF8&
node=177295
34011
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KINSA THERMOMETER

Monitoring
your
temperature
and can call
your doctor as
necessary
CONNECTED CAR STORY 17

The connected car is equipped with

internet connections and software that
allow people to stream music, look up
movie times, be alerted of traffic and
weather conditions, and even power
driving-assistance services such as self-
parking.

Source:
https://www.businessinsider.com/connecte
d-car-statistics-manufacturers-2015-2?IR=
T
 SMART FARMING: USE OF IOT TO 18

IMPROVE AGRICULTURE
• In IoT-based smart farming, a system is built for monitoring the crop field with the help of
sensors (light, humidity, temperature, soil moisture, etc.) and automating the irrigation
system. The farmers can monitor the field conditions from anywhere. This is highly efficient
compared to the traditional/conventional approach.
• In terms of environmental issues, IoT-based smart farming provides great benefits including:
better and efficient water usage, and optimization of inputs and treatments.
• Therefore, smart farming based on IoT technologies enables growers and farmers to reduce
waste and enhance productivity.
• Some of the IoT applications in this area are:
i. Precision farming
ii. Agricultural drones
iii. Livestock monitoring
iv. Smart greenhouses
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INDUSTRIAL IOT (IIOT)

• Industrial IoT (IIoT) focusses on the use of cyber-physical systems to monitor the physical
factory processes and make data-based automated decisions.
• While the physical systems are made the intelligent using IoT, the real-time communication,
and cooperation both with each other and with humans is established via the wireless web
• IIoT brings in the concept of ‘a connected factory leads to a smart factory’.
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IIOT IN MANUFACTURING
1. Digital/connected factory: IoT enabled machinery can transmit operational information
to the partners like original equipment manufacturers and to field engineers.
2. Facility management: The use of IoT sensors in manufacturing equipment enables
condition-based maintenance alerts.
3. Production flow monitoring: IoT in manufacturing can enable the monitoring of
production lines starting from the refining process down to the packaging of final
products.
4. Inventory management: IoT applications permit the monitoring of events across a supply
chain.
 IIOT IN MANUFACTURING (CONT’D) 21

5. Plant Safety and Security: IoT combined big data analysis can improve the overall
workers’ safety and security in the plant. .
6. Quality control: IoT sensors collect aggregate product data and other third-party
syndicated data from various stages of a product cycle.
7. Packaging Optimization: By using IoT sensors in products and/or packaging,
manufacturers can gain insights into the usage patterns and handling of product from
multiple customers.
8. Logistics and Supply Chain Optimization: The Industrial IoT (IIoT) can provide access
to real-time supply chain information by tracking materials, equipment, and products as
they move through the supply chain.
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IOT CHALLENGES
Security, privacy and data sharing issues
• Because IoT devices are closely connected, all a hacker has to do is exploit one vulnerability
to manipulate all the data, rendering it unusable. And manufacturers that don't update their
devices regularly -- or at all -- leave them vulnerable to cybercriminals.
• However, hackers aren't the only threat to the internet of things; privacy is another major
concern for IoT users. For instance, companies that make and distribute consumer IoT
devices could use those devices to obtain and sell users' personal data.
• Challenges with IIoT:
i. Security of data – same as above
ii. Reliability and stability – of IIoT sensors
iii. Connectivity of all the systems in IIoT setup – no maintenance envisioned?
iv. Blending legacy systems – IIoT is new in the market
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WHAT NEEDS TO BE DONE?

1. Consumer education
2. Product reviews and comparisons
3. Vulnerability disclosure and vulnerability markets
4. Self-certification and voluntary codes of practice
5. Trust marks and labels like Internet Society’s Online Trust Alliance (OTA) IoT Trust Framework
6. Government initiatives
7. Mandated security requirements
8. Mandated certification
9. Liability reform
10. Etc.
11. No intervention!?
 THE FUTURE OF IOT 24

• Bain & Company expects annual IoT revenue of hardware and software to exceed $450 billion by 2020.
• McKinsey & Company estimates IoT will have an $11.1 trillion impact by 2025.
• IHS Markit believes the number of connected IoT devices will increase 12% annually to reach 125
billion in 2030.
• Gartner assesses that 20.8 billion connected things will be in use by 2020, with total spend on IoT
devices and services to reach $3.7 trillion in 2021.
• By 2023, the average CIO will be responsible for more than three times as many endpoints as this year –
Gartner
• Garter forecasts that worldwide IoT Security Spending will be 3.11 billion by 2021 largely driven by
regulatory compliance.
• Great improvements in the security of IoT devices driven by manufacturers’ own initiatives as well
users’ demand for better secure devices.
• Global manufacturers will use analytics data recorded from connected devices to analyze processes and
identify optimization possibilities, according to IDC and SAP.
• Business Insider forecasts that by 2020, 75 percent of new cars will come with built-in IoT connectivity.
 REFERENCES 25

1. https://internetofthingsagenda.techtarget.com
2. https://www.forbes.com/sites/jacobmorgan/2014/05/13/simple-explanation-internet-things-that-any
one-can-understand/#ef2433f1d091
3. https://www.gartner.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/2018-11-07-gartner-identifies-top-10-strategi
c-iot-technologies-and-trends
4. https://www.gartner.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/2018-03-21-gartner-says-worldwide-iot-secu
rity-spending-will-reach-1-point-5-billion-in-2018
5. https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/internet-things-10-useful-products-must-try-2016/
6. “Internet of Things Research Study”,
http://www8.hp.com/us/en/hp-news/press-release.html?id=1909050 [Hewlett Packard (2015)]
7. https://security.radware.com/ddos-threats-attacks/threat-advisories-attack-reports/iot-devices-threat
-spreading/

8. https://www2.deloitte.com/ng/en/pages/technology-media-and-telecommunications/articles/global-
mobile-consumer-survey.html

9. https://www.newgenapps.com/blog/8-uses-applications-and-benefits-of-industrial-iot-in-manufactu
ring
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END

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