Group 6 Asian Regionalism

GROUP SIX
ASIAN
REGIONALISM
MODULE 3.2
Intended Learning Outcomes
At the end of this section, you are expected to:
differentiate between regionalization and

globalization;
identify the factors that lead to a greater integration

of Asian regions; and
analyze how different Asian states confront the

challenges of globalization and regionalization
through regionalism.
•has the biggest
population of at least
two-thirds of the world's
inhabitants.
•the continent comprises

one-third of the world's
land mass.
•A term originated from

the West, particularly
from Ancient Greece.
CHINA
•Home of more than 1.4 billion people based on the

2018 population projection of the United Nations.
JAPAN
•Was able to adapt its policies to the dictates of the West and
consequently incorporated itself to the global economy after the
Second World War.
SINGAPORE
•One of the emerging centers of different cultures and

has turned itself into a great cosmopolitan city-state.
ECONOMY IN ASIA
• Emerging and developing Asian countries and the

Association of Southeast Asian Nations 5 or the
ASEAN 5 (Indonesia, Malaysia Philippines,
Vietnam, and Thailand) had an average of 6.3%
and 5.10 GDP growth, respectively, compared to
the world average growth of 3.5% as of 2016
(Obiols, 2017).
• In 2016, China was the world's

leading exporter of goods valued at
$1.99 trillion, followed by the United
States with $1.45 trillion (Dillinger,
2018).
What makes Asian nations
stronger than ever?
collaborations and cooperation based

on respect.
For one, the ASEAN, as a regional bloc,

pays full respect for sovereignty and
independence of its members through
consensus and consultation (Eliassen &
Arnadottir, 2012).
Globalization
• is the expansion and intensification of social relations and consciousness across world-
time and world-space.
• borderless (It happens around the world.)
Regionalization
• is "the growth of societal integration within a region and to the often undirected processes of social
and economic interaction” (Hurrel, 1995).
• happens only in a specific geographical region.
• Social and economic reciprocal actions of regionalization are undirected because of diversity.
This diversity comes in different levels (Richter &
West, 2014)
Development from the rich Singapore to the poor Laos
Politics from democracy to dictatorship and everything in between
Economics from free markets to capitalism and more
Religion Buddhism, Hinduism, Islam, Christianity,

ohintoism, and more
Regionalization
• refers to a political process by economic policy if cooperation and coordination are present among
countries (Mansfield & Wilmer, 1993).
Regionalism
• refers to the regional concentration of economic flows (Mansfield & Wilmer, 1993).
• pertains to the process of intergovernmental collaborations between two or more states (Eliassen &
Arnadottir, 2012).
Asian regionalism is a new The ASEAN community is

concept among the 50-year-old ASEAN comprised of three pillars.
continental communities. group
The failed East Asia

Economi (EAEG)
Three Pillars of ASEAN
community
POLITICAL SECURITY COMMUNITY
gives importance to human rights, drugs, foreign relations, defense, law, and transnational crimes.
ECONOMIC COMMUNITY
adheres to significant roles of monitoring-economic ministers, finance ministers, central bank governors, free trade area, investment area,
agriculture and forestry, transport ministers, telecommunications and information technology ministers, science and technology, energy,
minerals, tourism, free trade agreements with dialogue partners, and sectoral bodies
SOCIO-CULTURAL COMMUNITY
there is an avenue for cooperation among the ministers responsible for culture and arts, sports, disaster management,
education, environment, health, information, labor, rural development and poverty eradication, women, youth, and
civil service matters.
Several reasons why countries form Regional Association
Military Defense
One of the most widely known defense grouping is the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). It was formed during the cold
war when several Western European countries plus the United States agreed to protect Europe against the threat of the Soviet Union.
Economic development
Countries form regional organizations to pool their resources, get better returns for their exports, as well as expand their leverage
against trading partners. For instance, the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) was established in 1960 by
Iran, Iraq, Kuwait Saudi Arabia, and Venezuela to regulate the production and sale of oil.
Protection from the pressures of superpower politics

To pursue world peace and international cooperation, human rights, national sovereignty, racial and national equality, non-
intervention, and peaceful conflict resolution, thus the presidents of Egypt, Ghana, India, Indonesia, and Yugoslavia created the
Non-Aligned Movement (NAM).
Some Aspects That Led To A Greater
Asian Integration
3. Availability of economic
2. Establishment of formal
1. market-driven grants and overseas
institutions such as the
development assistance by
integration Asian Development Bank
better Asian economies.
(ADB).
5 .Establishment of two
6. ASEAN follows a
4. Expansion of economic structures.
a. the Chiang Mai Initiative consensus rule as an
production b. the Asian Bond Markets approach to decision
Initiative
networks making
Regional Alternatives
How does Asian

countries respond to
the challenges brought
about by BIG GROUPS
globalization?
SMALL GROUPS
LOCAL COMMUNITIES
Conclusion
• Globalization and regionalization are the same for they refer to integration.
Their difference lies on the scope. Globalization is worldwide, while
regionalization focuses on a specific geographical region.
• As a response to world homogenization and division, regionalism that comes
in various forms of regional alternatives to globalization spawned within and
among regions in Asia.
• Asian integration did not happen based only on one historical event for there
were different factors that led to this alliance.
Thank you!

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GROUP SIX

At the end of this section, you are expected to:

differentiate between regionalization and

identify the factors that lead to a greater integration

analyze how different Asian states confront the

•the continent comprises

•A term originated from

•Home of more than 1.4 billion people based on the

•One of the emerging centers of different cultures and

• Emerging and developing Asian countries and the

• In 2016, China was the world's

collaborations and cooperation based

For one, the ASEAN, as a regional bloc,

Development from the rich Singapore to the poor Laos

Politics from democracy to dictatorship and everything in between

Economics from free markets to capitalism and more

Religion Buddhism, Hinduism, Islam, Christianity,

Asian regionalism is a new The ASEAN community is

The failed East Asia

POLITICAL SECURITY COMMUNITY

Protection from the pressures of superpower politics

How does Asian

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