ASIAN

REGIONALIS
M
 Table of contents
01 02 03
DIFFERENCE FACTORS THAT CHALLENGES OF
BETWEEN ARE LEADING REGIONALISM
REGIONALIZATION THE ASIAN
AND REGION INTO
GLOBALIZATION GREATER
INTERGRATION
WHAT IS

REGIONALIZATION?
• The process of dividing an area into smaller segments called
regions.
• Division of a nation into states or provinces.
• In the economic context, regionalization is a management
tool.
 WHAT IS
REGIONALISM?
• Regionalism is created as a sort of counter-globalization
• Regional organizations will always prefer regional partners
over the rest of the world.
WHAT IS
GLOBALIZATION?
• The Expansion and intensification of social relations and
consciousness across world-space and world time.
 WHAT IS
ASIAN
• REGIONALISM?
Asian regionalism is the product of economic interaction,
not political planning. As a result of successful, outward
oriented growth strategies, Asian economies have grown not
only richer, but also closer together.
REGIONALIZATION VS.
GLOBALIZATION
 REGIONALIZATI
GLOBALIZATION
ON
PROMOTES
INTEGRATION OF
ECONOMIES DIVIDES AN AREA
NATURE ACROSS STATES INTO A SMALLER
BORDERS ALL SEGMENT.
AROUND THE
WORLD.
 REGIONALIZAT
Globalization
ION

Monopolies are more

likely to develop.
Allows many Monopoly means one
corporations to trade on producer controls supply
MARKET international level; it of a good or service, and
allows free market where the entry of new
producers is prevented or
highly restricted.
 REGIONALIZAT
GLOBALIZATION
ION

CULTURAL ACCELERATION TO
AND MULTICUKTURALIS
MTHROUGH FREE DOES NOT SUPPPORT
SOCIETAL AND INEXPENSIVE MULTICULTURALSM
RELATION MOVEMENT OF
PEOPLE
S
 REGIONALIZAT
GLOBALIZATION
ION

Globalized international A regionalized area

communities are more does not get involved
AID willing to aid countries in the affairs of other
stricken by disasters areas.
 REGIONALIZATIO
GLOBALIZATION
N

TECHNOLOGI Globalization has driven Advanced technology is

CAL great advances in rarely available in one
technology country or region.
ADVANCES
REGIONAL INTEGRATION
Is the process by which two or more nation-
states agree to co-operate and work closely
together to achieve peace, stability and
wealth.
The entire world is moving towards integration, it is
inevitable. In Asia, the Southeast Asian countries
have already formed ASEAN (ASSOCIATION OF
SOUTHEAST ASIAN NATIONS. This regional
power block appears to work fine, the member states
fit very well together because of the following
factors:
 WHY DO COUNTRIES FORM
REGIONAL ASSOCIATIONS?
Military Defense
the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
(NATO) was formed to protect Europe from
the threat of the Soviet Union; and as a
response, the Soviet Union created the
Warsaw Pact.
 WHY DO COUNTRIES FORM
REGIONAL ASSOCIATIONS?
eCONOMIC CRISIS
The ASEAN countries along with China,
Japan, and South Korea established an
emergency fund that stabilized Asian
economies after the rippling effect of the Thai
economy’s collapse.
 WHY DO COUNTRIES FORM
REGIONAL ASSOCIATIONS?
RESOURCES
Countries need to pool their resources together to make
themselves more powerful. The Organization of the
Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) rose in power
when they took over domestic production and controlled
crude oil prices across the globe.
 WHY DO COUNTRIES FORM
REGIONAL ASSOCIATIONS?
PROTECTION OF INDEPENDENCE
The countries under the Non-Alignment
Movement (NAM) refused to side with the
capitalists (Western Europe & North
America) or the communists (Eastern
Europe).
There are many factors that are
leading the Asian Region into
greater integration
1) TRADE - The world economy is intertwined
with each other whether we like it or not. We all
want or need something from another part of the
world, including global trade facilitates. These
nations can readily supply each other’s needs.
2) SIMILAR CULTURE - The cultures of
Asia is diverse but they do share many
things. This makes it an easier fit during
times of negotiations.
3) COMMON GOALS - The Asian region
recognizes the mutual benefit of a slow
integration, and that is to accelerate the economic
growth, social progress and cultural development
and to promote peace.
4) SIMILAR SECURITY NEEDS - aside
from small localized rebels, this association
needs only to contend with foreign-supported
terrorist groups which are usually handled
well.
Non-State Regionalism
• Hemispheric Social Alliance – opposes the
North American Free Trade Agreement
(NAFTA)
• Rainforest Foundation – protects indigenous
people and rainforests
• Regional Interfaith Youth Networks – young
Christians across Asia
The power of these organization depends on their moral
standing and their ability to pressure politics into some
form of social change. Another challenge faced by these
organizations is the discord amongst themselves, such as
the differences in stands on gender and religion.
Moreover, governments may not be very welcoming of
them.
Challenges to Regionalism
Resurgence of militant nationalism and
populism- this involves the conflict between
the NATO, the United States, and Vladimir
Putin’s Anti-NATO movement.
Continuing financial crisis- The continuing
crisis in the European Region continues to lead
the United Kingdom into exiting the European
Union.
Conflict between sovereignty and regional stability.
The Philippines had a difficulty in letting some
countries support its condemnation of China’s
occupation of the West Philippine Sea because China
had given great investments and economic aid to these
countries.
Differing visions of regionalism. Developed
countries like the US may only see regionalism as a
tool for political democratization, but developing
countries see regionalism as an obstacle to economic
globalization because public inquiry slows down its
implementations.
How do different Asian states
confront the challenges of
globalization and
regionalization?
 ASEAN Member Countries

• Indonesia Thailand Malaysia

• Singapore Philippines Vietnam
• Cambodia Brunei Myanmar
• Laos
 Maintaining peace and security in Southeast Asia,
fostering economic and cultural interchange among its
member nations, and building partnerships with other
nations who share similar objectives are all goals of
ASEAN. During the Cold War, ASEAN was established
to foster collaboration and stability in a politically
turbulend region.
 HOW DO DIFFERENT ASIAN STATES
CONFRONT THE CHALLENGES OF
GLOBALIZATION AND REGIONALIZATION?
1. Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)

- founded on 8 August 1967 by Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore,

Thailand and the Philippines​.
- promoted economic growth, social progress and cultural
development in the Southeast Asian region through multilateral
cooperation​.
·Founding Fathers of ASEAN: Indonesia, Malaysia,
Philippines, Singapore and Thailand

Energy and environmental issues: As a result of Asia's rapid

economic growth, which has increased its reliance for
imports, the importance of sea lanes and transformational
routes has increased. ​( Asian nations must support science and
technology so that their people can one day find or develop
sustainable energy sources. )
Migration has dramatically increased as a result of a mix
of factors including the quickly expanding populations in
many of the developing world, porous country borders,
and differences in the rates of economic growth. ​(Similar
to Malaysia, other Asian nations must send out troops and
ships to control the arrival of migrants.
Organized crime and threats from "non-state" actors: As
national boundaries become more transparent and
communication and transportation are made easier, there
are less restrictions on the activities of organized criminal
networks, terrorists, drug and weapon traffickers, and
even people smugglers. ​(Asia needs to adopt tighter rules
governing national security.)
Weakening of regional institutions as a result of divisions among
ASEAN's authoritarian members. "Flexible engagement"
enables nations to remark on one another's domestic political
issues and to keep an eye on economic indicators for warning
signals of impending catastrophe. ​
(Asian nations should prevent other governments from
influencing their political choices in order to protect their
sovereignty.)
Shifts in balance of power- Deepening economic
integration gives rise to regional economic blocks that
competes for power and influence.
Asian countries need to work together as one region
instead of competing for power, and rise against Western
economic dominance. .
Expanding Roles of the Military- With lingering
traditional threats, the prospect of increased internal
tensions in Asian countries, and the emergence of new
security challenges will place high demand on regional
militaries. Increasing demand for military will likely
coincide with a perio of declining resources.
So as to avoid the declining of resources,
countries can adopt conscription methods
similar to that of South Korea wherein men are
required to do compulsory military conscription
for a few years and go back to their lives
eventually.
Globalization and Democracy- Authoritarian regimes suffer more
from the effect of globalization than states that embrace
transparency, accountability and the rule of law because these are
norms that are the backbone of democratic and free-market
societies.
Asian countries may have to adopt democracy in order to have an
efficient economic system that is well-criticized and is therefore
well-reviewed by the mass. This way, the processes become more
efficient.
THANK YOU