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    Thermal Energy & Heat

    Uploaded by

    bisratbirhanu52
    The document discusses different topics related to thermal energy and heat transfer including temperature, thermal energy, heat, and the different methods of heat transfer including radiation, conduction, and convection. It provides definitions and examples for each topic.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Thermal Energy & Heat

    Uploaded by

    bisratbirhanu52
    6 views28 pages
    The document discusses different topics related to thermal energy and heat transfer including temperature, thermal energy, heat, and the different methods of heat transfer including radiation, conduction, and convection. It provides definitions and examples for each topic.

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    4411609

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    The document discusses different topics related to thermal energy and heat transfer including temperature, thermal energy, heat, and the different methods of heat transfer including radiation, conduction, and convection. It provides definitions and examples for each topic.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    6 views28 pages

    Thermal Energy & Heat

    Uploaded by

    bisratbirhanu52
    The document discusses different topics related to thermal energy and heat transfer including temperature, thermal energy, heat, and the different methods of heat transfer including radiation, conduction, and convection. It provides definitions and examples for each topic.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 28

    Thermal Energy &

    Heat
    Temperature

     Temperature
     measure of the
    average KE
    (motion) of the
    particles
    Going from Celsius to
    Fahrenheit
    o
    F = 9/5 (oC) + 32

    Convert 37 oC to oF.
    o
    F = 9/5oC + 32
    o
    F = 9/5(37oC) + 32
    = 66.6 + 32
    = 98.6oF
    Going from Fahrenheit to
    Celsius
    o
    C = 5/9 (oF – 32)

    Convert 68oF to oC
    o
    C = 5/9(oF – 32)
    o
    C = 5/9(68 – 32)
    = 5/9(36)
    = 20 oC
    Thermal Energy
     Thermal Energy
     the total energy of the particles in
    a material (KE + PE)
     KE - movement of particles
     PE - forces within or between particles due to position

     depends on temperature, mass,


    and type of substance
    Thermal Energy
     Which beaker of water has more
    thermal energy?
     B - same temperature, more mass

    80ºC 80ºC

    A B
    400 mL

    200 mL
    Heat Transfer
     Heat
     thermal energy that flows from
    a warmer material to a cooler
    material
     Heat is...
     measured in joules (J)
     a transfer of energy
    Heat Transfer
     Why does A feel hot and B feel cold?
     Heat flows from A to your hand = hot.
     Heat flows from your hand to B = cold.

    80ºC 10ºC

    A B
    Heat Transfer
     Heat is always
    transferred from hot to
    cold.
     Insulators slow the
    transfer of heat due to
    air pockets.
     Conductors easily
    allow the transfer of
    heat, like metals.
     Heat is transferred by
    radiation, conduction,
    and convection.
    Radiation
     Transfer of heat
    through
    electromagnetic
    radiation (light from
    stars or light bulbs).
     Transferred in all
    directions.
     No contact required!
     Dark or dull objects
    absorb more than
    light or shiny objects
    do.
    How does heat get from
    one place to another?
    1. Radiation
    2. Conduction
    3. Convection
    Conduction
     Heat is transferred
    due to objects
    touching each other
    or through collisions.
     Occurs best in solids.
     Heat continues to be
    transferred until both
    objects reach the
    same temperature,
    called a thermal
    equilibrium.
    Heat Transfer
     Insulators slow the
    transfer of heat
    due to air pockets.

     Conductors easily
    allow the transfer
    of heat, like
    metals.
    Skin at 37 C Skin at 37 C

    Aluminum at 25 C Compressed foam at 25 C

    Feels “cold” Feels “warm”


    Ice at 0 C Ice at 0 C

    Aluminum at 25 C Compressed foam at 25 C


    Question???
     Nick bought a bowl of soup in
    Styrofoam cup. He noticed that the
    metal spoon handle sticking out of
    the soup became too hot to touch,
    but he could hold the cup in his
    hand comfortably. Explain why the
    Styrofoam cup and spoon did not
    feel the same.
    How did you do?
     You should CORRECTLY use the following
    concepts: Molecules, Heat/Energy Transfer,
    Conductor, Insulator

     The warmer molecules in the soup transfer


    heat energy to the spoon. The spoon is
    made of metal, a conductor, which allows
    the heat to move easily to your hand. The
    Styrofoam is an insulator, so the heat does
    not transfer to your hand easily.
    Radiation vs. Conduction
    1. Energy that 1. Energy that
    travels as travels through
    waves through contact of things
    space between
    things 2. Contact is
    necessary
    2. Direct contact
    not necessary
    3. From faster
    3. From the Sun
    moving
    and light molecules
    4. Can travel
    Conduction in aluminum

    Metal bar
    Hot Water
    Conduction in aluminum

    Metal bar
    Hot Water
    Conduction in steel

    Metal bar
    Hot Water
    Conduction
     Conduction is when energy transfers
    from one place to another by direct
    contact

     Differential conduction is when


    energy transfers at different rates
    depending upon the material it is
    passing through
    Steel

    Aluminum

    Styrofoam

    Marble

    Wood
    Conduction in styrofoam

    Styrofoam Block
    Hot Water
    Differential conduction can
    explain these two mysteries
    about the “Amazing Melting
    Ice Blocks”
     1. Why does one block feel cold and
    one feel warm when they are the same
    temperature?

     2. Why does the block that feels cold


    so much better at melting the ice than
    the “warm” block?
    Convection
     Transfer of heat
    through a liquid or
    gas through
    moving currents,
    called convection
    currents.
     The cause of wind
    and weather.
     The movement of a substance that
    is caused by differences in
    temperature and density.
     EXAMPLES: wind
    boiling water
     NATURE WANTS

    EVERYTHING TO BALANCE ! !
    Convection

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