WRITING – READING

PRE IELTS
 Writing skills: a review of graph
and map lesson

Writing skills: understanding

Agenda about writing task 2 and How to
write a paraphraph

Reading skills: matching

questions
MIDTERM TEST

Road to IELTS by James

 Task 1.1

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

The two maps below show an island named Paradise
in the past and at present.
Summarise the information by selecting and
reporting the main features and make comparisons
where relevant.
Write at least 150 words.
WRITING SKILL

TASK 2
Understanding the test

 The total time allowed for the IELTS Academic Writing test is 60 minutes.
 Time yourself and allow just one hour to complete both parts of the test.
 Task 2 contributes twice as much as task 1 to the Writing score.
 Writing task 1
 You should spend about 20 minutes on task 1
 write in a formal style
 write at least 150 words
 Writing task 2
 You should spend about 40 minutes on task 2
 write in a formal style
 write at least 250 words
IELTS Writing marking schemes

Grammatical Task
Range and Achievement
Accuracy

Lexical Coherence and

Resource Cohesion
Writing Task 2: Mark scheme
How to write a paragraph

Writing skills
What is paragraph?

 A series of sentences that are organized and coherent, and are all related to a single topic
 Paragraph writing is not just expressing your views about the topic in a group of
sentences.
 It is all about structuring ideas in a clear format to make the reader fall in love with the
topic and continue their studying till to an end of the topic.
 While writing paragraphs about any topic, it’s more important to maintain the quality and
flow of the paragraph than word count
Types of paragraph

NARRATIVE Descriptive
Narrative
paragraphs give
paragraphs tell
vivid
stories about a
descriptions of
scene or event
one subject
DESCRIPTIV
PERSUASIVE
E

Expository
paragraphs Persuasive
provide paragraphs try to
information and convince the
EXPOSITORY
explain reader
somethings
Paragraph organization

Topic sentence

Supporting
sentences

Concluding
sentence
 Organization

Topic sentence Support sentences Conclusion

The supporting sentences should provide

The topic sentence should ideally be the
additional information that is relevant to The conclusion needs to be a short,
first sentence of the paragraph and
the topic and helps support the argument cohesive sentence that concludes the
should introduce the topic that will be
of the topic. Generally, there are between topic of the paragraph.
discussed in the paragraph.
2 and 4 support sentences per paragraph.
Which one is topic sentence?
How many supporting
sentences?
Which one is concluding
sentence?
 Topic Sentence

It is the first sentence of a paragraph.

Also, we can call an introduction sentence of a paragraph.

It states the main idea of each paragraph and displays how the idea connects to the thesis or
overall focus of the paper.

All consequent points presented in the paragraphs must support the topic sentence.
Topic Sentence

 What is the topic sentence? The topic sentence is the first sentence in a paragraph.
 What does it do? It introduces the main idea of the paragraph.
 How do I write one? Summarize the main idea of your paragraph. Make clear what your
Paragraph will be about.
 You should spend 20 minutes for this task
WRITE A PARAGRAPH ABOUT AN ITEM
Practice THAT YOU FEEL YOU NEED FOR YOUR
STUDY.
you should write at least 120 words
 Supporting Details

The supporting sentences explain more about the topic sentence by showing some facts, stats,
or examples regarding the topic. It also includes the writer’s experience & own analysis and
used to develop the topic sentence. The following are common origins of supporting details:

• Expert Opinion
• Facts and Statistics
• Personal Experiences
• Others’ Experiences
• Brief Stories
• Research Studies
• Your Own Analysis
• Interviews
Supporting Details

 What are the supporting sentences? They come after the topic sentence, making up the
body of a paragraph.
 What do they do? They give details to develop and support the main idea of the
paragraph.
 How do I write them? You should give supporting facts, details, and example
Unity
Editing for
unity
Developing
unity
Coherence
 To show addition: again, and, also, besides, equally important, first (second,
etc.), further, furthermore, in addition, in the first place, moreover, next, too
To give examples: for example, for instance, in fact, specifically, that is, to
illustrate
To compare: also, in the same manner, likewise, similarly
To contrast: although, and yet, at the same time, but, despite, even though,
however, in contrast, in spite of, nevertheless, on the contrary, on the other hand,
Useful Transition still, though, yet

Words To summarize or conclude: all in all, in conclusion, in other words, in short, in

summary, on the whole, that is, therefore, to sum up
To show time: after, afterward, as, as long as, as soon as, at last, before, during,
earlier, finally, formerly, immediately, later, meanwhile, next, since, shortly,
subsequently, then, thereafter, until, when, while
To show place or direction: above, below, beyond, close, elsewhere, farther on,
here, nearby, opposite, to the left (north, etc.)
To indicate a logical relationship: accordingly, as a result, because,
consequently, for this reason, hence, if, otherwise, since, so, then, therefore, thus
 You should spend 20 minutes for this task
WRITE A PARAGRAPH ABOUT AN ITEM
Practice THAT YOU FEEL YOU NEED FOR YOUR
STUDY.
you should write at least 120 words
Sample

It is a Macbook computer which is very compact and convenient. I remember quite clearly that this is
the birthday present my mother gave me when I was 20 years old. I often use it to take notes and study
online. In addition, because it has a large screen, I can replace the TV for watching exercise lessons.
Besides, it plays a very important role in my academic life, especially when I have presentations. It can
easily help me create slides as well as perform attractively in front of my classmates. Not only that, I
entertain myself on the computer, I can keep it on all day without getting bored.
Sample

It is a laptop I bought 2 years ago when I was a freshman at HNUE. The brand of this is
Dell which is a famous company for electronic devices. This laptop is very compact and
easy to carry when I go to school. It helps me find information for my lesson on the
Internet and help me study online. In addition, I can connect and interact virtually with
my teachers quickly.
Sample

The initial reason is convenience. Laptops are portable and lightweight, so that they
easily move from one place to another. Moreover, when laptops are full battery, they can
be used for hours. Thank to the mobility, you can access the necessary data wherever
you are.
Concluding Sentence

It is the end of the paragraph which is also known as final statement about the
topic.

It ties all ideas given in the paragraph and emphasizes the main idea one last
time.

In the concluding sentence, the writer usually restates their topic sentence or
summarizes the main points of the paragraph.
Concluding Sentence

 What is the closing sentence? The closing sentence is the last sentence in a paragraph.
 What does it do? It restates the main idea of your paragraph.
 How do I write one? Restate the main idea of the paragraph using different words.
Paragraph organization

Topic sentence

Supporting
sentences

Concluding
sentence
Marking criteria

Grammatical
range and
accuracy

Task Lexical
achieve resource
ments s

Unity and
coherence
 You should spend 10 minutes for this task
WRITE A PARAGRAPH ABOUT THE
Practice ADVANTAGES OF LEARNING ONLINE
COURSES.
you should write at least 80-100 words
Sample

 Affordable
 Flexible
 Learning online courses has two major benefits to learners. Firstly, these courses are more
affordable than that of face-to-face/traditional classess because students do not need to
pay for travelling or facility’s cost. For example, the cost of an IELTS program is less
expensive than studying offline at a center. Secondly, another advantage of learning
virtual course is flexible. Specifically, learners are able to take part in classes anytime or
anywhere they would like to. For instant, students can study at a coffee shop or even a
public public at different periods of a day. In short, studying online brings a number of
pros for learners which should be taken into consideration.
How to build a paragraph
You should

Understand about Know about

clause and conjunction and
sentence transional words
CLAUSE AND SENTENCE

A SENTENCE IS A WHEREAS A CLAUSE

COMPLETE IS JUST PART OF IT
STATEMENT
When the sun
went down

When the sun went

because I had down, I drove to
run out of the supermarket
coffee
because I had run
out of coffee

I drove to the
supermarket
TYPES OF SENTENCE?

Simple Compound

Compound-
Complex
complex
A Simple SENTENCE

• A simple sentence is one independent clause.

• Freshwater boils at 100 degrees Celsius at sea level.
• Freshwater boils at 100 degrees and freezes at 0 degrees Celsius.
• Freshwater and salt water do not boil and do not freeze at the same temperatures.
• Notice that the second sentence has two verbs, boils and freezes. This is called a compound verb.
• The third sentence has both a compound subject and a compound verb.
• All three examples are simple sentences because they have only one clause.

• S + V + (O)
• S + V1 and V2 + (O):
• S1 and S2 + V1 and V2 + (O)
A compound sentence

A compound sentence is two or more independent clauses joined together. There are three ways to join the clauses:

1. With a coordinator
 Saltwater boils at a higher temperature than freshwater, so food cooks faster in salt water.
 SVO1, FANBOY SVO2
2. With a conjunctive adverb
 Saltwater boils at a higher temperature than freshwater; therefore, food cooks faster in salt water.
 SVO1; CONJUNCTION, SVO2
3. With a semicolon (;)
 Saltwater boils at a higher temperature than freshwater; food cooks faster in salt water.
 SVO1; SVO2
Compound Sentences with Coordinators

• A compound sentence can be formed as follows:

• Independent clause, + coordinator + independent clause

• Saltwater boils at a lower temperature than freshwater, so food cooks faster in salt water.
But - yet

 But and yet have similar meanings

 They both signal that an opposite idea is coming.
 But is preferred when the two clauses are direct opposites.
 When the second clause is an unexpected or surprising continuation because of information
given in the first clause, yet is preferred.
 I want to study art, but my parents want me to study engineering. (direct
opposite)
 I am very bad at math, yet my parents want me to study engineering.
(surprising continuation after "I am very bad at math")
Compound Sentences with Conjunctive Adverbs

 A second way to form a compound sentence is as follows:

 Independent clause; + conjunctive adverb, + independent clause
 Saltwater boils at a higher temperature than freshwater; therefore, food cooks faster in salt water.
 Punctuation note: Put a semicolon before and a comma after the conjunctive adverb.
 Several transition signals, such as on the other hand, as a result, and for example, act like conjunctive
adverbs; they can also connect independent clauses with a semi- colon and a comma. The following
chart lists common conjunctive adverbs and a few transition signals that can be used in this way.
Complex sentences

• A complex sentence contains one independent clause and one (or more) dependent clause(s).
• In a complex sentence, one idea is generally more important than the other.
• We place the more important idea in the independent clause and the less important idea in the
dependent clause.
• There are three kinds of dependent clauses: adverb, adjective, and noun.
Complex Sentences with Adverb Clauses

• An adverb clause acts like an adverb; that is, it tells where, when, why, and how.
• An adverb clause begins with a subordinator, such as when, while, because, although, if,
so, or that.
• It can come before or after an independent clause.
Complex Sentences with Adjective Clauses

• An adjective clause acts like an adjective; that is, it describes a noun or pronoun.
• An adjective clause begins with a relative pronoun, such as who, whom, which, whose, or
that, or with a relative adverb, such as where or when.
• It follows the noun or pronoun it describes.
Complex Sentences with Noun Clauses

• A noun clause begins with a wh- question word, that, whether, and sometimes if.
• A noun clause acts like a noun; it can be either the subject or an object o f the independent
clause.
TYPES OF SENTENCE?

Simple Compound

Complex
 You should spend 10 minutes for this task
WRITE A PARAGRAPH ABOUT THE
Practice ADVANTAGES OF LEARNING ONLINE
COURSES.
you should write at least 80-100 words
 Writing task
Vocabulary homework
Homework for • https://learnenglishteens.britishcouncil.org/uk-now/rea
listening + d-uk/cop26-un-climate-change-conference

Vocabulary • https://learnenglishteens.britishcouncil.org/study-br
eak/graded-reading/intermediate-b1-graded-readin
g/happiness-b1

Reading handout 10/9

 Task 1
You should spend about 20 minutes
on this task.
The line chart details the
proportion of residents living in
Australia in millions from
different regions between 1976
and 2011.
Summarize the information by
selecting and reporting the main
features and make comparisons where
relevant.
Write at least 150 words.
 Task 1.2

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

The bar chart illustrates the number of people
in the UK eating more than 5 portions of
vegetables and fish per day.
Summarise the information by selecting and
reporting the main features and make
comparisons where relevant.
Write at least 150 words.
Task 2

You should spend 20 minutes for this task

Write a paragraph about why youngsters should do more

physical activity.

you should write at least 120 words

Thank you