Writing Group 2

WRITING
Paragraph
Paragraph (structure
(structure of
of aa paragraph
paragraph and
and the
the development
development of
of aa
paragraph)
paragraph)
Supporting lecturer :
M. Aries taufiq
By group 2 :
MARETI (2319086)
DIAN MAURIZKA D. (2319095)
AULIA ROSITA (2319096)
NADIA TRI CAHYANI (2319109)
Definition of paragraph
paragraph is a brief piece of writing

that's around seven to ten sentences
long. It has a topic sentence and
supporting sentences that all relate
closely to the topic sentence. The
paragraph form refers to its overall
structure, which is a group of
sentences focusing on a single topic.
Structure of paragraph
Topic
sente
nce
(it
has
the
mainsentence
Supporting
idea)
(details that relate to
and support the topic
sentence)
Concluding sentence
(a brief reflection or statement about the
main idea)
 Topic sentence
Topic sentences also serve other functions. They present the
main idea of that paragraph and give a sample of what the
paragraph is going to be about. This is important for your
readers, but it’s also important for you as a writer. Your topic
sentence keeps you “on topic.” It makes sure that all of the
information that follows fits in that paragraph.
For fiction writers, topic sentences still give an overview of the
paragraph. They may introduce what a character is doing or
feeling before you go into more detail, or they may introduce a
specific setting that you plan to elaborate on.
 Supporting Sentences
The supporting sentences are the meat of your paragraph. In
any sort of academic or technical writing, this is where most of
your argument is presented.
What sort of things can you include in supporting sentences?
First, you can present evidence or facts that support both your
topic sentence and your overall paper topic. But evidence alone
isn’t very compelling. You can extend your point by offering
further explanation and description. You can give specific
examples or make comparisons. Your supporting sentences
should also include some more in-depth analysis and evaluation.
If opinions are appropriate for your topic, they can go here,
too.

The most important thing to remember is that all your
supporting sentences must relate back to your topic sentence.
Writing is a synthesis of information, and paragraphs are how
we categorize the information. If you’re writing a paper on
evolution, and your paragraph is about Darwin’s finches, you
won’t include a sentence about Mendel’s pea plants there.
Supporting sentences are more arbitrary in fiction, but they
should still fit with your topic sentence. Using TiPToP is
especially helpful when you aren’t sure if a sentence belongs in
your story’s paragraph.
 Concluding Sentences
Finally, your paragraph will usually have a concluding sentence. A
concluding sentence ties up your paragraph with a neat little
bow. It should tie back to your topic sentence or back to the
topic of the paper as a whole.
Sometimes, you might not need a concluding sentence. If you
have split a long paragraph into two or three, these paragraphs
might have more or less the same topic. Concluding sentences
are used when you wrap up the topic and are moving on to the
next point.

TYPES OF PARAGRAPH
Narrative Paragraph
Narrative paragraphs tell stories. They differ from
short stories or novels in length as well as in the amount
of detail provided ; they sometimes are little more than
brief vignettes.
Descriptive Paragraph
The purpose of a descriptive paragraph is to allow the
reader to experience the item, phenomenon or event
being described as vividly as possible without physically
sensing it.
Expository Paragraph
An expository paragraph explains something; its purpose
is to help the reader understand.
Persuasive paragraph
The purpose of a persuasive paragraph is to convince the
reader of something, such as the writer’s position on a
controversial topic or a proposal for a new project.
Literary paragraph
Literary paragraphs are paragraph written about
literature;they are part of a genre known as “lterary
criticism”. This does not mean they are supposed to find
fault with a peice of literature; criticism, in this sense, is
an analytical examination of a poem, story, novel, play,
essay, other literary work.
Definition of
the development of a paragraph
Paragraph development is an variety of patterns

that reflect your thinking about the material. As
your write the topic sentence and it supporting
sentences, look for ways to structure yor thinking.
These patterns of paragraph development usually
emerge inthe process of revision.
Sub topic :
• Methods of paragraph support and
development
• How to write concluding sentence
• How to do peer editing

Methods of paragraph support and
development
5 steps process to paragraph development
 Controling idea and topic sentence
The expression of the main idea, topic, or focus of the paragraph
in a sentence or a collection of sentences. Idea is learning how to
turn in homework assignments on time is one of the most valuable
skills that college students can ake with into the working world.
 Explanation of controling idea
The writer’s explanation of his/her thinking about the main topic,
idea, or focus of the paragraph. Explanation – trough the
workforce may not assign homework to its workers in the
traditional sense, may of the objectives and jobs that need to be
completed require that empoyees work with deadlines.
 Example
The example serves as a sign or representation of the relationship
estabilished in the idea and explanation portions of the paragraph.
 Explanation
The reasoning behind why you chose to use this or these
particular examples as evidence to support the major claim, or
focus, in your paragraph. Completion of paragraph’s idea or
transition into next paragraph A review for you reader about the
relevance of the information that you just discussed in the
paragraph, or a transition or preparation for you reader for the
paragraph that follows.

Concluding sentences
How to end a paragraph : the final sentence is called
the concluding sentence. It sums up the main points
or restates the main idea in a different way. A
sentence that sums up the paragraph reminds the
reader of what the writer’s main idea and supporting
points were. A sentences the restates the main idea
should give the same information in a slightly
different way, perhaps by using different word
order. A concluding sentence should not introduce a
new points.
Peer editing
What is peer editing ?
Showing your work to another student is a very useful
way to improve your writing. This is called peer
editing. You read your patner’s writing and your
partner reads yours. You comment on your partner’s
writing and your partner comments on yours. You
might talk together, write comments on a sheet that
you instructor give you, or write on your partner work.
Why do writers use peer editing?
There are two reasons for peer editing. The first is

to get a reader’s opinion about your writing. A
reader can tell you that...
• You should add more details or explanation
• Something is not organised clearly
• You have some information that is not relevant
• There is something that is hard to understand.
How to do peer edit?
• Read your partner’s work several times. The first time, just read from the
beginning to the end. Ask yourself, ‘what is it about? What is the writer’s
purpose?’
• On your second reading, go more slowly and look at the specific parts of
the writing and make notes.
• Look for topic sentences and concluding sentences
a) Note places where you have trouble understanding something, where there
seems to be unnecessary information, or where there is not enough
information
b) Let the writer know which parts of the text are expecially strong or
interesting
c) Ask question. This is a good way to let the writer know where he or she
coul add more information
d) Circle or underline word, phrases, and sentences that you wish to comment
on
• Don’t look for grammar or spelling mistakes. Pay attention just to the
content and organisation of the work.

THANK YOU !

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paragraph is a brief piece of writing

Paragraph development is an variety of patterns

• How to write concluding sentence

• How to do peer editing

There are two reasons for peer editing. The first is

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