Presentation G1

WELCOME TO OUR
PRESENTATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
• To our advisors Dr. Krishina and Ato Tomas T. for

their humble and continuous advice on how to keep
in track of the project work based on their
knowledge and experience.
• We also would like to thank Ato Ephrem & Ato Jemal
for giving us continuous advice on how to proceed.
• Our special thanks goes to the head and all families
of Jimma University, Civil Engineering department for
being with us to make our project a success.
OBJECTIVE
• To help students revise what they have learnt

in class.
• Introducing students to the real world design
processes and situations
• To prepare students to be a qualified engineer
in their future.
• To develop the habit of working together and
share ideas with each other
INTRODUCTION
• The project is structural design of a G+7 hotel building with basement.
• It is located in Addis Ababa.
• The plan area of the building is about 410m 2. And the total height is
32.2m above the ground level.
• The limit state design method is used for the entire structure. The
Ethiopian Building Code of standards (EBCS-1995) is used with lecture
notes as a reference. ETABS 9 computer software was used for the
analysis part.
• The software analysis results are obtained from different combinations
of loads.
• But for design, the envelope was used, which considers the maximum
effect among the defined combinations
ABSTRACT
• This report consists of the structural design of a G+7 hotel building with a
basement.
• The Contents of this report have been divided into five chapters. The first chapter
deals with the structural planning.
• The main part of this report is chapter two, which includes the design of slabs
from roof to the basement floor.
• Some slabs are irregular in shape, which is difficult to analyze using EBCS-1995, so
that they are changed to equivalent rectangular form and the adequacy is
checked by using yield line method of analysis.
• The design of staircase is included in the report. Six stairs, four at the middle and
two at side are designed.
• The lateral loads from wind and earth quake are calculated. Since the earth quake
load is the governing load the frame analysis is done using the earth quake load.
• Finally the design of beam, column and foundation is included in this project.
Structural planning
• Structural planning is the first step of

structural design which includes:
– position & orientation of column,
– positioning of beam,
– layout of stair case and
– selecting proper type of foundation
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF SLABS
 Some of the panels are trapezoidal in shape,
 As there is no direct analysis technique for such shapes
in EBCS code, the panels are approximated to a rectangular
shape of equal area.
 The safety is checked by using yield line method of slab
analysis.
This is done by taking the moments obtained from the
equivalent rectangular panels onto the actual shape & the
ultimate capacity is determined and it was found to be
above the design load used.
Cont…
• There are five solid slabs:
 Roof
 Pent house
 First Floor
 Mezzanine Floor &
 Ground Floor
• Typical floors (2nd -6th ) are designed as ribbed slabs
ROOF SLAB
• The slab is designed using EBCS code
considering for the following loads
– dead load of the slab
– Parapet wall
– wind loads
– live loads from EBCS.

Cont…
• As the shape of roof is somewhat trapezoidal,
the projected area is taken to use EBCS
provisions for the analysis of wind load.
Cont…
• Procedures in calculation of wind
• External wind pressure
– We = qref ×Ce(ze)×Cpe
• Internal wind pressure
Wi= qref ×Ce(zi)×Cpi
Wnet = qref x Ce(z) x {Cpe – Cpi}
Design of solid slabs
The following procedures have been followed
 grouping of similar panels
 minimum depth requirement for
deflection is determined
 dead load is determined :
• using the governing slab depth (RC slab)
• Partitions
• Floor finish
• Cement screed
• Plastering
 Live loads according to EBCS are determined for each panels
CONT…
• Moment, M= αi*Pd*L2x
• Moment adjustments using the coefficient
method.
• Check depth for flexure
• Determination of shear force, Vi= βvi * Pd*Lx
• Check depth for shear
For slabs with unsupported edge, a strip method of analysis is
made.
Cont…
• Panel 3
• D=120mm, C-25Mpa, S-300, Wd=6.72KN/m2, φ-use 10mm, cover=15mm, d=120-15-
10=95mm
→Provide minimum reinforcement for strip B-B (since a relatively small load is transferred
to the longer direction)
• ASmin = [o.5/fyk]bd ,
• Ρmin = 0.5/fyk = 0.00167
• Using φ10, d = 95mm, b=1000mm
• ASmin =0.00167*1000*95=158.65mm2/m
• S = bas/As = 1000*78.5/158.65=494.8mm
• Smax = min.{2D=240mm, 350mm}
• Provide φ10 c/c 250mm, As=b*as/S=314mm2
• Ρ= As /bd = 0.0033
Cont…
• Section capacity
Mc = 0.8bd2fcdρm (1-0.4ρm)
• Design constants;
Fyd = Fyk/1.15=300/1.15=260.87Mpa
Fcd= 0.85fck/1.5=0.85*25/1.5*1.25=11.33Mpa.
m= fyd/0.8fcd=28.78
• Mc=0.8bd2fcdρm (1-0.4ρm)=7.47KNm/m
Cont…
• Strip B-B
• →Taking moment ratio of 2.0, Mxs/Mxf=2.0

• 7.47, (1-k1)=(7.47*24/(6.72*5.52)), → K1 =0.12
Mxf= (1-K1)Wl2/24=7.45KNm/m Mxs = (1-
K1)WL2/12=14.91KNm/m
Cont…
• Strip C-C
, Myf=0.017KNm/m
Mys=0.531KNm/m
Strip A-A
Cont…
• Mxs=W*L2/12=4.56*5.52/12=11.49KNm
• Mxf=WL2/24=4.56*5.52/24=5.75KNm
• Reinforcement details.dwg
Design of Typical Floor Slabs
• The function of the floor is mainly for bed
rooms
• These floor slabs are designed as ribbed slabs
due to their light live load
• This will make the design more economical
relative to the solid slabs
• The joists run in the shorter direction
Design of joists
• Depth determination for deflection
requirement
• Assuming hollow concrete section of,
Cont…
• Thickness of topping and joist width is assumed based on minimum
requirement.
• Joist spacing is fixed based on the provided HCB
• Loading from
 HCB
 Joist
 topping
 finishing
Partition
Live load from EBCS
Cont…
• Analysis of joists are done by using SAP 2000
• Sample analysis result for joist on panel 6,
7,13
Cont…
• For joist on panel 10, 11,14
• Check depth for shear and moment

• Topping design
Design Of Staircase
• Two staircases are provided for the building;
– at the middle and right sides.
 due to the difference in storey height,
 Four at the middle and
 two at the right side are designed.
• The stairs are modelled as:

• a simple support when they end into a landing and
ribbed slabs.
• A continuous when they end into a solid slab.
Stair cont…
• The loading obtained from
• Load from steps(plastering, c.screed, marble and
concrete)
• From waist (concrete & plastering
• Live loads from EBCS
• For the landing
• Concrete
• Cement screed
• Plastering &
• marble
Analysis
•The stairs are

modelled as beams
according to their
support conditions.
•Reinforcement
details.dwg
LATERAL LOAD ANALYSIS
• The building is designed to resist lateral loads
coming from wind and earthquake.
• Since the probability of occurrence of both
wind and earthquake is very rare, the
maximum of the two is used for design.
Determination of center of mass
• As the resultant earthquake load passes
through the center of mass of each floor
• And the earthquake load is proportional to the
weight of each floor.
Determination of center of stiffness
• It is determined using the D- values of each

frame elements.
 It is determined from;
• stiffness of each frame members
• D-values of each members & finally
• Stiffness center for each floors.
Determination of base and story shear
 As the earthquake load varies at each floor level, the story shear is
determined at each floor.
(Fb)= Sd(T1)*W
Where,
Sd(T1) -is the ordinate of design spectrum at
period T1
T1 -is fundamental period of vibration
W- The seismic dead load.= W=GK+ΨQK
Where, GK is the characteristic dead load
QK is the characteristic live load Ψ the live load incident factor
Design of Members
1.Beam
The steps are;
Using moment and shear obtained from ETABS
– Check depth for flexure
– Check for T- section
– Check the section capacity for single reinforced or
double reinforced
Design for shear
Cont…
• Reinforcement details.dwg
Design of column
• Axial load and bending moments obtained
from ETABS results
• Determination of effective length (le)
• Determination of total eccentricity
• Determine the reinforcements from design
charts.
• Provide lateral reinforcement
Design of shear wall
• The wall is provided to enclose the lift shaft
• It is designed as a cantilever fixed at the
bottom.
Cont…
•The steps are :
• Determination of depth for flexure
• Calculation of area of reinforcement

As=bdρmax
Asmin≥0.004Ac
• Check for ρmax
• Design for shear
Vc=0.3fctd [1+50p]bh
Design of Foundation
• Generally to choose the type of foundation;
 the major factors are:
– function of the structure,
– the type of load it must carry,
– subsurface condition & cost.
Cont…
• The steps for the design of isolated footing
are;
– Obtain BM & AL results
– Area proportioning
– Depth determination from:
• Punching shear &
• Wide beam shear
– check depth for flexure
– Provide reinforcement
• Cont…
Provide
reinforcement
conclusion
• Final year project enable students to revise
what they have learnt in the class for the last
four years.
• It also helps the students to develop the habit
working in group and sharing idea.
• The procedures for building structure design
Limitation
• Time – the main constraint
• Lack of clear printed drawings
• Late assignment of advisers for each group
Recommendation
• Before the start of each project, a brief

orientation should be given to students on
how to proceed
• At least a semester should be given for the
project work only.
• Students should be made equipped with
softwares related to Civil Engineering works.
YO U
A N K
T H O U R
R Y
FO T I O N
T T E N
A

Presentation G1

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Presentation G1

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Presentation G1

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

WELCOME TO OUR

• To our advisors Dr. Krishina and Ato Tomas T. for

• To help students revise what they have learnt

• Structural planning is the first step of

– live loads from EBCS.

• →Taking moment ratio of 2.0, Mxs/Mxf=2.0

• Check depth for shear and moment

• The stairs are modelled as:

•The stairs are

• It is determined using the D- values of each

• Determination of depth for flexure

• Calculation of area of reinforcement

• Check for ρmax

• Design for shear

• Before the start of each project, a brief

You might also like