HINDUSTAN COLLEGE OF

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

A presentation based on
DESIGN OF MULTISTOREY TREE BUILDING
Submitted by:
• Mukesh Kr. Singh (1306400059)
Under the guidance of
• Abhishek Kr. Gond (1306400003)
• Dr. V.K. GUPTA • Abhishek Chaudhary (1306400002)
• Ankur Singh (1306400015)
• Bhupender Singh (1306400028)
 CONTENT
• Introduction
• Literature review
• Methodology
• Analysis
• Design
• Case study
• Result
 SCOPE
As we know that India is a developing country.
So there is a lot of scope of construction in India.
But due to lack of space in the cities we can not construct
too much buildings because the roads & parking must
also be provided in the city to control the traffic.
So our building mainly focuses on the minimization of the
use of ground & construct the building from some height
from surface.
The space below may be used for other purposes.
As a result of increasing population it may have also a good
scope in long term future plans.
 Introduction

• The purpose for taking in this project is to design a whole

building rest on single column looking like a tree and how the
different components are designed as per IS 456:2000 are
given below in detailed-
• Design of the Foundation
• Design of the Column
• Design of Beam
• Design of the Slab
• Design of staircase
• IS code used is IS456:1978 for designing of the staircase.
 
 History of project
• In India the implementation of this type of project is done by L&T
Constructions in Chennai.
• The building is named as ECC Administration building.
• This is an usually shaper five storey building that was completed in two
stages.
• The owner who also happened to be the contractor preferred use of
precast concrete to the maximum extent possible.
• Typical floor is a two way grid with precast concrete waffles and cast in-
situ concrete.
• The external façade including the mullions were in precast concrete.
• The five storey building is supported by pre-stressed hollow inverted
pyramid support.
• The first three storey's were completed & occupied in 1983.
• Additional two storey's were completed in 1990.
 Objective of the project
• The aim of the project is to analyze and design of multi-storey
building resting on the single column by using different code
provisions.
• Main focus is to obtain an architectural design of a regular
residential multistory building.
• Carrying out a complete analysis and design of the main structural
elements of a multi-storey building including slabs, columns, shear
walls and foundations.
• The design of column, wind resisting system, and type of
foundations will be determined taking into consideration the
architectural drawings.
• To learn the designing of column & beam using STAAD.Pro.
 LIMITATION
• In this project we study the number of floor which is favorable for
this tree building project ,
• Analyzing which we would be able to decide the exact limitation
about the number of storeys which it can withstand. 
• The soil structure below the earth surface near at the site should
be of high bearing capacity to bear the load coming upon the
footing. 
• Water table below surface should not be very near to the surface ,
which also reduces the soil bearing capacity because it may cause
immediate settlement of the footing with whole structure.
• The building would not sustain in the high seismic areas because it
may create high amplitude vibration which may cause failure of
building.
 METHODOLOGY
• Mat/Raft Foundation
• A foundation system in which essentially the entire
building is placed on a large continuous footing.
• Usually large concrete slab supporting many columns.
• Commonly used as foundation for silos, chimneys, large
machinery.
• It is a flat concrete slab, heavily reinforced with
steel, which carries the downward loads of the
individual columns or walls.
 Bearing capacity of the Foundation

 Bearing Capacity Analysis follows the same approach as

for spread footings

qult  cN c sc d c   zD N q sq d q  0.5 BN s d

 Factor of Safety (Das, 2004):
Under normal Dead loads = 3.0(Min)
Under extreme loads = 1.75-2.0(Min)

9
 Design of Foundation
1. Determine the capacity of the foundation
2. Determine the settlement of foundation
3. Determine the differential settlement
4. Determine the stress distribution beneath the
foundation
5. Design the structural component of the mat
foundation using the stress distribution
obtain from 4.
• Foundations are structural elements that transfer loads
from the building or individual column to the earth .If
these loads are to be properly transmitted, foundations
must be designed to prevent excessive settlement or
rotation, to minimize differential settlement and to
provide adequate safety against sliding and overturning.
• Footing shall be designed to sustain the applied loads,
moments and forces and the induced reactions and to
assure that any settlements which may occur will be as
nearly uniform as possible and the safe bearing capacity
of soil is not exceeded.
• Thickness at the edge of the footing: in reinforced and
plain concrete footing at the edge shall be not less than
150 mm for footing on the soil nor less than 300mm
above the tops of the pile for footing on piles.
• A footing is the bottom most part of the structure and last member to
transfer the load. In order to design footings we used STAAD.Pro
foundation software. These are the types of foundations the software can
deal:
•  
• Shallow (D<B)-
•  
• Isolated (Spread) Footing
• `
• Combined (Strip) Footing
• `
• Mat (Raft) Foundation
•  
• Deep (D>B)-
•  
• Pile Cap
•  
• Driller Pier
 Design of column
• After obtaining (i) Vertical load, (ii) Moments due
to horizontal loads on either axis & (iii) Moments
due to vertical loads on either axis, acting on each
column, at all floor levels of the building,
• Design of each column is carried out from the
top of foundation to the roof, varying the amount
of steel reinforcement for suitable groups for ease
in design. Slenderness effects in each storey are
also considered for each column group.
• Tied and helically bound are the two types of columns, when
they are short and subjected to axial loads. Out of several types
of plan forms, only rectangular and square cross-sections are
consider for the tied columns and circular cross-section for the
helically bound columns.
• Axially loaded columns also need to be designed keeping the
provision of resisting some moments which normally is the
situation in most of the practical columns. This is ensured by
checking the minimum eccentricity of loads applied on these
columns as stipulated in IS 456.
• Moreover, the design strengths of concrete and steel are further
reduced in the design of such columns. The governing equations
of the two types of columns and the equation for determining
the pitch of the helix in continuously tied column are derived
and explained. The design can be done by employing the derived
equation i.e., by direct computation or by using the chart.
A compression member, the effective length > three times
the least lateral dimension.
Short and Slender Compression Members
When both slenderness ratios lex/D and ley/b are <12
• Column is a short column

• If more than 12, then it is long or slender column.

• Slender Columns are designed for Additional Moments

as per Clause 39.7 of IS456

Effective height of column:-

• For effective column height refer table 28 (Annexure E)
of IS:456-2000.
 DESIGN OF STAIR CASE
• The purpose of a staircase is to provide pedestrian
access to the different levels within the building. The
geometrical forms of the staircase may be quite different
depending on the individual circumstances involved.
•  
• There are two main components of a staircase:
•  
• Stairs
• Landing Slab
• The stair and landing slab can arrange in different
forms to get different types of staircase. The shape
and structural arrangement of a staircase would
generally depend on two main factors: type of
construction of the structure around the staircase,
that is, load searing brick structure or reinforced
concrete frame structure and availability of space.

• Rise and going are the two term associated with a

stair. The term rise refers to the vertical height of a
step and going represents the horizontal dimension.
• Over the years several types of stair cases have
been developed with varying geometrical shapes
and structural behavior . The most common types
are classified as follows:

• a) Dog-legged stair case.

• b) Open well stair case.
• c) Tread-riser stair case.
• d) Isolated cantilever stair case.
 DESIGN THEORY OF SLAB
• A Reinforced Concrete Slab is the one of the most important
component in a building. It is a structural element of modern
buildings. Slabs are supported on Columns and Beams.
• RCC Slabs whose thickness ranges from 10 to 50 centimetres are
most often used for the construction of floors and ceilings.
• Thin concrete slabs are also used for exterior paving purpose.

• In many domestic and industrial buildings a thick concrete slab,

supported on foundations or directly on the sub soil, is used to
construct the ground floor of a building.
• In high rises buildings and skyscrapers, thinner,
pre-cast concrete slabs are slung between the
steel frames to form the floors and ceilings on
each level.
• While making structural drawings of the
reinforced concrete slab, the slabs are
abbreviated to “r.c.slab” or simply “r.c.”.
• Design of various types of slabs and their
reinforcement:-
• For a suspended slab, there are a number of
designs to improve the strength-to-weight ratio.
• In all cases the top surface remains flat, and the underside
is modulated:
• Corrugated, usually where the concrete is poured into a
corrugated steel tray. This improves strength and prevents
the slab bending under its own weight. The corrugations
run across the short dimension, from side to side.
• A ribbed slab, giving considerable extra strength on one
direction.
• A waffle slab, giving added strength in both directions.
• Reinforcement design
• A one way slab has structural strength in shortest direction.
• A two way slab has structural strength in two directions.
• These slabs could be cantilevered or simply supported
beams.
 DESIGN THEORY OF BEAM
• A beam is a structural element that primarily resists
loads applied laterally to the beam's axis. Its mode of
deflection is primarily by bending. The loads applied
to the beam result in reaction forces at the beam's
support points. The total effect of all the forces acting
on the beam is to produce shear forces and bending
moments within the beam, that in turn induce
internal stresses, strains and deflections of the beam.
• Beams are characterized by their manner of support,
profile (shape of cross-section), length, and their
material.
• Beams are traditionally descriptions of building or
civil engineering structural elements, but any
structures such as automotive automobile frames,
aircraft components, machine frames, and other
mechanical or structural systems contain beam
structures that are designed to carry lateral loads
are analyzed in a similar fashion.
• Classification based on supports:-
• Simply supported - a beam supported on the ends
which are free to rotate and have no moment
resistance.
• Fixed - a beam supported on both ends and
restrained from rotation.
• Over hanging - a simple beam extending beyond
its support on one end.
• Double overhanging - a simple beam with both
ends extending beyond its supports on both
ends.
• Continuous - a beam extending over more than
two supports.
• Cantilever - a projecting beam fixed only at one
end.
• Trussed - a beam strengthened by adding a cable
or rod to form a truss.
 RESULTS
• 1. In this project a multi-storey building resting on single
• column designed by using of STAAD PRO 2007.
• 2. Using of this software analysis of bending moment,
• shear force, deflections, end moments and foundation
• reactions are calculated.
• 3. Using this calculated Bending moment, shear force, and
• reactions the beams, columns and footings are designed.
• 4. By using the AUTO CAD[1] we can design the footing.
 CONCLUSION
• 1. We conclude our project with full satisfaction that we
• are designed the Multi-storey building resting on single column by
using of the AUTO CAD.
• 2. The limit state method of design is adopted. We had
• done the design aspects of the structure manually and
• 3. In our project we also used the code provision of the SP
• 16 and SP 34 (the design aids for concrete and detailing)
• 4. Finally we learn detailing of various structural members
• by using SP 34 design aids.
• 5. The knowledge gained from this project will help us to
• take up similar projects with courage and confidence in
• future course of actions software.
Thank You !