Global Economy
Global Economy
Global Economy
ECONOMY
THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD
Economy
• Process or system by which goods
and services are produced, sold,
and bought in a country or region
Global Economy
• Economies of countries are more connected
from extraction, production, distribution,
consumption and disposal of goods and services
• Refers to the increasing
Economic interdependence of world
Globalization economies as a result of the
growing scale of cross-border
A definition from the United Nations
trade of commodities and services,
flow of international capital and
wide and rapid spread of
technologies
TYPES OF
ECONOMIES
UNDER
ECONOMIC
G L O B A L I Z AT I O N
Protectionism
• A policy of systematic government intervention in foreign
trade with the objective of encouraging domestic
production. This encouragement involves giving
preferential treatment to domestic producers and
discriminating against foreign competitors
• Comes in the form of tariffs and quota
Trade Liberalization
• Free trade
3 Types of
Market Vertical Integration
Integration
Conglomeration
Horizontal Integration
is the acquisition, merger, or
expansion of a business that
increases the market share in its
existing industry.
Vertical Integration
• requires a company's direct
ownership of suppliers,
distributors, or retail locations
to obtain greater control of its
supply chain.
Conglomeration
• The process whereby a
firm expands by supplying
a range of different
products and, as such,
operates in a number of
markets rather than a
single market.
Preferential Agreement
Free Trade Areas
Forms
of Customs Union
Integration
Common Markets
Economic Union
PREFERENTIAL AGREEMENT
• A trade pact between countries that
reduces tariffs and other barriers
for certain products to the countries
who sign the agreement. While the
tariffs are not necessarily
eliminated, they are lower than
countries not party to the
agreement.
• A free-trade area is the region
encompassing a trade bloc
whose member countries have
signed a free trade agreement.
Such agreements involve
cooperation between at least two
countries to reduce trade
FREE barriers, import quotas and
TRADE tariffs, and to increase trade of
AREAS goods and services with each
other.
CUSTOMS UNION
• groups of countries that apply one
common system of procedures,
rules and tariffs for all or almost
all their imports, exports and
transiting goods.
• , countries participating in
customs unions share common
trade and competition policies.
COMMON MARKETS
• an agreement between two or more
countries removing all trade barriers
between themselves, establishing
common tariff and non-tariff barriers
for importers, and also allowing for
the free movement of labour, capital
and services between themselves.
ECONOMIC UNION
• an agreement between two or
more nations to allow goods,
services, money and workers to
move over borders freely.
1. Primary
2. Secondary
3 Sectors of
Economic System
3. tertiary
Primary Sector
• The primary sector
includes all those
activities the end
purpose of which
consists in exploiting
natural resources:
e.g: Agriculture,Fishing, Forestry, Mining
Secondary Sector
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