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Differentiation

November 19, 2020


Beginning Teacher Professional Development
Image Credit: TeachThought.com
Image Credit: Utah Education Network
Differentiation refers to a wide variety of teaching techniques and lesson adaptations
that educators use to instruct a diverse group of students, with diverse learning needs,
in the same course, classroom, or learning environment.

Also called “differentiated instruction”, differentiation typically entails modifications to:

practice (how teachers deliver instruction to students),


process (how the lesson is designed for students),
products (the kinds of work products students will be asked to complete),
content (the specific readings, research, or materials students will study),
assessment (how teachers measure what students have learned), and
grouping (how students are arranged in the classroom or paired up with other students).
Practice
how teachers deliver instruction to students

In order to differentiate instruction using data, educators should:

● Adjust whole-group instruction to meet the broad needs of the entire


class.
● Strategically group learners to differentiate instruction based on
shared needs.
● Create individual learning pathways to support the unique needs
Process
how the lesson is designed for students

● Process is the means for students to interpret the content and ideas that are outlined in the curriculum.

● Each student needs time to think about new material and make sense of it. It is important to
ensure that the activities is meaningful and is promoting new learning at an appropriate level for the
students.

● This means it should match a student’s readiness level.

● It’s also a formative assessment opportunity for teachers to monitor students’ progress .
ASSESSMENT
*how teachers measure what students have learned*

DIFFERENTIATED ASSESSMENT is the way in which teachers modify & match their assessments with their
individual students’ needs to enhance their learning and boost their ability to show what they have learned.

Teachers use differentiated assessment to match & respond to the varying learning needs of the diverse students in their
classroom - which helps them to successfully demonstrate their competencies in particular ways that are fitting & effective for
them.

Designing various assessments appropriate for specific groups of learners provides more opportunities for students to effectively
demonstrate what they have learned and guides teachers on how they can differentiate, modify and improve instruction moving
forward.
Ways to DIFFERENTIATE ASSESSMENTS for

ALL TYPES OF LEARNERS:

● Design tiered activities


● Scaffold information for struggling learners
● Challenge advanced learners with more mind-stimulating activities
● Adjust your questioning
● Pre-Assess before teaching new material
● Assign flexible groups for more collaboration
● Give flexible assignments & tasks based on students’ learning styles
● Utilize learning contracts
● Let students role play
● Facilitate quality project based learning (PBL)
● Allow for oral, visual or written presentations
● Have students summarize & reflect
● Use lists, charts & graphic organizers
● Allow children to be creative - comic books, raps, songs & dances

adapted from a list by Burrus, Messer & Dodge


GROUPING
*how students are arranged in the classroom or paired up with other students*

FLEXIBLE GROUPING
is at the heart of differentiated instruction. It
provides opportunities for students to be part of
many different groups based on their readiness,
interest, or learning style. These groups may be “In a differentiated
homogenous or heterogenous. They may be classroom, flexible grouping
student-selected or teacher-selected. Group
is a nonnegotiable.”
assignments may be purposeful or random.
Groups may work together for a day or a ~ Tomlinson & Sousa
month. Flexible grouping can also provides
opportunities for independent work.
FLEXIBLE GROUPIN
G
Benefits: Pointers:
● Increases Social Skils ● Make sure that students have opportunities to be part of
● Increases Confidence
● Provides Experience Working with People of Diverse Backgrounds and with homogenous and heterogenous groups equally
Different Abilities & Different Real-Life Experiences ● Provide for both teacher-selected & student-selected groups
● Promotes On-Task Behaviors & Attention
● Alternate purposeful assignment to groups with random assignment
● Teaches Personal & Social Responsibility
● Develops Collaborative Skills to groups
● Creates a Sense of Classroom Community ● Instruct students how to work collaboratively & cooperatively
Credit: Tracy L. Kaufman, 2008, Flexible Grouping PowerPoint Presentation
● Meet with each group each time they are together & allocate the
amount of time spent with each group based on their needs
● Establish behavior guidelines for group work
● Clearly communicate expectations about the quality of student work
● Create tasks that students can manage independently after you give
Planning: directions
● When does grouping benefit students?
● Develop a system for students to get assistance while you’re working
● When does grouping facilitate instruction? with other groups
● Which activities lend themselves to group work? ● Make decisions about grading – will it be individual, group, or a
● How do you determine group membership?
combination?
Credit: Berks IU, rtsd.org

Credit: Chrystyna Mursky, Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction


Additional Resources
Advanced Learning & Gifted Education
CCS
https://www.cravenk12.org/Page/1719

NCDPI
https://www.dpi.nc.gov/students-families/enhanced-opportunities/advanced-learning-and-gifted-education

English as a Second Language


CCS
https://www.cravenk12.org/Domain/4029

NCDPI
https://sites.google.com/dpi.nc.gov/ncels/home

Exceptional Children
CCS
https://www.cravenk12.org/Page/1576

NCDPI
https://ec.ncpublicschools.gov/
Additional Resources

The Ultimate List of Differentiation Strategies

50 Strategies for Differentiated Instruction

25 Strategies to Engage Students on Your Next Zoom Meeting


https://hookedoninnovation.com/2020/05/13/25-strategies-to-engage-zoom/

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