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    Living in A Clean Environment and Building Immunity Help Keep A Person Healthy

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    The document discusses various technologies used to control pathogens and build immunity, including cleaning supplies, medicines like antibiotics and antiseptics, and vaccines. It explains that overuse of antibiotics can cause bacteria to become resistant to them. Vaccines artificially produce immunity by containing weakened pathogens that trigger an immune response and create memory B cells, so the body is prepared if exposed to the real pathogen. There are four main types of vaccines. The document also has questions to check understanding of when antibiotics may not be useful and how the immune system responds to a pathogen it was vaccinated against.

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    Living in A Clean Environment and Building Immunity Help Keep A Person Healthy

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    One Who Cares Most
    48 views18 pages
    The document discusses various technologies used to control pathogens and build immunity, including cleaning supplies, medicines like antibiotics and antiseptics, and vaccines. It explains that overuse of antibiotics can cause bacteria to become resistant to them. Vaccines artificially produce immunity by containing weakened pathogens that trigger an immune response and create memory B cells, so the body is prepared if exposed to the real pathogen. There are four main types of vaccines. The document also has questions to check understanding of when antibiotics may not be useful and how the immune system responds to a pathogen it was vaccinated against.

    Original Title

    Immunity and Technology 31.4

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    The document discusses various technologies used to control pathogens and build immunity, including cleaning supplies, medicines like antibiotics and antiseptics, and vaccines. It explains that overuse of antibiotics can cause bacteria to become resistant to them. Vaccines artificially produce immunity by containing weakened pathogens that trigger an immune response and create memory B cells, so the body is prepared if exposed to the real pathogen. There are four main types of vaccines. The document also has questions to check understanding of when antibiotics may not be useful and how the immune system responds to a pathogen it was vaccinated against.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    48 views18 pages

    Living in A Clean Environment and Building Immunity Help Keep A Person Healthy

    Uploaded by

    One Who Cares Most
    The document discusses various technologies used to control pathogens and build immunity, including cleaning supplies, medicines like antibiotics and antiseptics, and vaccines. It explains that overuse of antibiotics can cause bacteria to become resistant to them. Vaccines artificially produce immunity by containing weakened pathogens that trigger an immune response and create memory B cells, so the body is prepared if exposed to the real pathogen. There are four main types of vaccines. The document also has questions to check understanding of when antibiotics may not be useful and how the immune system responds to a pathogen it was vaccinated against.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 18

    31.

    4 Immunity and Technology


    KEY CONCEPT
    Living in a clean environment and building immunity
    help keep a person healthy.
    31.4 Immunity and Technology

    • Grade 11 Lesson : 31.4 Immunity and Technology


    • Activity name : Describe that many methods are used to
    control pathogens.
    • Learning Objective: - Identify methods used to control
    pathogens.
    - Explain how vaccines artificially produce acquired immunity.
    • School :MRISG
    • Date : 28/10/2020
    • Vocabulary : Antiseptic , Antibiotic resistance , Vaccine
    • Skills developed : Understanding that living in a clean
    environment and building immunity help keep a person
    healthy.
    • Performance indicators: Formative Assessment
    31.4 Immunity and Technology

    • How can I control infection at home ?


    31.4 Immunity and Technology

    • scientists have developed many different ways to control the


    spread of disease.
    - Cleaning supplies
    - medicines
    - vaccines
    are technologies that help to prevent against sickness or
    treat people who are already sick.
    31.4 Immunity and Technology
    31.4 Immunity and Technology
    31.4 Immunity and Technology
    31.4 Immunity and Technology
    31.4 Immunity and Technology

    • Antibiotic resistance can cause medicines to become


    ineffective.
    – Some bacteria in a population have genes that make
    them immune to antibiotics.
    – These bacteria spread the gene, making the antibiotics
    useless.
    A bacterium carries
    genes for antibiotic
    resistance on a plasmid.

    A copy of the plasmid is transferred


    through conjugation.

    Resistance is quickly
    spread through
    many bacteria.
    31.4 Immunity and Technology
    31.4 Immunity and Technology
    31.4 Immunity and Technology
    Vaccines artificially produce acquired immunity.
    • Vaccines also control pathogens and disease.
    – given to prevent illness
    – contain the antigen of a weakened pathogen
    31.4 Immunity and Technology

    Vaccines
    31.4 Immunity and Technology

    • Vaccination provides immunity.

    Antigens in a vaccine
    1 trigger an immune response, and
    memory B cells are made.
    memory B cells

    2 A memory B cell is
    stimulated when the real pathogen
    binds to it.

    The B cell quickly activates and


    3 makes antibodies that fight the
    pathogens before you get sick.
    31.4 Immunity and Technology

    There are four main types of vaccines.


    1- Some vaccines contain whole dead bacteria or viruses.

    2- Live attenuated vaccines contain weak living


    pathogens.

    3- Component vaccines use only the parts of the


    pathogen that contain the antigen.

    4- Toxoid vaccines are made from inactivated bacterial


    toxins, which are chemicals a bacterium produces that
    causes a person to become ill.
    31.4 Immunity and Technology
    • . Complete the Concept Map about different technologies that have
    been developed to destroy pathogens
    Technology to fight pathogens

    types

    antiseptics antibiotics
    kill pathogens
    found
    kill pathogens
    found kill
    5. _________ the pathogens
    body by overuse
    can
    1. ____________ examples cause
    the body
    6. preventing them
    from _________ or
    _________

    2. 4.
    7.

    3.
    31.4 Immunity and Technology

    Formative Assessment
    1. Under what circumstances might antibiotics not be
    useful in treating a disease caused by a pathogen?

    2. How does the immune system respond to a pathogen


    that the person has been vaccinated against?
    31.4 Immunity and Technology

    Answers
    1- Antibiotics are ineffective against viruses and bacteria
    that have become resistant to some antibiotics.

    2- Vaccines cause the immune system to produce memory


    B cells for specific pathogens. If the specific pathogen
    enters the body after the vaccine, the memory B cells make
    antibodies right away and the person will not get sick.

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