Properties of Well-Written Texts

AFTER GOING THROUGH THIS MODULE, YOU ARE EXPECTED
TO:
 identify properties of a well-

written text;
 evaluate written text based on the
identified properties; and

 write a well-written text.
Activity 1. Memory Recall
Directions: Provide the graphic organizer below with your ideas
about written text. Copy the graphic organizer in a separate sheet
of paper and write your answers.
PROPERTIES OF
A WELL-
WRITTEN TEXT
 In academic terms, a text is defined as written
material or piece of writing such as an article,
essay, book, magazine, or newspaper.
 For a paragraph or any composition to be

effective, it must always consider the
properties of a well- written text which
includes organization, cohesion and
coherence, language use, and mechanics.
Organization
Is an arrangement that refers to the

structural framework for writing. A text
is considered organized when ideas are
accurately and logically arranged with a
focus on the arrangements of ideas,
incidents, evidence, or details in a
definite order.
 The logical progression and completeness of ideas
in a text is an organization. This property makes a
text readable and its message clear.
 Organization can be achieved through the

following techniques: text structure, signal words,
and physical format.
Text structure refers to the framework of a text’s
beginning, middle, and end.
Signal words are textual cues that readers use to follow a text. They
can ―signal the transition from one point to another , the ordering
of events and concepts, or the writer’s chosen text type.
Format is observed in how the text physically
appears like headings and subheadings, bullet
points, or font emphasis.
Coherence and Cohesion
When ideas are organized well, a text can
achieve coherence and cohesion. Both
should be present to make your text easier
for your readers to follow and understand.
Coherence and Cohesion
Coherence Cohesion
refers to the overall is the connection of
sense of unity in a ideas both at the
text. sentence level and at
the paragraph level .
 To achieve coherence and cohesion, one
technique is to use signal devices which that
hint readers on how the points in your
paragraph are a progression. This can be
shown in the paragraphs using transitions,
repetitions, synonyms, pronouns, and
parallel structures.
1. Transitions refer to words that connect one idea
to another, making the writer’s ideas flow smoothly.
Repetitions include a word, a phrase, or a full sentence repeated
to highlight its importance in the entire text. The repetition of the
main ideas keeps continuity and helps the readers remain focused
and headed in the right direction.
Examples:
1. The president said, “Work, work, and work,” are
the keys to success.
2. If you think you can make it, you can make it.
3. Most students are intimated by the works of
William Shakespeare. They believe Shakespeare’s
sonnets and plays are far too complicated to read and
understand.
3. Synonyms are words similar in meaning to important
words or phrases. This technique is used if direct
repetition is too obvious.
Example:
Teenagers face an enormous amount of peer pressure

from friends. Hence, many young adults are showing
signs of great stress or depression at an early age.
4. Pronouns are used to connect sentences by referring to
preceding nouns and pronouns. They can also help create
paragraphs readable by removing wordiness and unnecessary
repetition.
Examples:
1. Rodrigo R. Duterte is the 16th President of the Republic of

the Philippines. Moreover, he also served as Davao City’s
Mayor for a long period of time. He is also known by many as a
strong leader.
2. Mrs. Gomez approved to have a meeting with the workers’

union before she signed the contract. She was willing to hear
their concerns about the newly proposed amendments in the
company.
5. Parallel Structures include the use of matching words, phrases,
clauses, or sentence structures to express similar ideas. It allows
the reader to understand the connections between ideas and to flow
smoothly from one idea, sentence, or paragraph to the next.
Example:
In the conference hall, the students attended a

lecture where the speaker demonstrated how to
properly wear a PPE. They also participated in a
lecture where their school nurse explained how to
keep one’s health protected from COVID-19.
Language Use
It refers to the appropriateness of word/vocabulary
usage. Proper language use enables you, the writer,
to capture the message that you want to give to
your readers. Language use is one of the strongest
indicators of a well-written text because it leads
writers to effectively communicate ideas without
confusing the reader.
Concrete and Specific Language Concrete language
involves tangible qualities/characteristics and things we
know through our senses. Specific language designates
particular items or individuals cases.
Concise Language- It involves using the most appropriate terms to
get one’s point across. Concise language means using a minimal
amount of effective terms to convey one’s argument. To make the
sentence more succinct, writers must avoid unnecessary words in
their sentences.
Familiar Language- refers to words/ terms that the reader easily
recognizes and understands because they use them regularly. The
message has a greater effect when using vocabulary that is
familiar to the reader.
Precise Language- Through the use of precise language,
vocabulary of specific nouns ,and vivid verbs, you can construct
clear mental images and avoid wordiness. Moreover, the use of
concise language, using the fewest possible words without
sacrificing meaning, makes your writing more understandable.
Constructive Language The use of constructive language
expresses a potentially negative in a positive way, while
destructive language leads the reader to blame and criticism,
causing defensiveness.
Formality of Language The formality of the language
used should conform to the formality of the situation and
the relationship between the writer and the reader.
Consider the following examples.
Mechanics
These are conventions that have to be
considered in writing. Spelling,
punctuation, and capitalization are some of
the examples. To prevent confusion, it is
necessary to know and follow these
conventions in writing.
1. Spelling- When you write, always make sure that you are
consistently using one standard regarding the spelling of your
words. Remember that there are slight differences in American
English spelling and British English spelling.
2. Punctuation- It is the act of using a system of
symbols used to provide structure to and organize a
text, such as a comma, period,quotation marks,
question marks, etc. The use of punctuation directs the
reader to interpret the text.
3. Capitalization Capitalization, like punctuation,

helps express details. Any sentence’s first word is
capitalized, signaling that a new sentence has started.
To signify uniqueness, proper nouns are capitalized.

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AFTER GOING THROUGH THIS MODULE, YOU ARE EXPECTED

 identify properties of a well-

identified properties; and

 For a paragraph or any composition to be

Is an arrangement that refers to the

 Organization can be achieved through the

Teenagers face an enormous amount of peer pressure

1. Rodrigo R. Duterte is the 16th President of the Republic of

2. Mrs. Gomez approved to have a meeting with the workers’

In the conference hall, the students attended a

3. Capitalization Capitalization, like punctuation,

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