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    Anesthetics: - These Are The Drugs Which Causes - My Be Local or General Anesthesia

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    Kashis Sharma
    The document discusses different types of anesthetics. General anesthetics cause reversible loss of consciousness and sensation, acting through stages of analgesia, delirium, and medullary depression. Local anesthetics cause reversible loss of sensation in a restricted area through blocking nerve impulse generation and conduction. Various techniques of local anesthesia are discussed, including infiltration, field block, nerve block, spinal, and epidural administration. The addition of vasoconstrictors to local anesthetics prolongs their duration of action but can increase blood pressure and cause tissue injury.

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    Anesthetics: - These Are The Drugs Which Causes - My Be Local or General Anesthesia

    Uploaded by

    Kashis Sharma
    49 views26 pages
    The document discusses different types of anesthetics. General anesthetics cause reversible loss of consciousness and sensation, acting through stages of analgesia, delirium, and medullary depression. Local anesthetics cause reversible loss of sensation in a restricted area through blocking nerve impulse generation and conduction. Various techniques of local anesthesia are discussed, including infiltration, field block, nerve block, spinal, and epidural administration. The addition of vasoconstrictors to local anesthetics prolongs their duration of action but can increase blood pressure and cause tissue injury.

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    Nursing

    Original Title

    22.GA & LA

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    The document discusses different types of anesthetics. General anesthetics cause reversible loss of consciousness and sensation, acting through stages of analgesia, delirium, and medullary depression. Local anesthetics cause reversible loss of sensation in a restricted area through blocking nerve impulse generation and conduction. Various techniques of local anesthesia are discussed, including infiltration, field block, nerve block, spinal, and epidural administration. The addition of vasoconstrictors to local anesthetics prolongs their duration of action but can increase blood pressure and cause tissue injury.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    49 views26 pages

    Anesthetics: - These Are The Drugs Which Causes - My Be Local or General Anesthesia

    Uploaded by

    Kashis Sharma
    The document discusses different types of anesthetics. General anesthetics cause reversible loss of consciousness and sensation, acting through stages of analgesia, delirium, and medullary depression. Local anesthetics cause reversible loss of sensation in a restricted area through blocking nerve impulse generation and conduction. Various techniques of local anesthesia are discussed, including infiltration, field block, nerve block, spinal, and epidural administration. The addition of vasoconstrictors to local anesthetics prolongs their duration of action but can increase blood pressure and cause tissue injury.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 26

    Anesthetics

    • These are the drugs which causes reversible loss of


    sensory perception, specially pain. k/n anesthesia
    • my be local or general anesthesia.
    What are General Anesthetics?

     A drug that brings about a reversible loss of


    consciousness & all sensation.
     Analgesia & amnesia
     Loss of con..
     Loss of sen..
     Loss of reflex
    General Anesthesia

    Stages of Anesthesia
     Stage I
     Analgesia
     Stage II
     Delirium
     Stage III
     Surgical anesthesia
     Stage IV
     Medullary depression
    Mechanism

     The main site of action of anesthesia is reticular


    formation, which is maintains a consciousness.
     Increase the activity of inhibitory transmitters.
     Blocking the activity of excitatory transmitters
    Local Anesthetics
    Local Anesthetics

     Local anesthesia cause reversible loss of


    sensory perception in a restricted area of the
    body upon local injection or topical
    application.
     LA block the generation and conduction of
    impulse.
    Therapeutic Uses & Techniques

    1. Surface Anesthesia
    • Anesthesia of skin, mucous
    membranes of nose, mouth, throat,
    tracheo-bronchial tree, esophagus &
    genitourinary tract
    • Peak anesthetic effect occurs in 2-5
    min & lasts for 30-45 min.
    • eg.cocaine, lignocaine,
    benzocaine,tetracaine
    2.Infiltration Anesthesia

     It is the injection of LA
    directly into tissue.
     Used in minor surgery.
     With adrenaline
     E.g.- procaine, lignocaine,
    3.Field Block Anesthesia

     It is the subcutaneous
    injection of a solution of
    LA in order to anesthetize
    the region distal to the
    injection.
     The advantage of field block
    anesthesia is the
    requirement of less LA.
     Eg. L.P.B
    4.Nerve Block Anesthesia

     Injection of LA into or about


    individual peripheral nerves or
    nerve plexuses produces
    extensive area of anesthesia.
     E.g. Brachial plexus block,
    Intercostal nerve blocks, Cervical
    plexus block.
    6.Spinal Anesthesia

     It is the injection of LA in the


    subarachnoid space in b/w the L2-3
    or L3-4 vertebrae. i.e., below the
    lower end of spinal cord.
     Used for Lower abdomen & hind
    limbs are anesthetized
     Eg . L,T,B
    7.Epidural Anesthesia

     can be placed into the


    epidural space for
    continuous infusion of
    LA.
     E.g. lignocaine used in
    pregancy
     ADDITION OF VASOCONSTRICTOR TO LA

     Advantages
    1. Prolongation of action of LA.
    2. Reduction in toxicity of LA.
    3. Provides a more bloodless surgical field.
     Disadvantages
    1. Painful.
    2. ↑se in BP & arrythmias in susceptible individuals.
    3. Interference with healing along with local tissue
    injury.

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