Mobile and Cloud Computing: COSC7388 Spring 2011 Dr. Rong Zheng

Mobile and Cloud Computing
COSC7388 Spring 2011

Dr. Rong Zheng
Top 10 Strategic Technology in 2011*
2010 2011
1. Cloud computing 1. Cloud computing
2. Advanced analytics 2. Mobile applications & media
3. Client computing tablets
4. IT for green 3. Next generation analytics
5. Reshaping the data center 4. Social analytics
6. Social computing 5. Social communication and
7. Security – activity monitoring collaboration
8. Flash memory 6. Video
9. Virtualization for availability 7. Context-aware computing
10.Mobile applications 8. Ubiquitous computing
9. Storage class memory
10. Fabric-based infrastructure and
computers
*http://www.gartner.com/it/page.jsp?id=1454221
What is Cloud Computing
• Utility computing
– Applications delivered as services over
the Internet and
– Hardware and systems software in the
datacenters that provide those services.
• What is unique
– Illusion of infinite computing resources
available on demand
– Elimination of an up-front commitment
by Cloud users Saas: Software as a Service
– Ability to pay for use of computing
resources on a short-term basis as
needed
Mobile Computing
• Bob Metcalfe, 1995
– “Mobile wireless computers are like mobile pipeless bathrooms –
portapotties. They will be common on vehicles, and at construction
sites, and rock concerts. My advice is to wire up your home and stay
there.”
• Mobile computing is a form of human-computer interaction
where a computer is expected to be transported during
normal usage
– Mobile (wireless) communication
– Mobile hardware: wearable computers, smart phones, PDAs, mobile
laptops
– Mobile software: system and application  emphasis of the class
Pervasive/ubiquitous Computing
• Different from mobile computing (see Mark Weiser’s
pioneer paper)
• To make “computer” disappear
– Embedded technologies: sensors and actuators
– HCI
Why Mobile & Cloud?
Mobiles Clouds
• Ubiquitous and distributed • Centralized
• Portability of physical • Portability of software
devices • “infinite” storage
• Limited storage • “infinite” computation
• Limited computation power power
• Limited bandwidth • Context agnostic
• Context aware
Why Mobile & Cloud?
• Narrow view: mobiles as a
portal to cloud
– All computing done inside the
cloud Cloud
• Broader view: integration of
mobiles and the cloud
– Contextual information from
mobiles
– Enhancing mobile experience Mobiles
by cloud
– Mobile cloud
Scope of the Course
• Primarily focus on system and applications of mobile
and cloud computing
– You are expected to be familiar with OS, computer
networks, wireless technologies
– Programming is the means not the goal
• System side
– Cloud platforms, services and resource management
– Abstraction for mobile computing
– Security and privacy
• Application side
– Mobile apps
Logistics
• Lectures, guest lectures, project proposal/status update/final
presentations
• 20+ papers
– Sign up for presentation today
– Paper critiques required from everyone BEFORE class
– Presentation slides ready 2 days ahead for feedbacks
– Bonus for extra presentations
• Survey report
• Semester long projects
– <= 3 students per group
– Platform of your choice
– Final report
Paper Critiques
Three paragraphs:
• What problems does the paper address?
– Are they important?
– What has been done so far?
• How are the problems addressed?
– Solution techniques (theory, algorithms, implementation …)
– Effectiveness of the solution
• Your assessment
– Is the solution valid/effective?
– Does the proposed approach solve the problem?
– Is the evaluation thorough?
– Better solution? Extension of the work?
Microsoft Hawaii
• Microsoft research initiative on the creation of a set of cloud-
enabled mobile applications and associated support services
– Many institutional participants
• Forms of support
– Phones (5 Samsung fusion phones, Mobile 7)
– Azure and other cloud services (cloud storage, computing,
Rendezvous, OCR, Relay, speech to text)
– Online forum
– Hawaii best project award
• Huy Nguyen will help with Hawaii related issues encountered
http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/um/redmond/projects/hawaii/
Introduction to Mobile Computing
Objectives:
1) the basic conception of mobile computing;
2) a quick overview of wireless technologies
Readings:
1. Satyanarayanan, M., Fundamental challenges in mobile computing, PODC '96:
Proceedings of the fifteenth annual ACM symposium on Principles of distributed
computing, pp. 1--7, ACM, New York, NY, USA, 1996
2. Mark Weiser, Some computer science issues in ubiquitous computing. Commun.
ACM 36, 7 (July 1993), 75-84
Applications
• Vehicles
• Nomadic user
• Smart mobile phone
• Invisible computing
• Wearable computing
• Intelligent house or office
• Meeting room/conference
• Taxi/Police/Fire squad fleet
• Service worker
• Lonely wolf
• Disaster relief and Disaster alarm
• Games
• Military / Security
Vehicles
Smart mobile phone
• Voice calls, video calls
• Social networking
• Email or instant messaging
• Play games
• Up-to-date localized information
– Map
– Pull: Find the next Pizzeria
– Push: “Hey, we have great Pizza!”
• Stock/weather/sports info
• Ticketing
• Trade stock
• etc.
Object Tracking
• Book, pallet, packet, airline baggage,
container, truck tracking
• Identification badges for building/car
access control or animal identfication
• Electronic toll collection
• Electronic cash in smart cards or credit
cards
• Prisoner tracking
• Store checkout as cashier replacement
Disaster Relief
• After earthquake, tsunami, volcano, etc:
• You cannot rely on infrastructure but you need to
orchestrate disaster relief
• Early transmission of patient data to hospital
• Satellite
• Ad-Hoc network
Drivers of Mobile Computing
• Ubiquitous connectivity (infrastructure or ad hoc)
• Reduced cost of storage, access, computing
• Location services (GPS, cellular, WiFi, …)
• Display technologies
• Sensing technologies (MEMS)
Cost of Storage
Wireless Bandwidth
Cost of Bits
Growth of Mobile subscribers
Battery Technologies 
• No Moore’s law for batteries or solar cells
• CPU: power consumption ~ CV2f
– C: total capacitance, reduced by integration
– V: supply voltage, can be reduced to a certain limit
– f: clock frequency, can be reduced temporally
Limitation of Mobile Computing (a 96
view)
• Mobile elements are resource-poor relative to static
elements
• Mobility is inherently hazardous
• Mobile connectivity is highly variable in performance
and variability
• Mobile elements rely on a finite energy source
• Bit/Hz cost for mobile data remains to be high

Tension between Autonomy and
Interdependence
• Resource pool devices; safety hazard  needs of
server (cloud) supports
• Variability of connectivity  needs for local storage
and computation
Challenges in Mobile Computing (a
96’s view)
• Caching metrics
• Consistency
• Resource revocation
• Agility vs stability
• Global estimation from local observations
Challenges in Mobile Computing
(Today’s View)
All above but more,
• Energy management
• Privacy and security
• Platform diversity (for development)

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• Bit/Hz cost for mobile data remains to be high

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