2.

5 Feasibility studies
Chapter 2.0 Architectural Programming
Final Topic 2
Feasibility Studies
 A feasibility study is an assessment of the practicality of a proposed plan,
project or system.
 It analysises that takes all of a project's relevant factors into account-including
economic, technical, legal, organization, management and scheduling
considerations—to ascertain the likelihood of completing the project successfully
 Objectively and rationally uncover the strengths and weaknesses of an existing
business or proposed venture, opportunities and threats present in the natural
environment, the resources required to carry through, and ultimately the
prospects for success.
  In its simplest terms, the two criteria to judge feasibility are cost required
and value to be attained.
ARCHITECTURAL FEASIBILITY STUDIES
 An architectural feasibility study investigates and evaluates the potential of a
project site or building. It clearly sets out a brief history of the site, its overall
condition and significance, as well as the constraints and opportunities.
TYPES OF Feasibility Studies
1. Technical feasibility
 The assessment of the technical requirements of a project to find out what technical
aspect a project requires. Technical feasibility is not complete unless technical
assessment is done, technical capabilities carry out the implementation of the project
to completion within the required time.
2. Operational feasibility
 Operational feasibility tackles the implementation of a project with the current
organizational business structure. The solutions to a current problem must come as
close as possible to a perfect fit with the organizational structure and be able to be
applied to solve other arising problems.
3. Economic feasibility
 The study project how long it would take for the project to reach break-even point to a
cost benefit analysis. Every project incurs a cost and it is prudent for financial planning
purposes to know exactly when to expect returns, anticipating capital outlay to
complete the project. This is limited to for-profit projects only as they require a
financial cost.
TYPES OF Feasibility Studies
4. Legal feasibility
 This is an assessment of whether the project meets the legal requirements that
exist for implementation and encompasses the ethical aspects of a project. An
example is whether a new building meets the requirements of the law, whether
the location was suitably chosen and construction is approved by the authorities.
5. Financial feasibility
 This is related to economic feasibility but is different. It undertakes project
financing secured by the project management, brings financial credit-worthy,
availability of loans, and investment ventures of the project.
 Economic feasibility differs with financial feasibility that the later is concerned
with financing aspect of the project only and not its economic implications.
6. Managerial/Management feasibility
 It establishes the kind of project management structure to ensure completion
meet the design within the specified time. It assesses human capital input in the
implementation of a project.
TYPES OF Feasibility Studies
7. Organizational feasibility
 Describe the legal and corporate structure of the business or project that
includes description of organization’s business structure, internal and
external principles of the business, professional skills and resources resumes.
8. Market feasibility
 It is concerned with gaining the in depth knowledge and doing a deep analysis
of real estate market and knowing how the market is going to respond
towards particular project/product. It identify market competition, potential
markets, and market analysis to assess a business idea
9. Environmental feasibility 
 A study that assesses the viability of a proposed development from
an environmental and social perspective, identifying potential issues and
threats to the successful completion of the proposed development.
TYPES OF Feasibility Studies
10. Political feasibility
 Describes its social and political implications, project may gain widespread
support from the government or its opposition. Anticipated challenges, or the
government against it because of its political standing. This makes political
feasibility an important factor especially for large projects.
11. Social feasibility
 A project environment should be evaluated to find out whether the current social
structures make it possible to implement the project with ease or whether
certain accommodations and concessions are necessary before moving forward
with the project.
12. Cultural Feasibility
 Defined as one that investigates scientific as well as ethical, behavioral, and
social issues in the design of clinical trials. Its studies use ethnographic methods
to explore ethical, behavioral, and social issues inherent in the design of
proposed clinical trials.
2.5.1 Technical Feasibility Studies
2.5.1.1. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION:
A. 5-storey Parking Garage
 The project will be designed considering all the elements required for a parking
garage
 The contemporary building materials and techniques such as reinforced concrete,
post-tensioning system, steel, glass, aluminum, etc. will be extensively utilized and
major design factors for earthquake consideration shall be incorporated
 Foundation system shall be of Matt or Raft considering the soil classification in the
area and its load bearing capacity since the structure is a 5-storey level.
 Ecofriendly and bio-diverse elements will be introduced in every conceivable areas for
self-sufficiency in the fields of energy utilization and conversations
 All these elements shall be infused subtly into the various area design keeping in mind
the ultimate aims as to maintain the local architectural ethos in its splendor. This will
be carried out by the overall cladding systems
 The exterior landscaping shall be designed to enable the structures in incorporate
within an ambience of the beautiful surroundings, as they exist
2.5.1 Technical Feasibility Studies
B. 1-storey Admin.-Commercial Building
 The building shall be designed combination of the administration and rentable
commercial spaces
 Constructed in reinforced concrete, glass and steel combination
 Administration building occupies 30% and 70% for the rentable commercial
spaces of the total building footprints
 Minimum rentable area = 36.50 sq. meters
2.5.1.2. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION:
 Total Construction Area (Built-up Area) = 404,445.20 sq.m.
 Total Parking Area/slots = 24,450.00 sq.m./ 859 slots
 Area of Rentable spaces = 566.50 sq.m.
 Available Land Area = 34.56 sq. m.
 Open space Percentage = 20% ( meet the requirement)
2.5.1 Technical Feasibility Studies
2.5.1.3 PROJECT DEVELOPMENT:
 a. Design
 – describe how the design services commissioned to the architect, the method of compensation, the scope of
work of the architect, if services included in the construction and post construction services of the project.
Include other professionals (consultants, engineers, etc.)who will participate in the design services- their works,
and compensations
 b. Contract
 - Describe to what kind or type of contract operation to be made for the construction such as selection of
contractor, sub-contractor, special trade contractor, bidding, and awarding of project (check different type of
construction contracts if the project is no a bidding competition.
 c. Organization
 - Organizational chart for the composition of the different personalities (engineers, architect, project
supervisors, consultants, contractors, sub-contractors, laborers, etc.) who are part in the construction, including
their respective work job descriptions and compensations, line of authorities and functions (provide an
organizational chart of the entire construction team)
 d. Construction Schedule (PERT-CPM )
 - showing a detailed system and diagram of construction flow of different activities, events, timeframe, critical
path and to come up for a computed number of days for the construction
 e. Project Financing
 - how the project being financed, discussion of different sources of fund for the construction of the project or
method financial scheme in the development of the project
2.5.1 Technical Feasibility Studies
2.5.1.4 PROJECT COST ESTIMATE:
 Using Parametric Method (PCF) or any other kind of estimates
 PCF should be determined according to different reliable sources
 PCF depends on the scope of work and quality and area being estimated
Considerations:
I. Lot Acquisition Cost/ROW Cost( if considered in the costing
II. Site Development Cost (parking, roadways, drainage, utility system, landscaping,
fence, earthfill, entrance gate, walkways, scultures, pool, sheds, etc.)
III. Building Cost (area/space-gross area-EEBA-PCF-Cost)
a. Direct Cost (material, labor,)
b. Indirect Cost (a. Architects Fee, Engineers Fee, Consultant fee, Legal Fees,
Contractors Fee, Overhead/contingencies, equip. rental, tax, permits/Insurances,
transportation, allowances, food, bidding document ,etc.)
IV. Total Project Cost (direct + indirect cost)
Note: For Redevelopment Project, cost estimate is different- per item of work
TABLE 5. PROJECT COST

Facility Area EEBA PCF Amount B.. Indirect Cost        

I. Lot Acquisition         a. Professional Fees  
 Lot 1    Architects Fee (computed  
 Lot 2   based the UAP Document  
 Lot 3   201)  
Sub-total Direct Cost Only  
II. Right of Way          Engineers Fee (geodetic,  
III. Site Development         electrical, mechanical,  
 Earthfill   structural)  
 Perimeter Fence    Consultant (engineers,  
 Entrance Arch   project managements)  
 Roadways    Project Manager  
 Drainage/Sewerage    Construction Supervisor  
 Electrical/Powehouse    Full-time Supervisor  
 Parking   bContingencies  
 Landscaping    Documents  
 Etc.    Permits/Certificates  
Sub-total  Legal Fees/Payments  
 Bidding  
IV. Building Facility          Transportation, food, etc.  
 Building 1         a. Contractors Net Profit  
 Building 2   Note 1: Professional Fees must be
 Building 3   referred to the Project
 Building 4   Management or Construction
Note 1: Identify specific name   Management Chart
of the building   Note 2: Contingency cost depends
Note 2: Separate costing of   on the kind of contract ( Bidding
mechanical such as elevator,   Competition, Labor Contract,
elevator, centralized ACU, or   Administration Contract
other specialized facility or  
utility  
Note 3. Incase not separated,  
adjust higher cost of PCF Sub-total

A. Direct Cost     Total (I,II.III,IV) P V. Project Cost     ( Direct Cost  

Material (55%) (P………………….) + Indirect
Labor (45%) (P………………….) Cost)
2.5.1 Technical Feasibility Studies
2.5.1.5 PROGRAM OF PROJECT DEVELOPMENT:
 - A Phase of Development is required if the magnitude of the project is
big/complex and the financing of the project is also done per area or by
phase
 - Provide a table showing the number of Phases, span of years, scope of work
or coverage and budget allocation
Phase Scope of Work Months/Years Budget
Phase 1 - pre-design and design services, 8 months P 3,000,000.00 ( 15% of
documentation, site survey, bidding and the total project cost
awarding of contract, site clearing, site
development of roads, drainage, etc
Phase 2 Construction of Perimeter fence, and Admin- 1 year and 6 months P 12,689,568.00 ( 34% of
Commercial Building the total project cost)
Phase 3 Construction of 5-storey Parking Garage 2 years and 7months P 124,380,463.00 ( 51%
of the total project cost)
2.5.2 Organizational Feasibility Studies
2.5.2.1 COMPANIES PROFILE/ BACKGROUND:
 Data elements that includes company history, profiles of business principals,
parent company, subsidiary, branch affiliations and operational highlights (including terms
of sales, territory, company locations, number of employees and limited financial
information).
2.5.2.2 BUSINESS STRUCTURE
 describe the business structure( single proprietor, partnership, company) of the proposal
including agreements, share, composition, etc.
2.5.2.3 BUSINESS OPERATION
 describe the collective business operation of its system, equipment and processes of the
project from the different facilities (income, and non-income generating facility,
operating hours) as to sales, marketing or production, including the company’s manpower
operations (title, job descriptions, number, assignment, etc.)
2.5.2.4 BUSINESS POLICY
 company’s policies such as uniforms, working hours, benefits, salaries, business
operation, etc.( optional)
2.5.2 Organizational Feasibility Studies
2.5.2.5 ORGANIZATIONAL CHART
 is a diagram that shows the structure of an organization and the
relationships and relative ranks of its parts and positions/jobs.

2.5.2.6 WORK SCHEDULE AND NO.

TITLE WORK SCHEDULE WORK SCHEDULE WORK SCHEDULE NUMBER
  Shift 1 8:00-4:00 Shift 2 4:00-12:00 Shift 3 12:00-8:00  
Manager 8:00 5:00   1
Security Guard 1 1 1 3
Supervisor 2 0 0 2
Janitor 4 1 1 6
2.5.3 Market Feasibility Studies
2.5.3.1. NEED OF THE PROJECT
 Statement why there’s a need of the project under terms and condition relative to present
situation, facts and data of information
Example: Proposed Parking
 The municipality of SanJuan is emerging place as tourist destination because of its geographical
condition and features- its beaches
 Surfing is the major attraction and Urbiztundo is considered as the “surftown” wherein complex
commercial establishment and resort exist in juxtaposition.
 The location is 3.3 km away from the town proper of San Juan,5.5 km from the City of San
Fernando which give adjacency to the most urban population of the province as a market
 The 4- lane National Road makes the only route of access in the area giving the limit trunk of
linkages to other places
 The number of tourist is increasing at the rate of 25% annually while the number of traffic
increases at 5% as a result of limited space parking and limited vehicular access
 Keeping the easement of traffic, a feasibility study desired to be carried out for developing a
centralized multi-level facility to reduce traffic congestion and to suffice the need of parking in
the area
2.5.3 Market Feasibility Studies
2.5.3.2 MARKET ANALYSIS
 a broad understanding of market study on market size, market growth rate, target market,
market profitability, competition, potential sources of revenue and sale projection.
Example: Parking
 Statistical data shows (Table 3. Tourist Arrival ) the tourist record of arrival in the San Juan
has a record high of 3,568, year 2018 ; 3,867, year 2019; and 4,105 at 2020 with a mean
value of 268.5 or equivalent to 25% of increase
 Foreign and local tourist are the primary target market which are the common customers
of all existing resorts in the area, including resort establishments with limited parking
spaces
 Private owned Parking areas located at the northern side with max. parking capacity of 35
and adjacent to Kahuna Resort, with parking capacity of 57 are the only Fee Parking
businesses located in the area. Rest are of free charge for the individual customers of
resorts.
 Additional income generating facilities provided in the project are 8- rentable commercial
spaces, since the area is lack of commercial stores.
2.5.3 Market Feasibility Studies
2.5.3.3 INCOME GENERATING FACILITIES
Table 4. Income generating facilities
Floor Description Area Description Floor Area (sq.m.) Rentable Area Usage Pattern
Basement 1 Parking garage / 556.80 sq.m. 550.00 sq.m Parking for 80 cap.
Maintenance Area
Basement 2
Ground Floor
Second Floor
Third Floor
Total

2.5.3.4 SURVEY RESULT

 Interpretation and presentation of conducted survey result based from the
floated questionnaires( graph, charts, etc.)
 Include in the manuscript statistics of data, population and sample size
 Show in the presentation computation of sample size, basis of population and
formula used. (ex. Slovin’s Formula)
2.5.4 Legal Feasibility
2.5.4.1 LAND AND PROPERTY ISSUE
 The site meet the requirement and classified under a Commercial-Residential use as per CLUP of San
Juan. And certified by Engr. Juan dela Cruz of the MPDC of San Juan as shown in Appendix F.
 The lot composed of 2 properties. Lot 1 has a tax dec. no. 012345 and CTC no. b5467-82 and Lot 2 has a
tax dec. no. 00789 and CTC no 345-8970-a34 originally owned Mrs. Pedro Cruz (lot1) & Ma. Clara Cruz
(lot 2). Legal documents are shown in Appendix G.
 A 3.00 meter right-of-way is located at the eastside property.
 The lot is considered a Corner lot which adjoin the National Road at the frontyard and the 3.00m right-
of-way at the east side
2.5.4.2 SITE & BUILDING DESIGN ISSUE
 Building footprint area covers 2,450.00 sq.m. of the lot which give 68% of building occupancy and 32%
open space which pass t maximum open space requirements of 40% as per NBC
 Building setback from center line of the national highway to the building surface line measures 20.00 m
passing the setback requirement standard of 15.00 meters of DPWH
 Firewall shall be constructed at the east portion of the proposed 5-storey parking garage, built of
concrete masonry construction with 3 hours fire-resistive rating. 1.00 meter shall be extended from the
roof deck floor of the building
 Helical ramp shall be used with ramp gradient of 1:2 %.