Emergency Preparedness Measures: Emergency Drills and Mock Exercises

Emergency Preparedness Measures
 Emergency Drills and Mock Exercises

(a) To evaluate the thoroughness and effectiveness of an ERDMP, it is necessary to
conduct periodic table top exercises full-scale or announced, and unannounced drills.
Each site should hold drills on the night shifts, change shifts as well as during the day
as mandated under regulation.
(b) Drills should present a variety of Emergency scenarios and designed to challenge each
segment of the organization. Limited scale drills are useful and should be used by
Chief of each Support Service to train his own team. Plans should be made to have
periodic mass casualty exercises. These exercises should attempt to simulate as
closely as possible a fire, explosion, or toxic agent release and comparison of the
prescribed time lines and the actual received.
(c) The warning system, first aid, evacuation procedures and the definitive treatment
procedures should all be tested periodically.
(d) Some of the drills should also include the participation of outside groups and agencies
such as police, fire companies, ambulance service, civil defence organizations and
mutual aid groups.
(e) Testing and mock drills for onsite emergency plan shall be carried once in three
months and for offsite emergency plan twelve months.
 Training
(1) An ERDMP shall be easier to use if training material and general philosophy on
emergency prevention and control are kept separate from the working plan.
(2) (i) Training shall be imparted to all the personnel likely to be involved directly or
indirectly to the emergencies including employees, contract workers, transport crew
and security personnel. (ii)Contract personnel and contract labourer shall be allowed
to start work only after clearance of attending and passing safety training.
(3) Refresher training shall be conducted at regular intervals.
(4) The basic requirements of Central Motor Vehicles Rules, 1989 pertaining to dangerous or hazardous goods transport
must be complied by the transporters. For this the loading station must conduct training of tank truck crew as per the
requirement under Central Motor Vehicles Rules, 1989.
 Mutual Aid
Since combating major emergencies might be beyond the capability of individual unit, it is essential to have mutual aid
arrangements with neighboring industries. Consideration shall be given to the following while preparing mutual aid
arrangements:-
(a) Written mutual aid arrangements are to be worked out to facilitate additional help in the event of Level-II emergencies
by way of rendering manpower, medical aid or fire fighting equipments, etc.
(b) The mutual aid arrangement shall be such that the incident controller of the affected installation shall be supported by
neighbouring industries on call basis for the support services materials and equipments already agreed. Further, all
such services deputed 13 by member industry shall work under the command of the site incident controller of the
affected installation.
(c) Mutual aid associations shall conduct regular meetings, develop written plans and test the effectiveness of their plans
by holding drills. Drills are essential to establish a pattern for operation, detect weaknesses in communications,
transportation and training. Periodic drills also develop experience in handling problems and build confidence in the
organization.
Response Procedures & Measures
Containing the consequences of an emergency requires well planned and
documented procedures to ensure prompt response and coordination among
various task groups. The following response procedures as prevalent in the
location shall be carried out:
(a) Zoning and Maps.
(i) The zones and maps shall be prepared highlighting the Incident prone areas of
the unit so that in case of an emergency it serves as a basis for taking the action.
This indicates the size of the area within which human life is seriously
endangered by the consequences of incident. This should also indicate the
location of assembly points and emergency control rooms. The map should also
have marked 24 wind directions to facilitate easy access in case of emergencies.
(ii) The entities shall help District Disaster Management Authority (DDMA) in
finalizing the full drawn map of installations and nearby areas under 14 their
operations having presence of habitats which are vulnerable and sensitive like
old age homes, schools, prison, etc.
(iii) Wind speed and direction should be recorded with the help of anemometer and
declaration of off-site emergencies should be immediately communicated to
DDMA.
(b) Layout/flow diagram
Detailed layout and flow diagram for different activities such as Product Lines,
filling system, emergency shutdown system isolation valves etc. should be
detailed. The important control valves should be highlighted.
(c) Manpower data
The details of manpower deputed on shift basis should be given in order to
assess the requirement in case of emergency.
Organization
Organization Chart
Roles & Responsibilities
 Chief Incident Controller (CIC)
The Chief Incident Controller (CIC) shall have overall responsibility to protect personnel, site facilities, and the public
before, during, and after an emergency or disaster. The CIC shall be present at the main emergency control centre for
counsel and overall guidance.
 Site Incident Controller (SIC)
The Site Incident Controller shall be identified by the Chief Incident Controller and will report directly to him. SIC
should be nominated by the entity in each shift 24 hrs.
 Administration & Communication Coordinator
(a) To coordinate with mutual aid members and other external agencies;
(b) To direct them on arrival of external agencies to respective coordinators at desired locations;
(c) To ensure head counts at assembly points
 Fire Safety Coordinator & Fire Team
(a) To activate emergency sirens as per the practiced codes;
(b) To take charge of all fire fighting and rescue operations and safety matters;
(c) To ensure that key personnel are called in and to release crew of fire fighting operations as per emergency procedure
 Communication Services
(a) Ensuring the ECC equipment and systems are maintained to a high standard and remain functional throughout the
emergency.
(b) Ensuring a back-up communication system is available in the event of the ECC Room is not available.
(c) Providing quality and diverse communication systems for use in routine and emergency situations.
Communication Flow Chart

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