Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 96 views

    Energy Flow in Ecosystems

    Uploaded by

    joe doe
    Photosynthesis and cellular respiration cycle energy and nutrients in an ecosystem. During photosynthesis, plants use chlorophyll and solar energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. Cellular respiration then uses the glucose and oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, and energy for organisms. These two processes are codependent, with photosynthesis producing the reactants for cellular respiration and vice versa. Energy flows through trophic levels in a food web from producers to various consumers, with only about 10% being transferred between levels. Decomposers break down waste and dead organisms, recycling nutrients back into the soil and environment.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Energy Flow in Ecosystems

    Uploaded by

    joe doe
    96 views20 pages
    Photosynthesis and cellular respiration cycle energy and nutrients in an ecosystem. During photosynthesis, plants use chlorophyll and solar energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. Cellular respiration then uses the glucose and oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, and energy for organisms. These two processes are codependent, with photosynthesis producing the reactants for cellular respiration and vice versa. Energy flows through trophic levels in a food web from producers to various consumers, with only about 10% being transferred between levels. Decomposers break down waste and dead organisms, recycling nutrients back into the soil and environment.

    Original Title

    Energy Flow in Ecosystems.pptx

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Photosynthesis and cellular respiration cycle energy and nutrients in an ecosystem. During photosynthesis, plants use chlorophyll and solar energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. Cellular respiration then uses the glucose and oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, and energy for organisms. These two processes are codependent, with photosynthesis producing the reactants for cellular respiration and vice versa. Energy flows through trophic levels in a food web from producers to various consumers, with only about 10% being transferred between levels. Decomposers break down waste and dead organisms, recycling nutrients back into the soil and environment.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    96 views20 pages

    Energy Flow in Ecosystems

    Uploaded by

    joe doe
    Photosynthesis and cellular respiration cycle energy and nutrients in an ecosystem. During photosynthesis, plants use chlorophyll and solar energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. Cellular respiration then uses the glucose and oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, and energy for organisms. These two processes are codependent, with photosynthesis producing the reactants for cellular respiration and vice versa. Energy flows through trophic levels in a food web from producers to various consumers, with only about 10% being transferred between levels. Decomposers break down waste and dead organisms, recycling nutrients back into the soil and environment.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 20

    Energy Flow in Ecosystems

    Photosynthesis and cellular Respiration


    Learning Goals

    -I can write the word equations for photosynthesis and


    cellular respiration
    -I understand how photosynthesis and cellular respiration
    cycle energy and nutrients in an ecosystem
    -I can explain how human activities disrupt
    photosynthesis and cellular respiration
    Energy Flow Through an Ecosystem
    ⚫ The sun is the ultimate source of energy for almost all ecosystems on
    Earth.
    ⚫ Only a small fraction of sunlight reaches Earth and is absorbed by a green
    pigment in plants called chlorophyll
    ⚫ Through a series of chemical reactions, plants use chlorophyll to convert
    solar energy from the Sun into chemical energy which is stored in the
    form of a sugar called glucose. This process is called photosynthesis.
    The Word Equation and Chemical equation for
    Photosynthesis
    a) Carbon Dioxide + Water + Sunlight → Sugar + Oxygen

    b) CO2 + H2O + Sunlight → C6H12O6 + O2


    Oxygen is produced by
    Sun photosynthesis and
    released into the air
    Sunlight drives
    the chemical Glucose is made
    reactions in the leaf

    Carbon dioxide
    gas from the
    atmosphere

    Water from Water from


    the soil the soil

    water + carbon dioxide gas + sunlight → oxygen gas + glucose (sugar)


    What process
    do organisms
    undergo in
    Cellular
    order to use the
    Respiration
    energy
    produced by
    plants
    Cellular Respiration
    ⚫ Cellular respiration takes place in the mitochondria of both animals and
    plants
    ⚫ Cellular Respiration is the process used to obtain usable energy from
    glucose produced during photosynthesis.
    ⚫ The energy produced during cellular respiration is used by organisms for:
    growth , movement, repair , reproduction, and basic life functions.
    The Word Equation and Chemical Equation for
    Cellular Respiration
    a) Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy(ATP)

    b) C6H12O6 + O2 → CO2 + H2O + Energy (ATP)


    What is the relationship between Photosynthesis
    and Cellular respiration?
    Its NOT the OPPOSITE!!!
    But they are codependent. It makes a cycle. The
    products of one are the reactants of the other.
    Meaning that photosynthesis needs the stuff that
    cellular respiration makes and vice versa.
    Photosynthesis and cellular respiration together form a cycle (or flow) of
    energy!
    Plants produce
    oxygen gas by
    photosynthesis Plants make glucose by
    photosynthesis
    Animals use
    oxygen gas for
    cellular
    respiration Plants absorb carbon dioxide
    gas to use in photosynthesis

    Animals breakdown Animals release carbon


    glucose during cellular dioxide gas during cellular
    respiration to get respiration
    Flow of Energy Through the
    Ecosystem
    How does energy move through an ecosystem ?

    Through the food chain!

    The trophic level of an organism is the


    position it holds in a food chain.
    Trophic Levels
    First trophic level
    ⚫ Producers are organisms that make their own food from sunlight.
    Because they can make their own food, producers are called autotrophs.
    They are the base of every food chain.

    Second trophic level


    ⚫ Primary consumers are animals that eat producers. They are also called
    herbivores (plant-eaters).
    Trophic Levels
    Trophic levels three, four and five consist of carnivores and omnivores.
    Carnivores are animals that survive only by eating other animals,
    whereas omnivores eat animals and plant material.
    ● Trophic level three consists of carnivores and omnivores which eat
    herbivores; these are the secondary consumers.
    ● Trophic level four contains carnivores and omnivores which eat
    secondary consumers and are known as tertiary consumers.
    ● Trophic level five consists of apex predators; these animals have
    no natural predators and are therefore at the top of the food chain.
    They are known as quaternary consumers.
    A food web is made up of interconnected food chains.

    Label the levels of the following food web.


    Sample Trophic Level Diagram
    Trophic Efficiency

    Energy is lost at each level

    Most energy is used for life functions

    Only about 10% of energy is


    transferred to the next level
    What happens to animal waste and when an organism dies?
    When any organism dies, it is often eaten by Detritivores or
    Scavengers such as vultures, worms, insects and crabs. Its
    body is then broken down by decomposers which are mostly
    bacteria and fungi. These processes return nutrients to the
    soil.
    Decomposers like bacteria and fungi don't eat their food, they
    decompose it externally. Also, decomposers consume nutrients
    on a molecular level while detritivores eat large amount of
    decaying material and excrete nutrients.
    Food web

    You might also like