Biography of Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Roll No.40

Name : Mrunal Waghchaure
Class : MArketing A
RollNo : 19MBAMM040
Biography on Chatrapati Shivaji
Maharaj
BIOGRAPHY OF CHATRAPATI SHIVAJI
MAHARAJ
Chhatrapati Shivaji was born in the Shivneri

Fort in Maharashtra on 19 February 1630.
The Government of Maharashtra lists 19
February as a holiday commemorating
Shivaji's birth (Shivaji Jayanti).
Shivaji was named after a local deity, the
goddess Shivai.
SHAHAJI RAJE BHOSALE
Shahaji Raje Bhosale was a Maratha

general who served the Deccan
Sultanates. Shahaji married
Jijabai,the daughter of Lakhuji
Jadhav. He had 4 sons :
1.Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj
2.Sambhaji Shahaji Bhosale
3.Ekoji Bhosale
4.Maloji Bhosales
JIJABAI
Jijabai was born on 12 January 1598, as the

daughter of Lakhuji Jadhav of Deulgaon,
near Sindkhed, in present-day Buldhana
district of Maharastra.
Her mother's name was Mahalasabai.
Lakhojiraje Jadhav was a Yadava,
traditionally the rules of Devgiri.
Jijabai was married at an early age to Shahaji
Bhosle, son of Maloji Bhosle of Verul
village, a military commander serving under
the Nizam Shahi sultans.
UPBRINGING OF SHIVAJI MAHARAJ
Shivaji was devoted to his mother Jijabai, who

was deeply religious. His studies of the Hindu
epics, the Ramayana and the Mahabharata, also
influenced his lifelong defence of Hindu values.
He was deeply interested in religious teachings,
and regularly sought the company of Hindu
saints.
He moved Shivaji and Jijabai from Shivneri to
Pune and left them in the care of his jagir
administrator, Dadoji Konddeo, who has been
credited with overseeing the education and
training of young Shivaji.
CONFLICT FOR BIJAPUR FORT
In 1645, the 15-year-old Shivaji

bribed or persuaded Inayat Khan,
the Bijapuri commander of the
Torna Fort, to hand over
possession of the fort to him. On
25 July 1648, Shahaji was
imprisoned by Baji Ghorpade
under the orders of Bijapuri ruler
Mohammed Adilshah, in a bid to
contain Shivaji
SHAHAJI BHOSALE RELEASE
• . According to Sarkar, Shahaji was released in 1649 after the capture of Jinji secured
Adilshah's position in Karnataka.
• Following his father's release, Shivaji resumed raiding, and in 1656, under controversial
circumstances, killed Chandrarao More, a fellow Maratha feudatory of Bijapur, and
seized the valley of Javali, near present day Mahabaleshwar, from him.
AFZAL KHAN
Adilshah was displeased at his losses to Shivaji's
forces, which his vassal Shahaji disavowed.
Having ended his conflict with the Mughals and
having a greater ability to respond, in 1657
Adilshah sent Afzal Khan, a veteran general, to
arrest Shivaji. The two forces found themselves at
a stalemate, with Shivaji unable to break the
siege, while Afzal Khan, having a powerful
cavalry but lacking siege equipment,
was unable to take the fort.
After two months, Afzal Khan sent an envoy to
Shivaji suggesting the two leaders meet in private
outside the fort to parley.
The two met in a hut at the foothills of Pratapgad
fort on 10 November 1659.
CONFLICT WITH AFZAL KHAN
In the fight, Afzal Khan's dagger was stopped by
Shivaji's armour, and Shivaji's weapons inflicted
mortal wounds on the general;
Shivaji then fired a cannon to signal his hidden
troops to attack the Bijapuri army. More than 3,000
soldiers of the Bijapur army were killed and one
sardar of high rank, two sons of Afzal Khan and two
Maratha chiefs were taken prisoner.
After the victory, a grand review was held by

Shivaji below Pratapgarh.
The captured enemy, both officers and men, were
set free and sent back to their homes with money,
food and other gifts.
Marathas were rewarded accordingly.
SIEGE OF PANHALA
Having defeated the Bijapuri forces sent against

him,Shivaji's army marched towards the Konkan and
Kolhapur, seizing Panhala fort,
and defeating Bijapuri forces sent against them under
Rustam Zaman and Fazl Khan in 1659. At that time,
Shivaji was encamped at Panhala fort with his forces.
Siddi Jauhar's army besieged Panhala in mid-1660, cutting
off supply routes to the fort.
SIEGE OF PANHALA
• This perceived betrayal angered Shivaji, who in December would

exact revenge by plundering the English factory at Rajapur and
capturing four of the factors, imprisoning them until mid-1663.
• After months of siege, Shivaji negotiated with Siddi Jauhar and
handed over the fort on 22 September 1660, withdrawing to Vishalgad;
• Shivaji retook Panhala in 1673
CONQUEST IN SOUTHERN INDIA
• Beginning in 1674, the Marathas undertook an aggressive campaign, raiding Khandesh

(October), capturing Bijapuri Ponda (April 1675), Karwar (mid-year), and Kolhapur (July). In
November the Maratha navy skirmished with the Siddis of Janjira, but failed to dislodge them.
• Having recovered from an illness, and taking advantage of a conflict between the Afghans and
Bijapur, Shivaji raided Athani in April 1676.
• His appeal was somewhat successful, and in 1677 Shivaji visited Hyderabad for a month and
entered into a treaty with the Qutubshah of the Golkonda sultanate, agreeing to reject his
alliance with Bijapur and jointly oppose the Mughals.
CONQUEST IN SOUTHERN INDIA
• The initially promising negotiations were unsuccessful, so whilst returning to Raigad

Shivaji defeated his half-brother's army on 26 November 1677 and seized most of his
possessions in the Mysore plateau.
• In the end Shivaji consented to turn over to her and her female descendants many of the
properties he had seized, with Venkoji consenting to a number of conditions for the
proper administration of the territories and maintenance of Shivaji's future memorial
(samadhi).
DEATH AND SUCCESION
The question of Shivaji's heir-apparent was

complicated by the misbehaviour of his eldest
son, Sambhaji, who was irresponsible.
Unable to curb this, Shivaji confined his son
to Panhala in 1678, only to have the prince
escape with his wife and defect to the
Mughals for a year. In late March 1680,
Shivaji fell ill with fever and dysentery,dying
around 3–5 April 1680 at the age of 52, on the
eve of Hanuman Jayanti.
Putalabai, the childless eldest of the surviving
wives of Shivaji committed sati by jumping
into his funeral pyre.
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Biography of Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Roll No.40

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Name : Mrunal Waghchaure

Chhatrapati Shivaji was born in the Shivneri

Shahaji Raje Bhosale was a Maratha

Jijabai was born on 12 January 1598, as the

Shivaji was devoted to his mother Jijabai, who

In 1645, the 15-year-old Shivaji

After the victory, a grand review was held by

Having defeated the Bijapuri forces sent against

• This perceived betrayal angered Shivaji, who in December would

• Beginning in 1674, the Marathas undertook an aggressive campaign, raiding Khandesh

• The initially promising negotiations were unsuccessful, so whilst returning to Raigad

The question of Shivaji's heir-apparent was

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