Management of Swine and Poultry

MANAGEMENT OF SWINE AND POULTRY
Swine
A typical pig has a large head with a long snout which is strengthened
by a special prenatal bone and by a disk of cartilage at the tip.
FACTS ABOUT PIGS
• Pigs are very intelligent and learn quickly.

• Pigs are highly prolific
• Pigs are much more tolerant of cold
than heat.
• Piglets learn their names by two to three
weeks of age and respond when called.
ESTABLISHMENT OF PIG PRODUCTION ENTERPRISE
non – residential areas and ensure that your neighbors will not be
bothered by odors.
Environmental Requirements for Establishing a Pig Farm
1. Climate/rainfall - A mild climate with no excess of rain is

conducive for pig rearing.
2. Soil type - Gravel and sandy soils over clay.
3. Topography - Level or gentle slope.
4. Land - An acre can accommodate 5 to 8 sows on range.
HOUSING THE PIG
Gestation unit- is where pregnant pigs are confined

Farrowing unit- where nursing sow and its young are confined
for 30 days
Nursery unit- where the piglets are kept for two months
Growing unit- where weanlings are raised until they are ready
to be marketed
One boar is required for every 10 to 20 sows. The floor should be
non-slippery and equipped with bedding.
For water supply, a drinking nipple with an angle of 45° is placed

Above or next to the feeding
Food supply is a small, self-feeder should be filled twice or three

times a day to prevent the feed from becoming stale and moldy.
What is Feed?
Dietary Switches Pigs (swine) are usually fed in phases.
Feeding management of pigs may be divided into the following:
1. Creep Feeding- At about 10th day of farrowing and when piglets

weigh about 10kg live weight, piglets are fed creep feed
containing 24% crude protein(C.P)
2. Weaner’s Diet - Immediately pigs are weaned and weigh 10-25kg

live weight, Weaner’s diet containing 22% C.P is introduced.
3. Grower’s Diet- When pigs are 25-60% live weight, they are fed
Grower’s diet with 18% C.P.
4. Finisher/ Fattener Diet- When pigs are between 60-80kg body

weight, they are given finisher or Fattener diet containing 14-15%
C.P
5. Breeder Stocks are given the following diets:
• At about 70kg and above live weight, pigs intended for
breeding are given.
• Breeder diet containing 15% C.P.
• Period between Weaning and Re-breeding- Usually, gilts
and sow and occasionally boars are Flushed.
Before Farrowing- A week before farrowing, both the

quantity and quality of feed given to the pregnant pigs are
increased. This provides the animals with food reserves
necessary to cope with the stress that comes with
farrowing.
POULTRY MANAGEMENT
- Poultry management usually refers to the husbandry practices
or production techniques that help to maximize the efficiency of
production.
THE POULTRY HOUSE
Type of Shelter for poultry:
1.RANGE-TYPE is located in the middle of the pasture.

2.SEMI-CONFINEMENT TYPE
-has provisions for a sun porch or runway for additional space for
movement of the birds.
3. COMPLETE CONFINEMENT SYSTEM
- the birds are confined to the house entirely, with no access to land.
Poultry Feeds
Poultry feeds are referred to as “complete” feeds, because they

are designed to contain all the protein, energy, vitamins, minerals,
and other nutrients necessary for growth, egg production, and
health of chickens.
Water
Water is the single most important nutrient that chickens consume.

chickens will drink between two and three times as much
water by weight as they eat in feed.
Common Sense Biosecurity Measures
1. Keep Your Distance
2. Keep It Clean
3. Don’t Haul Disease Home
4. Don’t Borrow Disease From Your
Neighbor
5. Look for Signs of Infectious Diseases
6. Report Sick Animals
Precautions for Free Range Poultry
1. Identify high risk areas including wetlands along

migratory flyways or areas where wild waterfowl or
shorebirds congregate, and high density poultry
production areas.
2. Implement preventive measures for high-risk areas:

a. Keep birds indoors.
b. Restrict outside open access by maintaining outdoor
enclosures covered with solid roofs and wire mesh or
netted sides.
Look for Signs of Disease
It is important for producers to know the warning signs of

diseases such as Avian Influenza (AI) or Porcine Epidemic
Diarrhea Virus (PEDv). If you know the signs, you may
be able to tell if something is wrong. Early detection helps
prevent the spread of disease.
Look for Signs of Disease
1. Sudden increase in bird deaths in your flock.

2. Sneezing, gasping for air, coughing, and/or runny nose.
3. Watery and green diarrhea.
4. Lack of energy and poor appetite.
5. Drop in egg production or soft or thin-shelled,
misshapen eggs.
6. Swelling around the eyes, neck, and head.
7. Purple discoloration of the wattles, combs, and legs.
If you suspect your birds may have AI, don’t wait –
Report it!
THE END

Management of Swine and Poultry

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MANAGEMENT OF SWINE AND POULTRY

FACTS ABOUT PIGS

• Pigs are very intelligent and learn quickly.

Environmental Requirements for Establishing a Pig Farm

1. Climate/rainfall - A mild climate with no excess of rain is

Gestation unit- is where pregnant pigs are confined

For water supply, a drinking nipple with an angle of 45° is placed

Food supply is a small, self-feeder should be filled twice or three

1. Creep Feeding- At about 10th day of farrowing and when piglets

2. Weaner’s Diet - Immediately pigs are weaned and weigh 10-25kg

4. Finisher/ Fattener Diet- When pigs are between 60-80kg body

Before Farrowing- A week before farrowing, both the

Type of Shelter for poultry:

1.RANGE-TYPE is located in the middle of the pasture.

Poultry feeds are referred to as “complete” feeds, because they

Water is the single most important nutrient that chickens consume.

1. Keep Your Distance

1. Identify high risk areas including wetlands along

2. Implement preventive measures for high-risk areas:

It is important for producers to know the warning signs of

1. Sudden increase in bird deaths in your flock.

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