WHAT IS THE IMPORTANCE

OF ANIMALS TO MANKIND?
ANIMAL SCIENCE
GROUP 4
 ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal science is described as "studying the

biology of animals that are under the control
of humankind". It can also be described as
the production and management of farm
animals.
 ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal science is the study of animals that

live alongside humans. Around the world,
humans rely on animals for food, fiber, labor
and companionship. Animal science is the
biological science and management of
domestic livestock, including beef cattle,
horses, sheep, swine and companion animals.
 ANIMAL SCIENTIST

Animal scientist applies principles of the

biological, physical, and social sciences to the
problems associated with livestock production
and management.
 WHAT DO ANIMAL SCIENTISTS DO?

1. Animal scientists work with farm animals,

wildlife, laboratory animals, pets and zoo
animals. They study these animals to help
keep them healthy and productive.

2. Animal scientists help put food on our

tables.
 WHAT DO ANIMAL SCIENTISTS DO?

3. Animal scientists work with farmers to

improve animal breeding, growth and
nutrition. When animals grow well and stay
healthy, farmers can produce more meat, milk
or eggs for our consumption.
4. Animal scientists also work with farmers to
decrease the environmental impact of animal
agriculture.
 WHAT DO ANIMAL SCIENTISTS DO?

5. Animal scientists study animal products after

harvest. They check meat quality or screen milk for
pathogens. Advances in food safety increase the
world’s supply of nutritious food.
6. Animal scientists also keep us clothed. In cold
climates, people rely on wool to stay warm.
Animal scientists work to keep animals like sheep
and alpacas healthy.
 WHAT DO ANIMAL SCIENTISTS DO?

7. Animal scientists protect human health. It is

important for scientists to study how diseases spread
between humans and animals.
8. Animal scientists can also use animals as models
for humans. Studying fetal development in sheep, for
example, can help us understand fetal development in
humans.
 WHAT DO ANIMAL SCIENTISTS DO?

9. Animal scientists also keep our pets healthy. They tackle

issues like pet obesity and breeding. And zoos rely on animal
scientists to establish breeding programs, nutrition programs
and help preserve exotic wildlife.
10. Animal scientists help us understand and manage these
animals.
WHAT IS THE IMPORTANCE
OF ANIMALS TO MANKIND?
 WHAT IS THE IMPORTANCE OF
ANIMALS TO MANKIND?

ANIMALS PROVIDE US WITH FOOD, CLOTHING,

RECREATION AND COMPANIONSHIP. ANIMAL
SCIENCE—THE STUDY OF THE BIOLOGICAL
FUNCTION OF DOMESTIC AND CAPTIVE ANIMALS
AND THEIR UTILIZATION BY PEOPLE—FOCUSES
ON MODERN, EFFICIENT AND HUMANE WAYS TO
CARE FOR AND MAKE THE BEST USE OF THE
ANIMALS WHO SHARE OUR LIVES. HUMANS RELY
ON ANIMALS FOR FOOD, FIBER, LABOR AND
COMPANIONSHIP.
 THINGS WE GET OUT FROM ANIMALS

PRODUCTS FROM ANIMALS INCLUDE MEAT

AND MEAT PRODUCTS, POULTRY
PRODUCTS (MEAT AND EGGS), FISH,
SHELLFISH, DAIRY PRODUCTS (MILK AND
CHEESE), AND NON-FOOD PRODUCTS SUCH
AS FIBER (WOOL, MOHAIR, CASHMERE,
AND LEATHER).
.
 ANIMAL SCIENCE VS. VETERINARY MEDICINE

Animal science essentially Veterinary sciences deals with

focuses on the production health aspects of animals and
includes subjects like anatomy,
and management aspects of physiology, pathology,
animals and include parasitology, microbiology,
nutrition, breeding, animal biochemistry and
products technology, etc. biotechnology, public health
and epidemiology,
pharmacology, gynecology,
surgery, medicine etc.
 Importance of Animal Science

HUMANS RELY ON ANIMALS FOR FOOD,

FIBER, LABOR AND COMPANIONSHIP. SO IT
MAKES SENSE THAT WE NEED ANIMAL
SCIENTISTS TO KEEP THESE ANIMALS
HEALTHY AND PRODUCTIVE.
 Importance of Animal Science

ANIMAL SCIENTISTS HELP PUT FOOD ON OUR TABLES.

ANIMAL SCIENTISTS WORK WITH FARMERS TO IMPROVE
ANIMAL BREEDING, DISEASES AND NUTRITION. WHEN
ANIMALS GROW WELL AND STAY HEALTHY, FARMERS
CAN PRODUCE MORE MEAT, MILK OR EGGS FOR OUR
CONSUMPTION. ANIMAL SCIENTISTS ALSO WORK WITH
FARMERS TO DECREASE THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
OF ANIMAL AGRICULTURE.
 Importance of Animal Science

SOME ANIMAL SCIENTISTS STUDY ANIMAL PRODUCTS

AFTER HARVEST. THEY CHECK MEAT QUALITY OR
SCREEN MILK FOR PATHOGENS. ADVANCES IN FOOD
SAFETY KEEP HUMANS HEALTHY AND INCREASE THE
WORLD’S SUPPLY OF NUTRITIOUS FOOD.
RAISING POULTRY , SWINE
AND LIVESTOCK
 POULTRY
are domesticated birds kept by humans for their
eggs, their meat or their feathers. Poultry are
domesticated avian species that can be raised for
eggs, meat and/or feathers. The term “poultry”
covers a wide range of birds, from indigenous and
commercial breeds of chickens to Muscovy ducks,
mallard ducks, turkeys, guinea fowl, geese, quail,
pigeons, ostriches and pheasants.
 POULTRY FARMING
is the form of animal husbandry which
raises domesticated birds such
as chickens, ducks, turkeys and geese to
produce meat or eggs for food. Poultry – mostly
chickens – are farmed in great numbers. More than
60 billion chickens are killed for consumption
annually.
Chickens raised for eggs are known as layers, while
chickens raised for meat are called broilers.
 TYPES OF POULTRY BIRDS
Consider these 6 types of poultry for your
farm
Chickens are an obvious poultry choice for
eggs and meat, but also consider birds such
as…
 TYPES OF POULTRY BIRDS
1. Chickens
As the best known backyard farm bird,
chickens are valued because they are easy
keepers and quite useful. They’ve been part
of farmyards for about 5,000 years, since
first being domesticated in Asia from a wild
bird known as red junglefowl.
 TYPES OF POULTRY BIRDS
An adult hen lays four to six eggs a week, which
means three or four chickens are enough to keep a
family well supplied. They do not need a rooster to
lay. Raised for meat, a chicken can feed a family for
several days, providing lunch meat, salads and soups.
 TYPES OF POULTRY BIRDS
Chickens require about 4 square feet per bird, and a
small run. They eat approximately 1/4 pound of feed a
day, and it’s quite easy to grow your own chicken
feed. Many farmers will fund their chicken feed
purchases directly with the sales of their farm fresh
eggs.
 TYPES OF POULTRY BIRDS
2. Geese
The earliest domesticated poultry, geese can be
friendly and useful additions to the farmyard.
They take marginally more work than a flock of
hens, but they are still easy keepers and can
bring you a variety of rewards.
 TYPES OF POULTRY BIRDS
Geese can lay 20 to 40 eggs a year, and a goose
egg is large enough to make a full omelet on its
own. Geese are prized for their delicious dark
meat, and when slaughtered their fluffy under
feathers make the down that stuffs our pillows
and comforters.
 TYPES OF POULTRY BIRDS
3. Ducks
Ducks have been farmed for thousands of years, and wild ducks were
hunted and their eggs scavenged even before that.

There are far more different types of ducks in domestication than you might
guess. There are upright, skinny varieties known as runners; the meaty-
faced, unique muscovies; and also plumper, swimming breeds that descend
from wild mallards. Each type has its own needs, but like geese ducks do
not need a pond to be happy. Ducks use water to bathe and eat—they also
cannot swallow without immersing their beaks.
 TYPES OF POULTRY BIRDS
Ducks need approximately 4 square feet per bird.

Geese and ducks sleep on the ground, unlike

chickens, who prefer being able to roost at night.
Adult ducks will eat about 1/4 pound of feed a day,
and love special treats. Ducks are omnivores and enjoy
tadpoles, lizards, and mice as much as lettuce,
tomatoes, and bread
 TYPES OF POULTRY BIRDS
4. Guinea Fowl
Guinea fowl are african birds most similar in
appearance to turkeys, with bald blue heads and
speckled bodies. Originally hunted and
eventually domesticated, these birds are very
low maintenance but most remain at least
somewhat wild.
 TYPES OF POULTRY BIRDS
Many farmers keep guineas without any shelter at all, as they
can fly high enough into the trees for night roosting to be safe
from predators. If kept in captivity, they need 2 to 3 square feet
per bird for a shelter.

Additionally, guineas eat almost no feed during the summer

months, when they are expertly foraging. They lay eggs
seasonally, in the spring and summer, usually about 30 a year.
Plump birds, they make good eating and are said to be more
flavorful than chicken.
 TYPES OF POULTRY BIRDS
5. Quail
Another bird whose behavior usually hovers on
the edge of domestication is the quail. Quail are
rather similar to pheasants, another type of
poultry one might find on the modern
homestead. Pheasants are often larger, and they
usually have brighter plumage and louder calls.
.
 TYPES OF POULTRY BIRDS
Quail are productive layers, averaging more than 200 eggs in a year.
These eggs are tiny and speckled, and they are considered a delicacy.
Quail meat is also prized, however the breed yields very little per bird.
They are very active and must be kept amused in their run or allowed to
free range. This also makes them highly entertaining to watch forage
and play, and adult quail eat only about 15g of feed a day.

Being so tiny—adults are about 1/4 of a pound—quail are always at risk

to larger predators. They must be kept away from large house pets such
as dogs and cats, and they need a shelter secure from even smaller
predators such as rats and skunks.
 TYPES OF POULTRY BIRDS
6. Turkey
Turkeys make striking additions to the barnyard, the males
always happy to show off their plumage and bright blue heads.

First domesticated about 2,000 years ago, turkeys originate

from Mexico and Central America. Turkeys are raised
primarily for their meat but are becoming more popular as pets.
POULTRY HOUSING
SYSTEM
 POULTRY HOUSING SYSTEM
There are four systems of housing generally
found to follow among the poultry keepers. The
type of housing adopted depends to a large
extent on the amount of ground and the capital
available.
 POULTRY HOUSING SYSTEM
Poultry housing system can be roughly categorized into three
categories. Selection of any approach depends upon the capital
investment and land availability.

•Free-range or extensive system

•Semi-intensive system
•Folding unit system
•Intensive system