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    Computer Graphics

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    Harshita [ Kumari
    This document discusses different types of projections used to represent 3D objects in 2D. It describes perspective projection which shows decreasing size and convergence of parallel lines. Types include one, two, and three point perspectives. Parallel projection maintains true shape and size using techniques like orthographic, axonometric, and oblique projections. Orthographic includes front, top, and side views while axonometric includes isometric and dimetric. Oblique projections include cavalier and cabinet types.

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    Computer Graphics

    Uploaded by

    Harshita [ Kumari
    39 views17 pages
    This document discusses different types of projections used to represent 3D objects in 2D. It describes perspective projection which shows decreasing size and convergence of parallel lines. Types include one, two, and three point perspectives. Parallel projection maintains true shape and size using techniques like orthographic, axonometric, and oblique projections. Orthographic includes front, top, and side views while axonometric includes isometric and dimetric. Oblique projections include cavalier and cabinet types.

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    This document discusses different types of projections used to represent 3D objects in 2D. It describes perspective projection which shows decreasing size and convergence of parallel lines. Types include one, two, and three point perspectives. Parallel projection maintains true shape and size using techniques like orthographic, axonometric, and oblique projections. Orthographic includes front, top, and side views while axonometric includes isometric and dimetric. Oblique projections include cavalier and cabinet types.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    39 views17 pages

    Computer Graphics

    Uploaded by

    Harshita [ Kumari
    This document discusses different types of projections used to represent 3D objects in 2D. It describes perspective projection which shows decreasing size and convergence of parallel lines. Types include one, two, and three point perspectives. Parallel projection maintains true shape and size using techniques like orthographic, axonometric, and oblique projections. Orthographic includes front, top, and side views while axonometric includes isometric and dimetric. Oblique projections include cavalier and cabinet types.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 17

    Additional assignment

    CSM 501

    Topic: projection

    Shivani Yadav
    BSC(CS)+DVIT
    1702418
    projection

    It is the process of converting a 3D


    object into a 2D object. It is also
    defined as mapping or transformation
    of the object in projection plane or
    view plane. The view plane is
    displayed surface.
    Taxonomy of projection

    We can construct different projections


    according to the view that is desired.
    Perspective projection
    In perspective projection farther away object from
    the viewer, small it appears. This property of
    projection gives an idea about depth. The artist use
    perspective projection from drawing three-
    dimensional scenes.
    Two main characteristics of perspective are
    vanishing points and perspective foreshortening.
    Due to foreshortening object and lengths appear
    smaller from the center of projection. More we
    increase the distance from the center of projection,
    smaller will be the object appear.
    Vanishing point
    It is the point where all lines will
    appear to meet. There can be one
    point, two point, and three point
    perspectives.
    Or
    In other words,the illusion that certain
    set of parallel lines appear to meet at
    a point.
    One Point: There is only one vanishing
    point as shown
    Two Points: There are two vanishing points. One is the
    x-direction and other in the y -direction
    Three Points: There are three vanishing points. One is x
    second in y and third in two directions.
    Anomalies in Perspective
    Projection
    It introduces several anomalies due to these
    object shape and appearance gets affected.
    •Perspective foreshortening: The size of the
    object will be small of its distance from the
    center of projection increases.
    •Vanishing Point: All lines appear to meet at
    some point in the view plane.
    •Distortion of Lines: A range lies in front of
    the viewer to back of viewer is appearing to
    six rollers.
    Parallel perspective
    Parallel Projection use to display picture in
    its true shape and size. When projectors are
    perpendicular to view plane then is
    called orthographic projection. The parallel
    projection is formed by extending parallel
    lines from each vertex on the object until
    they intersect the plane of the screen. The
    point of intersection is the projection of
    vertex.
    Parallel projections are used by architects
    and engineers for creating working drawing
    of the object, for complete representations
    require two or more views of an object using
    different planes.
    Types of parallel
    projection
    1.Orthographic
    In orthographic projection the direction of
    projection is normal to the projection of the
    plane. There are three types of orthographic
    projection-
    •Front Projection
    •Top Projection
    •Side Projection
    2.Axonometric orthographic
    projections.
    Orthographic projections that show more than one side of an object are
    called axonometric orthographic projections.

    •Isometric Projection: All projectors make equal angles generally angle


    is of 30°.

    •Dimetric: In these two projectors have equal angles. With respect to two
    principle axis.

    •Trimetric: The direction of projection makes unequal angle with their


    principle axis.

    .
    Obligue projection

    In oblique projection, the direction of


    projection is not normal to the projection of
    plane. In oblique projection, we can view
    the object better than orthographic
    projection.
    Types of Obligue projection
    There are two types of oblique projections − Cavalier and Cabinet.
    The Cavalier projection makes 45° angle with the projection plane.
    The projection of a line perpendicular to the view plane has the same
    length as the line itself in Cavalier projection. In a cavalier
    projection, the foreshortening factors for all three principal
    directions are equal.
    The Cabinet projection makes 63.4° angle with the projection plane.
    In Cabinet projection, lines perpendicular to the viewing surface are
    projected at ½ their actual length. Both the projections are shown in
    the following figure −

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