Endocrine System and Nervous System

Endocrine System
and
Nervous System
1. Hormones 11. receptor cells
2. Neurons 12.thyroid
3. Brainstem 13.cerebellum
4. Testis 14.hormonal
5. Ovarian follicle 15.occipital lobe
6. Exocrine 16.humoral
7. Neurotransmitters 17.pineal
8. Pituitary gland 18.neuroglia
9. Cerebrum 19.endocrine
10. Somatic division 20.parathyroid
1. Hormones 11. Thyroid
2. endocrine 12. Brainstem
3. pineal 13. cerebellum
4. hormonal 14. Neurotransmitter
5. Testis 15. occipital lobe
6. Ovarian follicle 16. Neurons
7. Exocrine 17. Cerebrum
8. parathyroid 18. neuroglia
9. Pituitary gland 19. Somatic division
10. humoral 20. receptor cells
_ E _E_ _ _M_ _T
DEVELOPMENT
Endocrine System
 It produces hormones
 Functions of these hormones
1. Regulate growth and development
2. Influence behavior
3. Maintain homeostasis
4. Regulate metabolism
5. Allow response to external stimuli
6. Balance water and minerals and
7. Influence reproductive processes
Endocrine System
 Two types of glands in the body  Endocrine Gland
- DON’T have
1. Exocrine gland
DUCTS, they release
2. Endocrine gland
their hormones
 Exocrine Gland DIRECTLY into the
- Have DUCTS that TRANSPORT bloodstream or into
substances to specific locations in the the fluid around the
body. (sweat, mucous & salivary tissues or organs.
glands) (brain, liver and
Endocrine System
 Three Mechanisms of Hormones
- It pertains to the mode of
actions on how hormones were
released by the endocrine
glands.
1. Humoral
2. Neural
3. Hormonal
Endocrine System
 Three Mechanisms of Hormones
 Humoral  Neural  Hormonal
- stimulate the release - stimulate the - stimulate the
of hormones by sensing release of hormones receiving of hormone to
it’s immediate that is triggered by another endocrine
surrounding such as the signal from the gland to release their
blood that includes the nervous system that own hormone that
parathyroid glands and includes the adrenal includes the thyroid and
the pancreas medulla and the the gonads (testis and
hypothalamus ovary)
Different locations of the
Endocrine Glands
1. Found in the Head and the Neck

2. Found in the Digestive System
3. Found in the Reproductive System
1.1 Hypothalamus 1.2 Pituitary gland

-it is a small part of your -are attached to the base of
brain that controls the the hypothalamus that
secretions of the anterior receives neuronal input, it is
pituitary glands and controls divided into ANTERIOR and
the activities of the nervous POSTERIOR LOBES.
system
1.3 Pineal gland 1.5 Parathyroid
-is the small endocrine gland in gland
the brain that produces melatonin
-small endocrine glands
in the daily sleep-wake cycles
that are found at the
back of the thyroid
1.4 Thyroid gland gland that stimulates the
-largest endocrine glands found release of calcium ions
in the neck from the bones
2. Found in the Digestive System
It releases several hormones
1.Gastrin, Ghrelin, Neuropeptide (stomach)
2. Secretin, Cholecystokinin (duodenum)
3. Angiotensinogen, Thrombopoietin, Hepcidin (Liver)
4.Insulin, Glucagon, Somatostatin (Pancreas)
5. Erythropoietin, Calcitriol (kidneys)
6. Glucocorticoids, Mineralocorticoids (adrenal cortex)
7. Ephinephrine and Norephinephrine (adrenal medulla)
3. Found in the Reproductive System
It releases several hormones

1. Androgen, Estradiol and Inhibin(Testis)
2. Progesterone, Estrogen and Inhibin
(ovarian follicle and corpus luteum)
Endocrine System
Nervous System
 It produces
neurotransmitters
 Functions of these neurotransmitters
1. It coordinates the chemical and electrical
impulses
2. It coordinates with hormones
3. It coordinates to different body processes
4. It transmits signals to different parts of the
body
Nervous System
 Two MAJOR DIVISIONS
 Peripheral Nervous  Central Nervous System

System (PNS) (CNS)
-it gathers the signal inside -it evaluates these signals
and outside the body together.
Nervous System
 Two CLASSES of CELLS
 Neurons (Nerve cells)  Neuroglia (Helper cells)

-responsible for -responsible for
communication that protecting, feeding and
transmits electrochemical insulating the nerve cells
signals
Nervous System
 Three basic TYPE OF NEURONS
 AFFERENT  EFFERENT  Interneuron

Neurons Neurons s
(sensory neurons) (motor neurons) -connects the
-transmit signals from -transmit signals from afferent and the
the receptors of the the central nervous efferent neurons
body system to the effectors and carry
of the body information
Nervous System
 It is a SOFT, DELICATE ORGAN found
 BRAIN inside the CRANIAL ACTIVITY
 THREE MAIN REGIONS OF THE
BRAIN  Cerebellum  Diencephalon
 Cerebrum
-largest part that is -provide instructions -middle part of the
brain that has FOUR
concerned with higher for coordination of MAIN REGIONS
brain functions and skeletal muscle (thalamus,
divided into four movement, proper hypothalamus,
lobes balance and posture subthalamus and
Nervous System
Nervous System
 Cerebrum’s Four different LOBES
 Parietal Lobe  Temporal Lobe  Frontal Lobe
-concerned with the -concerned with the -concerned with
movement, perception and reasoning,
orientation, recognition of auditory planning,
recognition, arithmetic stimulus memory and movement,
and perception of speech emotions and
stimuli  Occipital Lobe problem solving
-concerned with your visual
Nervous System
 AFFERENT DIVISION  EFFERENT DIVISION
-CONDUCTS -CONDUCTS impulses
impulses from the from the effectors
receptors (muscles and glands)
(sense organs)
 SENSORY DIVISION  MOTOR DIVISION
-reacts to stimuli by -relays instructions
sending impulses to from CNS to the
other neurons. muscles and glands
Nervous System
 SENSORY DIVISION  MOTOR DIVISION
-DIVIDED INTO TWO: -DIVIDED INTO TWO:
1. SOMATIC SENSORY DIVISION 1. SOMATIC MOTOR DIVISION
(Mechanical stimuli, temp., (includes ALL VOLUNTARY
balance..) efferent neurons)
2. VISCERAL SENSORY DIVISION 2. AUTONOMIC MOTOR
(detecting chemicals, osmolarity..) DIVISION
(includes ALL INVOLUNTARY
efferent neurons)
Nervous System
 AUTONOMIC
DIVISION
-DIVIDED INTO TWO:
1. SYMPATHETIC DIVISION
(forms the fight or flight response)
2. PARASYMPATHETIC DIVISION
(forms the rest and digest
response)
Nervous System
Nervous System
 ORGANIZATION OF THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS
SYSTEM
STIMULUS RECEPTOR CELLS (RECEPTION)
SENSORY NEURONS (CONDUCTION) BRAIN & SPINAL CORD
(INTERPRETATION AND INTEGRATION) MOTOR NEURONS
(CONDUCTION) EFFECTOR CELLS (MUSCLES & GLANDS)
RESPONSE

Endocrine System and Nervous System

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Endocrine System and Nervous System

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Endocrine System

1. Found in the Head and the Neck

1.1 Hypothalamus 1.2 Pituitary gland

It releases several hormones

 Peripheral Nervous  Central Nervous System

 Neurons (Nerve cells)  Neuroglia (Helper cells)

 AFFERENT  EFFERENT  Interneuron

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