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    Ancu3 Sounding 2018 1

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    Titis Angger Pangestu
    The document discusses parameters that can be used for convection analysis and nowcasting of thunderstorms from sounding data. It lists several convective parameters that can be derived from sounding data, including showcation index (SI), Lifted Index (LI), total index, K-index, sweat, and DSB. It states that many convective parameter formulas can be used for local scale prediction and nowcasting.

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    Ancu3 Sounding 2018 1

    Uploaded by

    Titis Angger Pangestu
    29 views20 pages
    The document discusses parameters that can be used for convection analysis and nowcasting of thunderstorms from sounding data. It lists several convective parameters that can be derived from sounding data, including showcation index (SI), Lifted Index (LI), total index, K-index, sweat, and DSB. It states that many convective parameter formulas can be used for local scale prediction and nowcasting.

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    The document discusses parameters that can be used for convection analysis and nowcasting of thunderstorms from sounding data. It lists several convective parameters that can be derived from sounding data, including showcation index (SI), Lifted Index (LI), total index, K-index, sweat, and DSB. It states that many convective parameter formulas can be used for local scale prediction and nowcasting.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    29 views20 pages

    Ancu3 Sounding 2018 1

    Uploaded by

    Titis Angger Pangestu
    The document discusses parameters that can be used for convection analysis and nowcasting of thunderstorms from sounding data. It lists several convective parameters that can be derived from sounding data, including showcation index (SI), Lifted Index (LI), total index, K-index, sweat, and DSB. It states that many convective parameter formulas can be used for local scale prediction and nowcasting.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 20

    PEMANFAATAN DATA SOUNDING DAPAT

    DIGUNAKAN UNTUK ANALISIS AWAN CB


    DAN THUNDERSTORM, DISAMPING ITU
    INDEKS DARI DATA RASON DIKENAL
    JUGA DENGAN SEBUTAN PARAMETER
    KONVEKTIF
    PARAMETER KONVEKTIF ANTARA LAIN :
    - SI
    - LI
    - TOTA INDEKX
    - K INDEK
    - SWEAT
    - DSB…..
    BANYAK SEKALI RUMUSAN PARAMTER KONVEKTIF YG
    DPT DIMANFAATKAN UTK KEPERLUAN PREDIKSI SKALA
    LOKAL ATAU NOWCASTING
    What conditions
    make the air unstable?
    • Warming of surface air
    – Solar heating of ground
    – Warm “advection” near surface
    – Air moving over a warm surface
    (e.g., a warm body of water)

    • Cooling of air aloft


    – Cold “advection” aloft (thunder-snow!)
    – Radiative cooling of air/clouds aloft
    What conditions
    make the air stable?
    • Radiative cooling of surface at night

    • Advection of cold air near the surface

    • Air moving over a cold surface (e.g., snow)

    • Warming of the air due to compression from


    subsidence (sinking)
    PEMAHAMAN MELALUI SKEW T
    Stable and Unstable Air
    Characteristic Stable Air Unstable Air

    Lapse Rate Shallow Steep

    Cloud Type Stratus Type Cumulus Type

    Uniform Intensity
    Precipitation Showers
    including drizzle
    Poor low level (Fog Good, except in
    Visibility
    may occur) precipitation
    Steady winds which
    Wind can change with Gusty
    height
    Generally smooth Turbulence may be
    Turbulence
    flying conditions moderate to severe
    Static Stability Indices – CAPE and Vertical Velocity

    maximum is seldom realized


    due to entrainment and water
    loading
    Bulk Richardson Number
    Represents the ratio of buoyancy (as measured by CAPE)
    and the vertical wind shear. As we have noted, CAPE
    relates to updraft strength. Storm structure and movement
    are related to the vertical wind shear.
    Bulk Richardson Number
    • BRN < 10 ~ much more shear
    than buoyancy and storms tend
    to be torn apart by the shear
    • exception: in strongly forced,
    high-shear, low-CAPE
    environments where supercells
    are observed with BRN < 10
    • 10 < BRN < 35 ~ balance
    between shear and buoyancy
    favor supercells
    • BRN > 50 ~ buoyancy
    dominates over shear and
    single- or multi-cell storms are
    more likely to be observed
    S INDEKS
    Metode single station di daerah midlatitude
    Sangat Tidak
    Kategori Faktor Dominan Mendukung Mendukung Biasa Mendukung
    pergerakan massa udara
    lapisan bawah (konvergen,
    front) Kuat Sedang Lemah tidak ada
    2 x Sqrt(CAPE) + SR –
    Inflow (Sqrt = akar
    Inisialisasi /potensi Badai kuadrat) > 125kts 100 - 125 80 - 99 < 80
    Kuat/Severe Strom 400 - 700mb > 30 20-29 19 < 12
    Ketinggian lapisan beku
    updraft atau lingkungan 11,500 - 14,000 - 16,000
    Hail besar (AGL) < 11,000 ft 13,500 ft ft 17,000 ft
    Ketebalan/intensitas - Kuat, meso - Sedang, - Meso
    mesocyclone tebal meso tebal lemah/tipis - Tanpa meso
    Depresi titik embun
    (Dewpt) lapisan 500 – 700
    mb (C) > 7.5 6.5-7.5 5.5-6.5 < 5.5
    Lapse Rate lapisan 850 –
    500 mb (C/km) > 25 -43 -30 - <12
    Angin Yang Merusak
    Sfc thetaE-lowest thetaE
    pada lapisan 400 – 700 mb
    (K) >6 4-6 3-4 <3
    Perubahan tekanan
    permukaan 3 jam (mb) > 15 10-15 5-10 <5
    400 - 700 mb > 30 kts 20-29kts 10-19kts < 10 kts
    Tornado Depresi titik embun
    terendah lapisan 50 – 100 12-18F (6- 19-27F (10 -
    mb < 11F (6C) 10C) 15C) >27F (15C)

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