European Colonialism

UNIT 1: Cultural Contact and American Colonial
Development (1491-1754)
Lesson 1:European Exploration

& Colonization
Do Now:
How can political, economic and social
pressures drive cultural interactions?
Objectives
Compare and contrast motivations behind
European colonial settlement.
The Renaissance
A rebirth of Greek and Roman
ideals and a rebirth of Europe.
Artists and sculptors of the
Renaissance studied the more
realistic art of Rome.
They used live models to help
portray the human body.
Artists such as Leonardo da
Vinci and Michelangelo
flourished during this time
Intellectual ideas such as the
study of history, literature, and
philosophy spread
Started in northern Italy
(Florence and Milan) and
spread north into northern
Europe (esp. France, England,
and Germany)
Leonardos
da Vincis
Mona Lisa
Michelangelos
Pieta
The Scientific Revolution

1550-1700
Mathematicians, astronomers, biologists, physicists, and
botanists made observations and discoveries.
Galileo proved that the Milky Way contained many distant
stars
Francis Bacon helped to create the Scientific Method.
Isaac Newton explains the laws of gravity
Galileo
Francis Bacon
Isaac Newton
Results of the Renaissance & the Scientific Revolution

Brought big changes to Europe.
European countries began to
compete with one another for
natural resources and trade power
Wanted spices, gold, and other
riches.
Improved shipbuilding and
navigational tools allowed for long
sea voyages.
Assessment # 1
1. The Renaissance was a rebirth of
which ideals?
a. Greek and Italian b. German
c. Greek and Roman
d. Italian
Assessment #2
1.
a.
b.
c.
d.
The Renaissance began in

southern Italy and then spread south
northern Italy and moved into Europe.
northern Italy and then spread south
southern Italy and did not spread
The Age of Exploration
The Age of Exploration was a time of

discovery of new lands, innovations in
cartography (map making) and trade, and
the exchange of cultures and ideas from
distant lands.
What were the

Reasons for Exploration?
Europeans
wanted glory for
themselves and
their nations
To find sea
routes to Africa
and Asia
Silk, spices, gold,
silver, or other
precious stones
To expand their
knowledge of the
world
Build and control larger

empires
Expand the Christian
religions (Catholicism
and the Protestant
faiths)
Find natural resources for
their newly created
factories.
Open up new markets for
their newly created
products.
Assessment Point #3-5 (Small Group)

1. What were some of the reasons why
Europeans wanted to explore the world?
2. What were some of the natural resources
Europeans wanted?
3. How would the expeditions help their
countries?
4. What do think Europe would be like today if
the explorers had not discovered new lands and
new resources?
L
P
X
E
R
O
S
R
E
Christopher Columbus
An Italian explorer and
trader who sailed for
Spain.
Columbus crossed the
Atlantic Ocean and
reached the Americas
in 1492.
His voyage marked the
beginning of European
exploration and the
colonization of the
Americas.
Prince Henry the Navigator

Prince Henry the
Navigator was a
Portuguese prince who
sponsored many
expeditions along
Africa's west coast.
Became governor of
Portugals
southernmost coasts
Wanted to establish
colonies and break the
Muslim hold on trade
routes.
Henry studied navigation, mapmaking, and

established a naval observatory
He started a sugar cane plantation; it
needed a lot of laborers so he imported
slaves from Africa.
This plan so successful,
it was copied in the
New World.
Assessment Point #6
How did Prince Henrys plan of using
slaves on his Sugar Plantation in Portugal
effect American history?
James Cook
In 1770, British
explorer James Cook,
became the first
European to explore
the fertile Eastern
coast of Australia.
He made charts of
Australia and many
other Pacific Islands.
Assessment Point #7-9

Think about he voyages these explorers
took.
1. Discuss with a neighbor what you think
life as a sailor would be like.
2. What types of hardships do you think
they faced?
3. Would you like to have went on an
exploration voyage like that?
European Empires
Spain & Portugal

Spain and Portugal (both
Catholic nations) claimed
land in the New World
The Pope (the leader of
the Catholic Church)
drew lines separating the
territories of Portugal and
Spain.
The Portuguese Empire
included Brazil and the
west coast of Africa
The Spanish Empire
controlled parts of Europe
and the Americas
The Netherlands
The Dutch East Indies
Company began trading in
the Spice Islands in the early
1600s
Had trading posts in North
America, the Caribbean, and
southern Africa
Sold goods to the French,
English, and Spanish
colonists
British took control of many
of the Netherlands markets
Britain
France
England had colonies in

North America and the
Caribbean and controlled
the coast of India
In 1788 they sent 1,ooo
people to Australia, most of
whom were prisoners
The prisoners raised crops,
built roads, and constructed
buildings
After getting out of prison
many stayed and built farms
or settled in the towns
growing along the coasts.
Included North America,

Asia, and the West Indies
Lost most of its territory to
Britain but still controlled
parts of SE Asia and parts of
western Afrcia
Closure Reflection
With all these explorers arriving to America, predict what
impact this could have on America and on the rest of the
world.
How can political, economic and social pressures drive
cultural interactions?

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UNIT 1: Cultural Contact and American Colonial

Lesson 1:European Exploration

The Scientific Revolution

Results of the Renaissance & the Scientific Revolution

The Renaissance began in

The Age of Exploration

The Age of Exploration was a time of

What were the

Build and control larger

Assessment Point #3-5 (Small Group)

Prince Henry the Navigator

Henry studied navigation, mapmaking, and

Assessment Point #7-9

Spain & Portugal

England had colonies in

Included North America,

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