Flowers serve as the location for sexual reproduction in angiosperms and have co-evolved with pollinators in a symbiotic relationship. Most flowers contain petals, sepals, stamens, and pistils. Petals are brightly colored and provide a surface and rewards for pollinators. Sepals protect the flower bud. Stamens are the male structure that produce pollen. Pistils are the female structure that receive pollen and contain ovules for fertilization. Flowers can be complete or incomplete, perfect or imperfect, and found on monoecious or dioecious plants. Flowering is influenced by photoperiodism where the critical period of darkness triggers flowering to ensure all plants of
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Flowers serve as the location for sexual reproduction in angiosperms and have co-evolved with pollinators in a symbiotic relationship. Most flowers contain petals, sepals, stamens, and pistils. Petals are brightly colored and provide a surface and rewards for pollinators. Sepals protect the flower bud. Stamens are the male structure that produce pollen. Pistils are the female structure that receive pollen and contain ovules for fertilization. Flowers can be complete or incomplete, perfect or imperfect, and found on monoecious or dioecious plants. Flowering is influenced by photoperiodism where the critical period of darkness triggers flowering to ensure all plants of
Flowers serve as the location for sexual reproduction in angiosperms and have co-evolved with pollinators in a symbiotic relationship. Most flowers contain petals, sepals, stamens, and pistils. Petals are brightly colored and provide a surface and rewards for pollinators. Sepals protect the flower bud. Stamens are the male structure that produce pollen. Pistils are the female structure that receive pollen and contain ovules for fertilization. Flowers can be complete or incomplete, perfect or imperfect, and found on monoecious or dioecious plants. Flowering is influenced by photoperiodism where the critical period of darkness triggers flowering to ensure all plants of
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
Flowers serve as the location for sexual reproduction in angiosperms and have co-evolved with pollinators in a symbiotic relationship. Most flowers contain petals, sepals, stamens, and pistils. Petals are brightly colored and provide a surface and rewards for pollinators. Sepals protect the flower bud. Stamens are the male structure that produce pollen. Pistils are the female structure that receive pollen and contain ovules for fertilization. Flowers can be complete or incomplete, perfect or imperfect, and found on monoecious or dioecious plants. Flowering is influenced by photoperiodism where the critical period of darkness triggers flowering to ensure all plants of
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Chapter 24.
2 Flowers & Flowering
Why flowers? location for sexual reproduction in Angiosperms co-evolved with the pollinators symbiotic relationship all species involved benefit!
Flower Anatomy Many sizes, shapes and colors Most contain the following organs in some shape or form Petals Sepals Stamens Pistols
Petals Usually brightly colored Often have perfume or nectar at the base Provide surface for pollinators to rest on as they feed All of the petals together are called the corolla
Sepals Usually found in a ring at the base or outermost portion of the flower Serve as protective covering for the flower bud
All of the sepals together are called the calyx
Stamen male reproductive structure
Made up of the anther and filament The anther is found at the tip of the filament this is where pollen is produced The number of stamens varies from flower to flower
Pistil/Carpel female reproductive structure
Made up of the Stigma, Style and Ovary The stigma is at the top of the pistil. Its role is to receive the pollen
The style connects the stigma to the ovary
The ovary is at the base. It contains ovules that produce eggs The number of ovaries varies in flowers
Complete vs Incomplete Flowers Perfect vs Imperfect Flower
Complete flowers: pistils, stamens, sepals and petals Incomplete flower: lacking any of the parts Perfect flower: has both pistils and stamens Imperfect flower: lacks either pistils or stamens
Monoecious vs Dioecious Monoecious separate male and female flowers on the same plant Ex. Corn, pecans, walnuts, cucumbers, and squash Dioecious separate male and female plants Ex. Holly, ginkgo, pistachio, and marijuana
Photoperiodism Photoperiodism: response of flowering plants to daily daylight-darkness conditions Ensures all plants of the same species bloom at the same time
Critical Period The specific daylight-darkness conditions that will make flowering begin Day length is not what matters amount of darkness is what matters The names are misleading the categories were named before scientists realized it was darkness, not light, that prompted flowering
4 Categories Short-day: daylight is shorter than critical period asters, poinsettias, strawberries Long-day: daylight is longer than critical period carnations, petunias, potatoes Day neutral flowers over a range of daylight hours, day length is not what induces flowering Intermediate day will not flower if days are longer or shorter than critical period sugarcane and grass
