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    Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA)

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    Dr. Saad B. H. Farid
    Differential thermal analysis (DTA) is a thermal analysis technique where the temperature difference between a sample and an inert reference material is measured as both are subjected to identical heat treatments. DTA can detect any physical or chemical changes in a sample, such as fusion, melting, crystallization, oxidation or decomposition, that are associated with changes in heat flow or temperature. The technique provides a characteristic thermal signature that can be used to identify materials. DTA has advantages of being able to analyze materials at very high temperatures and having high sensitivity, though estimations of heat effects have uncertainty of 20-50%.

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    Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA)

    Uploaded by

    Dr. Saad B. H. Farid
    1K views21 pages
    Differential thermal analysis (DTA) is a thermal analysis technique where the temperature difference between a sample and an inert reference material is measured as both are subjected to identical heat treatments. DTA can detect any physical or chemical changes in a sample, such as fusion, melting, crystallization, oxidation or decomposition, that are associated with changes in heat flow or temperature. The technique provides a characteristic thermal signature that can be used to identify materials. DTA has advantages of being able to analyze materials at very high temperatures and having high sensitivity, though estimations of heat effects have uncertainty of 20-50%.

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    DTA Characterization

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    Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA).ppt

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    Differential thermal analysis (DTA) is a thermal analysis technique where the temperature difference between a sample and an inert reference material is measured as both are subjected to identical heat treatments. DTA can detect any physical or chemical changes in a sample, such as fusion, melting, crystallization, oxidation or decomposition, that are associated with changes in heat flow or temperature. The technique provides a characteristic thermal signature that can be used to identify materials. DTA has advantages of being able to analyze materials at very high temperatures and having high sensitivity, though estimations of heat effects have uncertainty of 20-50%.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    1K views21 pages

    Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA)

    Uploaded by

    Dr. Saad B. H. Farid
    Differential thermal analysis (DTA) is a thermal analysis technique where the temperature difference between a sample and an inert reference material is measured as both are subjected to identical heat treatments. DTA can detect any physical or chemical changes in a sample, such as fusion, melting, crystallization, oxidation or decomposition, that are associated with changes in heat flow or temperature. The technique provides a characteristic thermal signature that can be used to identify materials. DTA has advantages of being able to analyze materials at very high temperatures and having high sensitivity, though estimations of heat effects have uncertainty of 20-50%.

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    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
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    DIFFERENTIAL THERMAL ANALYSIS (DTA)

    Presented By Mr. Shaise Jacob Faculty Dept. of Pharmaceutical Analysis Nirmala College of Pharmacy Muvattupuzha, Kerala India E mail - [email protected]

    Thermal Analysis Techniques


    When a material is heated its structural and chemical composition can undergo changes such as fusion, melting, crystallization, oxidation, decomposition, transition, expansion and sintering.
    Using Thermal Analysis such changes can be monitored in every atmosphere of interest. The obtained information is very useful in both quality control and problem solving.

    Types of thermal analysis


    TG (Thermogravimetric) analysis: weight DTA (Differential Thermal Analysis): temperature DSC (Differential ScanningCalorimetry): temperature

    In Differential Thermal Analysis, the temperature difference that develops between a sample and an inert reference material is measured, when both are subjected to identical heat - treatments. The related technique of Differential Scanning Calorimetry relies on differences in energy required to maintain the sample and reference at an identical temperature.

    Thermogravimetry (TG)
    Thermogravimetry is the measurement of the mass of a sample as the temperature increases. This method is useful for determining sample purity and water, carbonate, and organic content; and for studying decomposition reactions.

    INTRODUCTION This is a comparison method Analytical method for recording the difference in temperature (T) b/w a substance and an inert reference material as a function of temperature or time Any transformation change in specific heat or an enthaply of transition can be detected by DTA

    In DTA both test sample & an inert reference material (alumina) controlled heating or cooling programming If zero temperature difference b/w sample & reference material sample does not undergo any chemical or physical change. If any reaction takes place temperature difference (T) will occur b/w sample & reference material

    A DTA curve can be used as a finger print for identification purposes, for example, in the study of clays where the structural similarity of different forms renders diffraction experiments difficult to interpret.

    T VS Temp.

    Sharp Endothermic changes in crystallanity or fusion Broad endotherms - dehydration reaction Physical changes usually result in endothermic curves Chemical reactions are exothermic

    Apparatus
    The key features of a differential thermal analysis kit are as follows 1. Sample holder comprising thermocouples, sample containers and a ceramic or metallic block. 2. Furnace. 3. Temperature programmer. 4. Recording system.

    Heart of the analysis heating block Identical pair of cavities for the sample, ref. material Whole unit is set in an oven- control pressure Thermocouple is place directly in contact with the sample and another in contact with the reference Temp.of the block is raised, the temperature of the sample & reference follow Zero temp. difference no physical or chemical change If any reaction difference in T

    Differential Thermal Analysis


    advantages: instruments can be used at very high temperatures instruments are highly sensitive characteristic temperatures determined disadvantages: uncertainty of heats of fusion, transition, or reaction estimations is 20-50% transition or reaction can be accurately
    DTA

    Factors affect results in DTA


    Sample weight Particle size Heating rate Atmospheric conditions Conditions of sample packing into dishes

    Applications
    Quantitative identification and purity assessment of materials are accomplished by comparing the DTA curve of sample to that of a reference curve Impurities may be detected by depression of the M.P

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