1.

(c) EQ W E m
W= or = =Z =
Given: Λ∘m (NaCl) = F Q F 3
126.4Scm2 mol−1 , Λ∘m (HCl) =
425.9Scm2 mol−1 and Λ∘m (NaA) = 6. (d)-125.5 JK-1
dE
100.5Scm2 mol−1 S = + nF
dt
Λ∘m (HA) = λ∘H+ + λ∘A− = 2 x 96500 x (-0.00065)
=-125.5 JK-1
= λ∘H+ + λ∘Cl− + λ∘A− + λ∘Na+ − λ∘Cl−
− λ∘Na+ 7. (a)
K p = K C (RT)Δ𝑛9
= Λ∘m (HCl) + Λ∘m (NaA) − Λ∘m (NaCl)Λ∘m (HA)
= K C (RT)1−3/2
= 429.5 − 126.4 + 100.5 = K C (RT)−1/2
= 400Scm2 mol−1 ⇒ K C = K p (RT)1/2
κ(HA) = 5 × 10−5 Scm−1
8. (b)
κ(HA) × 1000 5 × 10−5 × 1000
Λm (HA) = =
Molality of HA 0.001 C
A(g) ⇌ B(g) + ( g)
2 −1 2
= 50 S cm mol 𝛼
t = t eq (1 − 𝛼) 𝛼
Λ m (HA) 50 2
𝛼
α= ∘ = = 0.125 𝛼 (1 − 𝛼)
Λ m (HA) 400 PB = 𝛼 ⋅ P, PA = 𝛼 ⋅ P, PC =
2
𝛼 ⋅P
(1 + ) (1 + ) (1 + )
2. (c) 2 2 2
1
0 2.303RT 0 0.059V PB ⋅ PC2
Ecell = log K C or Ecell = log K C KP =
nF n
PA
3 1
0.059V (𝛼)2 (P)2
= log 1016 = 0.4736 V = 1
2 (1 − 𝛼)(2 + 𝛼)2
3. (d) 20.16
1 F → 11.2L Cl2 at STP
9.65  5  60  60 9. (c) -0.036 V
 No. of Faradays = = 1.8 Fe3+ + e- → Fe2+; G10 = - 1 x F x 0.77
96500
yoouu Fe2+ + 2e- → Fe; G20 = 2 x F x 0.44
Volume of C12 at STP = 1.8 x 11.2 L = 20.16 Fe3+ + 3e- → Fe; G30 = -3 x F x E°
L
=0.11 V
−0.11
4. (a)  E0 = = −0.036V
3
We know that, K p = K c . (RT)Δng
10. (b)
∴If Δng ≠ 0 then K p ≠ K c
Conductivity of an electrolyte is the
Now, 2C(s) + O2 (g) ⇌ 2CO(g) conductance of 1 cm3 of the given
Δng = +1 electrolyte. It increases with the increase
⇒ K p = K c (RT)1 in concentration of electrolyte due to
Hence, K p ≠ K c increase in the number of ions per unit
5. (b) m/3 volume. Molar conductivity (λm ) is the
Total current passed in 30 sec = Area of conductance of a solution containing 1
current-time curve
mole of the electrolyte. It increases with
1
= ( x 100 x 10) + (100 x 10) + (100 x 10) + ( the decrease of concentration due to
2
1 increase in the total volume having one
x 100 x 10)
2 mole of electrolyte. Thus, interionic
= 3 x 100 x 10mA x s attraction increses and degree of
= 3000 x 10-3 amp s = 3 C
 ionisation decreases. Therefore, (S1 ) is and volume would also be constant so no changeis
observed.
wrong and (S2 ) is correct.

16. (a)
11. (c)
ECl0 − = +1.36V
2 / Cl
The electrolyte (X) must be weak electrolyte. So x
is CH3 COOH EI0 / I − = +0.54V
2

0
E Ag + = +0.80V
12. (a) 0.38 M / Ag
1.93  50  60
No. of Faraday= = = 0.06
0
ENa +
/ Na
= −2.71V
96500
Moles of Zn2+ deposited =
80 0.06
 = 0.024 ELi0 + / Li = −3.05V
100 2
0.5  0.2 − 0.024
  Zn 2+  = = 0.38M 17. (a)
0.2

13. (b)
n
K p = K c (RT)Δ g

Δng = No. of gaseous moles of products − No.

2 × 0.34 = 𝐸°1 + 1 × 0.522
of gaseous moles of reactants
𝐸°1 = 0.68 − 0.522
Kp ng
= (RT)Δ 𝐸°1 = 0.158
Kc
N2 (g) + O2 (g) ⇌ 2NO(g), Δng = 0
= (24.62 dm3 atm mol−1 )0 = 1 18. (d) 2.14
N2 O4 (g) ⇌ 2NO2 (g), Δng = 1 At equilibrium
Ecell = 0
Kp 0
Ecell = 0.01V
= 24.62 dm3 atm mol−1
Kc Sn + Pb2+ → Sn2+ + Pb
N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) ⇌ 2NH3 (g), Δng = −2 0.06
Ecell = Ecell 0
− log Q
Kp n
= (24.62 dm−6 atm−2 mol−2 )−2  Sn 2+ 
Kc .06
0 = 0.01 − log
1 2  Pb2+ 
=
(24.62 dm atm mol−1 )2
2
 Sn 2+ 
.06
= 1.65 × 10−3 dm−6 atm−2 mol−2 0.01 = log
2  Pb 2+ 

14. (a) 400 mho cm 2 g eq-1 1  Sn 2+ 

= log
eq = k 
100 1 1 1000
=   3  Pb 2+ 
N R a N
1 1000  Sn 2+  1

=  cell cons tan t  = 10 3

= 2.14
R N  Pb 2+ 
1 1000
=  0.88 
220 0.1 19. (b)
= 400 mho cm2geq-1 20. (c)

15. (b) Theory Based

∵Given reaction is endothermic
∴On decreasing temperature backward reaction 21. (b)
will be favoured. C6 H 5COOH + NaOH → C6 H 5COONa + H 2O
On adding 𝑁2 pressure is increased at constant T (WA) ( SB ) ( Salt )
 25. (a)
Equilibrium constant has no relation
with catalyst. Catalyst only affects the
rate of the reaction.

Catalyst V2 O5 in the given reaction, is used to

(A) → (B)Free H+ ions are replaced by Na+ speed up the reaction.
which decreases conductance.
(B) → (C) Un-dissociated benzoic acid reacts 26. (b)
with NaOH and forms salt which increases At equilibrium,
ions & conductance increases. rate of forward reaction = Rate of backward
(C) → (D) After equivalence point at (c), NaOH reaction
•
added further increases Na+ & OH ions
which further increases the conductance.
27. (c) Equilibrium can be achieved from either direction.

22. (c) As CO 2 is gas it escapes out and thus reverse reaction is BaSO4 ( s ) Ba 2+ ( aq ) + SO2− ( aq )
not possible.
28. (c)
s s
K sp = s 2
23. (c)
Ag 2CrO4 2Ag + + CrO24−
Millimoles of Au = 0.1 × 250 = 25
+
25 1 2s s
Mole of Au+ = =
K sp = ( 2s ) s = 4s3
100 40 2

Charge passed = 1 × 𝑡 = 1 × 15 × 60 = 900𝐶

900 9 Al(OH)3 Al3+ + 3OH −
Moles of 𝑒 − passed = 96500 = 965
s 3s
Only gold will be deposited as quantity of charge
K sp = s  ( 3s ) = 27s 4
3
passed is less than the amount of Au+ present.
Zr3 ( PO4 )4 3Zr 4+ + 4PO34−
24. (c) Conductivity always decreases with the decrease
in concentration both, for weak and strong 3s 4s
electrolytes.
K sp = ( 3s ) ( 4s ) = 6912s 7
3 4

29. (a)The intensity of red colour decreases when oxalic acid is

added to a solution containing iron (III) nitrate and potassium
thiocyanate as concentration of  Fe ( SCN ) 
2+
decreases.

30. (a) 1.11 x 10-11

Saturated solution corresponding to infinite
dilution
This can be explained by the fact that the number
 0m for salt = M0 ( NH ) Br + + H0 2 PO − = 100Sm2 mole-1
of ions per unit volume that carry the current 3 4 2 2

in a solution decreases on dilution. + 50 S m2 mol-1 = 150 S m2 mol-1

Molar conductivity of a strong and weak 1 1 −1 −1 1 −1 −1
electrolyte increases with dilution. On = =  cm =  m
 200 2
dilution as volume of solution increases.
1 −1 −1
Thus, on dilution, ions get more apart and  m

mobility of ions increases which leads to  0m ( salt ) = = 2
increase in molar conductivity of the s s moles m −3
solution.
s ( moles m−3 ) =
1 1
= = 3.33  10−3
Except (B) and (E), all statements are correct. 2  150 300
s ( moles L−1 ) = 3.33  10−6
 K sp = ( 3.33  10−6 ) pH = − log H + = − log (1.34 10−3 ) = 3 − log1.34 = 3‐
2

= 1.11  10 −11 M 2 0.127 = 2.873

31. (b) 37. (d)

32. (c) Given that:
Given, S + O2 ⇌ SO2 … (i); K1 = 1052
Pt (s) ∣ H2 (g, 1 bar )/HCl(aq) ∥ AgCl(s)/Ag(s)
2S + 3O2 ⇌ 2SO3 … (ii) ; K 2 = 10 129 ∣ Pt(s)
2SO2 + O2 ⇌ 2SO3 … (iii) ; K =? Ecell = 0.92 V
∘ ∘
To get equation (iii) follow (ii) − 2 (i), Now, Ecell = EH +
2 (g)/H (aq)
+ EAgCl(s) /Ag(s), Cl− −
2S + 3O2 → 2SO3 K = 10129 0.06
log Q
n
−(2 S + 2O2 → 2SO2 k = 10104 ) 1
Cell reaction: 2 H2 (g) ⟶ H + (aq) + e−
O2 → 2SO3 − 2SO2 K = 1025
or 2SO2 + O2 → 2SO3 K = 1025 AgCl(s) + e− ⟶ Ag(s) + Cl− (aq)
Net cell reaction:
33. (d) 1
H (g) + AgCl(s) ⟶ Ag(s) + H + + Cl− (aq)
nFE∘cell 2 2
We know that, ln K = RT [H + ][Cl− ]
∴Q= 1/2
After putting the given values, we get (PH2 )
2 × 96000 × 2 Here, 10−6 molal HCl solution is used
ln K = = 160
8 × 300 10−6 ×10−6
So, Q = = 10−12
∴ K = e160 1

34. (a) (assuming molality = molarity)

N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) ⇌ 2NH3 (g)K C ∘ 0.06
Now, 0.92 = EAgCl(s) /Ag(s), Cl− − log 10−12
1 1
2NH3 (g) ⇌ N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) ∘
KC EAgCl(s)/Ag(s),Cl− = 0.92 + [0.06 × (−12)]
For
1 3 1 = 0.92 − 0.72 = 0.20 V
NH3 (g) ⇌ N2 (g) + H2 (g) 1/2
2 2 KC
1 1 1 38. (a) Mn, Ni and Cd metals used in battery industries.
1/2
= = 39. Bonus
𝑘 (64)1/2 8
C
In general, ionic mobility increases with the
35. (a) increases in temperature.
∘
ΔG∘ = −nFEcell Conductance (NaCl) > Conductance (BaSO4 )
sparing soluble salt.
= −2(96000)2V = −384000 J/mol
= −384 kJ/mol 40. (b) Ni < Zn < Mg < Ca
36. (d) Reducing power oc Tendency to undergo
HCOOH + H 2O H3O +
+ HCOO −
oxidation
Initial 0.01 0 0 1
At equilibrium 0.01 − x x x reduction potential values
2 So, reducing power decreases as Ca > Mg >
X
Ka = Zn > Ni
( 0.01 − x )
x  0.01 thus 0.01 − x  0.01 41. (c) The lining of our stomach secretes approx. 1.2‐1.51L/day
and tamarind contains tartaric acid not ascorbic and citric
X2
= 1.8 10−4  X 2 = 1.8 10−6 acid.
0.01
x = 1.34  10−3
42. (d) According to Le Chatelier’s principle, on increasing the 1
pressure equilibrium shifts to left since the volume of the Cathode: H 2O + e− → H 2 + OH −
2
gaseous products is increasing in the given reaction.
Hydrogen and oxygen are electrode products. The
remaining solution contain NaOH.
43. (d)N2O4 (g) 2NO2.
Hence, HC1 is not obtained
moles t=0, 1 0 48. (c)
moles at eq. 1– 2 Ag + (aq) + Fe2+ (aq) ⟶ Fe3+ (aq) + Ag(s)
2
 2  0
Ecell 0
= EAg 0
+ /Ag − EFe3+ /Fe2+
 P 2
+  4
= 
(1 )
KP = × P.
1–  1– 2
P
1+ 
Let total pressure at eq. = P.
4 2
or KP = × P.
1– 2
When volume is halved, P is double.
  will change as KP is independent of EFe
0
3+ /Fe2+ = 3z − 2y
pressure change. 0
EAg+/Ag = x (given)
0
Ecell = x − 3z + 2y
44. (a) CaF  Ca 2+ + 2F−
2
49. (a)
Zn + 2Ag + ⟶ 2Ag + Zn2+ (n = 2e− ) s(2s + 0.l) (0.l fromNaF )
∘ ∘ ) ∘ K sp = s ( 2s + 0.1) = 2s 2 + 0.1s 0. 1s  2s 2 thus
Ecell = (ER.P cathode − (ER.P )anode
K sp = 0.1s
= 0.80 − (−0.76) = 1.56V for 2e− 5.3 10−11
s = K sp / 0.1 = = 5.3 10−10 mol / L
∘ 1.56 0.1
∴ Ecell for 1e− = = 0.78 V
2
50. (a)
45. (d) Since, KCl is more conducting than NaCl,
𝐻2 𝐶2 𝑂 ⇇ 𝐻 + + 𝐻𝐶2 𝑂4− 𝐾𝑎1 therefore, graph (1) is correct.
𝐻2 𝐶2 𝑂4− ⇇ 𝐻 + + 𝐶2 𝑂42− 𝐾𝑎2
𝐻2 𝐶2 𝑂4 ⇇ 2𝐻 + + 𝐶2 𝑂42− 𝐾𝑎3 = 𝐾𝑎1 × 𝐾𝑎2

46. (c) The stability of M+ ions in aqueous medium

depends on three factors: (i) Enthalpy of
atomisation (ii) First ionisation enthalpies of
isolated gaseous atom (iii) Hydration enthalpy.
An element in M+ state in aqueous medium is
stabler if the electrode potential (M+/M)
value of more negative. Down the group, the
tendency to form M+ ion increases. In this
process, ionisation of solid metal is not
involved in this process.
47. (b) The aqueous solution of sodium chloride is
known as brine solution. On electrolysis of brine
solution, the following reactions are observed.
Oxidation reaction takes place at anode and
reduction reaction takes place at cathode.
The reaction
1
Anode: 2OH − → O2 + H 2O + 2e −
2