chapter 5 notes

Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
1. Metals are typically good ________ of heat and electricity.

o Answer: conductors
2. The ability of metals to be hammered into thin sheets is known as ________.
o Answer: malleability
3. The property that allows metals to be drawn into wires is called ________.
o Answer: ductility
4. Most metals have a ________ melting point, meaning they require a lot of heat to change
from solid to liquid.
o Answer: high
5. Metals tend to have a ________ luster, which means they reflect light well.
o Answer: shiny
6. Metals are generally ________ than non-metals, meaning they have a higher density.
o Answer: heavier
7. When metals react with oxygen, they often form ________.
o Answer: oxides
8. ___________ is a mixture of metals
o Answer: alloy
9. ___________ is an alloy of copper and tin
o Answer: bronze
10. Steel is a mixture of _____________ and carbon.
o Answer: iron
11. Pure metals are _____________ to handle
o Answer: soft
12. Acids are ________
o Answer: corrosive
13. Many ___________________________ contain alkalis
o Answer : cleaning materials
14. Many chemicals are _________________.
o Answer : hazardous
15. _________________shows how acidic or alkaline a substance is.
o Answer: universal indicator.
16. Ph value of water is _________.
o Answer: 7
2-mark questions:
1. What is the significance of ductility in metals?
Answer: Ductility allows metals to be drawn into wires without breaking. This property
is essential for applications such as electrical wiring and cables.
2. Describe how the conductivity of metals is useful in everyday applications.
Answer: Metals are excellent conductors of electricity, making them essential for
electrical wiring and circuits. Their ability to conduct heat also makes them useful for
cookware and heating elements.
3. What is the difference between malleability and brittleness in metals?

Answer: Malleability is the ability of a metal to be hammered or rolled into thin sheets
without breaking, while brittleness is the tendency of a material to break or shatter when
subjected to stress. Malleable metals can be reshaped, whereas brittle metals cannot.
4. What does 24 carat gold mean?

Answer : 24 carat gold means 24 parts of 24 are gold.
5. Why is an alloy of aluminium used for making planes instead of aluminium?

Answer :An alloy of aluminium used for making planes instead of aluminium because
pure aluminium is not strong enough and the plane’s wings would fall of because of the
what does litmus do when added to great stress put on them during flight.
6. What is duralumin?
Answer :Duralumin is an alloy obtained by adding magnesium and copper,
7. Name two foods that contain acids

Answer: lemon and orange contain acids
8. What does litmus do when it is added to sodium hydroxide?why?

Answer: the solution turns blue because sodium hydroxide is an alkali.
9. What is the pH value of water? Why water has that value?

Answer: pH value of water is 7 because water is neutral
10. Which colour does a universal indicator turn in acids and alkalis
Strong acid - red
Weak acid - yellow
Neutral - green
Weak alkali - blue
Strong alkali - purple
5-mark questions:
1. List 10 metals.
1. Iron (Fe)
2. Aluminum (Al)
3. Copper (Cu)
4. Gold (Au)
5. Silver (Ag)
6. Lead (Pb)
7. Zinc (Zn)
8. Nickel (Ni)
9. Titanium (Ti)
10. Steel (an alloy primarily of iron)
2. List 10 non metals

1. Oxygen (O)
2. Nitrogen (N)
3. Carbon (C)
4. Sulfur (S)
5. Phosphorus (P)
6. Chlorine (Cl)
7. Fluorine (F)
8. Bromine (Br)
9. Iodine (I)
10. Argon (Ar)
3. Give the general properties of metals
1. Conductivity: Metals are excellent conductors of heat and electricity due to the
presence of free-moving electrons.
2. Malleability: Metals can be hammered or rolled into thin sheets without breaking.
3. Ductility: Metals can be drawn into wires without losing their strength.
4. Luster: Metals have a shiny appearance when polished or cut.
5. Density: Most metals have high density, meaning they are heavy for their size.
6. Melting and Boiling Points: Metals generally have high melting and boiling points,
which allows them to maintain their form under heat.
7. Strength: Metals have high tensile and compressive strength, making them
suitable for structural applications.
8. Hardness: Metals can vary in hardness; some are very hard (like tungsten) while
others are softer (like lead).
4. Compare metals and non metals.
Metals Non-Metals
1.Good conductors of heat and electricity Poor conductors (insulators)
2.Malleable (can be shaped) Brittle (break when shaped)
3.Ductile (can be drawn into wires) Not ductile
4.Shiny luster Dull appearance
5.Generally high density Usually lower density
Generally low melting and boiling
6.High melting and boiling points
points
7.Mostly solid (except mercury) Solid, liquid, or gas
5. Explain in detail how alloys are used in everyday life?

alloys are used in everyday life:
Coins :
Pure metals are soft to withstand all the wear and tear of the coins. So alloys are
used . silver like coins are made from alloys containing copper and nickel. The copper
coins contain copper , zinc and tin. Coins must be hard wearing and also malleable
enough to be stamped eith complex patterns.
Jewellery:
Most gold jewellery are not pure gold. They are mixture of gold and copper. A pure
gold jewellery would wear away. So the gold is mixed with copper to make stronger
jewellery.
Aeroplanes:
The metal used to build airplanes is aluminium which is light but very strong. But
an alloy of aluminium and copper called duralumin is used for making planes instead of
aluminium because pure aluminium is not strong enough and the plane’s wings would
fall of because of the great stress put on them during flight.
Artificial joints:
The joints in the body take a lot f wear and tear . sometimes joints are damaged by
arthritis, which is very painful and crippling disease. We can overcome this by fitting
replacement joints. These joints are made of plastic and titanium alloys.
6. Draw and explain the process of separating food dye and water.
Food dye and water can be separated using an apparatus called a condenser. It is used to
separate mixtures of two liquids. Water and food dye are heated and starts to boil. The
liquid water changes to gas called steam . the steam travels along the tube into the
condenser. The cold wter circulating around the outside of the condenser cools the steam
. the steam changes to water and is collected. The food dye remains in the container.
Thus water and water dye are separated.
7. What are precautions taken while using acids and alkalis
1. Wear protective gear (goggles, long-sleeved clothes, and gloves) when using
acids and alkalis
2. Do not allow acids or alkalis to come in contact with skin or eyes
3. Limit the volume of acids and alkalis used in the lab
4. Cap the bottles of acid and alkalis tightly
8. Draw and write the hazard warning symbols

9. Draw the colour chart for universal indicator showing the pH scale

chapter 5 notes

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

chapter 5 notes

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

chapter 5 notes

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Fill-in-the-Blank Questions

1. Metals are typically good ________ of heat and electricity.

9. ___________ is an alloy of copper and tin

10. Steel is a mixture of _____________ and carbon.

11. Pure metals are _____________ to handle

12. Acids are ________

13. Many ___________________________ contain alkalis

o Answer : cleaning materials

14. Many chemicals are _________________.

o Answer: universal indicator.

16. Ph value of water is _________.

2. Describe how the conductivity of metals is useful in everyday applications.

3. What is the difference between malleability and brittleness in metals?

4. What does 24 carat gold mean?

5. Why is an alloy of aluminium used for making planes instead of aluminium?

7. Name two foods that contain acids

8. What does litmus do when it is added to sodium hydroxide?why?

9. What is the pH value of water? Why water has that value?

2. List 10 non metals

3. Give the general properties of metals

4. Compare metals and non metals.

5. Explain in detail how alloys are used in everyday life?

7. What are precautions taken while using acids and alkalis

8. Draw and write the hazard warning symbols

You might also like