PARULINSTITUTEOF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

PARULUNIVERSITY

Subject: Azure Fundamentals

Unit 1 : Cloud Concepts
Computer Science & Engineering
Mr. Mukesh Birla (Assistant Prof. PIET-CSE)
Dr. Indrajeet Kumar (Assistant Prof. PIET-CSE)
Outline
• Introduction of Cloud Computing
• Cloud computing principles
• Different types of cloud models (public, private, hybrid)
• Infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS)
• Platform-as-a-service (PaaS)
• Software-as-a-service (SaaS).
Azure Fundamentals Btech, 5th Semester

Prerequisite: Basic understanding of computer concepts and basic

programming

Rationale: This course provides a broad introduction to Azure cloud ,

infrastructure , services, security and compliance ,also billing , pricing
and support plans.
Introduction of Cloud Computing
Definition: Cloud computing refers to the on demand provision of computational
resources (data, software) via a computer network, rather than from a local computer.
Introduction of Cloud Computing
1. Electric Power
• Virtualize: means delivering useful functions while hiding how their internals
work
2. Cluster, grid, cloud
• Access to large amounts of computing power in a fully virtualized manner, by
aggregating resources and offering a single system view

• Delivering Computing as a utility

• On-demand
• Pay-as-you-go
Service provider (Amazon, Google)
• Computing infrastructure (Cloud)
• Access from anywhere
• As a service
Common Characteristic
Cloud should have
(i) pay-per-use (no ongoing commitment, utility prices)
(ii) elastic capacity and the illusion of infinite resources
(iii) self-service interface
(iv) virtualized (abstracted) resources

The ultimate goal is allowing customers to run their everyday IT infrastructure “in the
cloud.”
Roots of Cloud Computing
Internet Technologies
1. Web Service
• applications running on different messaging product platforms
• enabling information from one application to be made available to others
• enabling internal applications to be made available over the Internet
2. SOA
• address requirements of loosely coupled, standards-based, and
protocol-independent distributed computing
• WS ,HTTP, XML
• Common mechanism for delivering service
• applications is a collection of services that together perform complex business
logic
• Building block in IaaS
• User authentication, payroll management, calender
Distributed Computing
1. Grid Computing
• aggregation of distributed resources
• transparently access
• Problems
• QoS, Lack of performance
• Availability, Virtualization
2. Utility Computing
• assign a “utility” value to users
• QoS constraints (deadline, importance, satisfaction)
Hardware
• Hardware Virtualization
• overcome most operational issues of data center building and
maintenance
• improving sharing and utilization of computer systems
• running multiple operating systems and software stacks on a single
physical platform
• virtual machine monitor (VMM)
• mediates access to the physical hardware
• presenting to guest operating system a virtual machine (VM)
• is a set of virtual platform interfaces
Introduction of Public, private, or hybrid Cloud
• As the push to the cloud continues in verticals ranging from healthcare to content
streaming, the simple question of “Public, private, or hybrid?” is one being asked
with increasing frequency in IT departments around the world. Of course, we’re
talking about cloud computing.
• The decision of whether to deploy a public, private, or hybrid cloud solution can be
a difficult one for even the most experienced companies.
Introduction contd..
• What are the benefits and disadvantages to each solution? Why might
a business choose public over private cloud, or hybrid over public or
private? Is there a “best” cloud solution?
Public Cloud
• The term public cloud means that all services are provided over the
internet, usually on a pay-per-use model. The public cloud offers great
levels of efficiency since resources can be shared throughout a
network.
• Data created and submitted by users are stored on the servers of the
third-party provider.
Advantages Of Public Cloud
• Increased network efficiency and more resources
• Reduced complexity and lead times (because the architecture is fixed)
• Ready-to-go applications used within the public cloud can conform to
the demands of business
Disadvantages Of Public Cloud
• Fewer options for customization

• Substantially less secure

• Fixed architecture cannot (at times) grow with the needs of the business
Examples Of Public Cloud Vendors
• Google Cloud Engine
• Salesforce.com
• Amazon AWS
• Microsoft Office 365
Is public cloud the best option?
Businesses that are best suited for using the public cloud are ones that need to bring a
product/service to market quickly without the internal infrastructure and support to
build out their own private cloud system. While this may be considered a short-term
solution to compensate for not having said infrastructure, it does provide smaller
companies without IT departments the opportunity to match the deployment speed of
larger companies.
Private Clouds
Private clouds are cloud infrastructures that are deployed for a single
organization. These can be managed internally or externally, but all
systems and infrastructure are for the purposes of the organization. When
considering a private cloud, the biggest decision that a business needs to
make is the scope of the needed investment to create the private cloud, as
implementation can be very expensive.
Advantages Of Private Cloud:
• Extensive security options and capabilities, substantially more than the public
cloud

• Availability to the internal network and increased access/communication for

internal users

• Can grow with a business and be expanded or changed as needed

Disadvantages Of Private Cloud
• Significant level of engagement from both management and IT
departments are required

• Significant investment is required, both to build the private cloud and

maintain/grow it

• Does not deliver the short-term solutions – given the required time
needed to build it out – that the public cloud does
Is the private cloud the best option?
Businesses that are best suited for the private cloud are ones that must
comply with regulatory guidelines or have highly volatile applications
needed within the cloud. Additionally, these businesses will be required
to install their own servers and storage hardware that allows for
modifications in workloads. Though this can be a significant investment,
it is required if the business deals with regulated data or must comply
with industry rules.
Hybrid Cloud
The term hybrid cloud relates to the use of both the public and private
cloud by companies who seek to capitalize on the strengths of both. For
example, if a company houses an application on a private cloud but is in
need of more resources during usage spikes, it would go to a hybrid
cloud because the added resources could come from the public cloud.
Advantages Of Hybrid Cloud
• Best of both the public and private cloud in terms of needed
resources

• Added accessibility for internal and external users

• Security parameters are higher than that of the public cloud

Disadvantages Of Hybrid Cloud
• Inherent inefficiency of monitoring several different security
platforms

• Customization of rules and policies to govern security and the

elements of infrastructure that do not link between the public and
private cloud

• Added security risk

Is hybrid cloud the best option?
Businesses that are best suited to the hybrid cloud are those with sites that have
unreliable fluctuations in traffic. With e-commerce, these fluctuations vary greatly
between times of day and seasons in the year. Because the hybrid cloud has the same
security of the private cloud, businesses can utilize both the added resources and the
security to facilitate the needs of their customers. In essence, it is the best of both
worlds.
Why Cloud Computing?

Before getting into an in-depth understanding of IaaS, SaaS, & PaaS, the differences
between them, and the quintessential question of IaaS vs PaaS, let us get a quick
understanding of the importance of Cloud computing in the current organizational
scenario.
Organizations can access and share resources such as networking, servers, databases,
and storage through the internet, making the whole process faster, more
efficient, cost-effective and flexible. Cloud computing makes it easier for organizations
to store, access, manage and process data efficiently.
Simply put, cloud computing uses hardware and software that resides in the Cloud,
through the internet, to perform various complex organizational activities. In
traditional business structures, all the data used to be stored in local machines and
hard drives. With cloud computing, all the data is stored in virtual servers provided and
maintained by third-party service providers.
Cloud Technology Services are of Three Types:

• IaaS full form is Infrastructure as a Service

• SaaS full form is Software as a Service
• PaaS full form is Platform as a Service
What is Iaas?

IaaS stands for Infrastructure as a Service, as the name suggests, and is a cloud
technology service where the IaaS providers make available various infrastructural
services on the Cloud.
For example, through virtualization technology, the provider hosts infrastructural
components such as virtual machines, virtual LANs, networks, storage, hard drives,
etc.
IaaS (infrastructure as a service) describes the provision of infrastructure and
computing resources as a service.
IaaS (includes all the physical computing resources that facilitate the delivery of apps
as a service).
IaaS is also known as HaaS (hardware as a service).

Amazon Web Services (AWS) is one of the best IaaS examples. Cisco Metapod,
Microsoft Azure, and Google Compute Engine (GCE) are also some example of IaaS.
The IaaS Delivery Model:

The IaaS provider provides his client with either a dashboard or an API.
Then, it allows access to the end-user to all the services.
This way, the end-user has complete control over the entire infrastructure.
Along with infrastructural services, the provider will supply accompanying
services.
These services, at last, will be rendered to support this infrastructural
assistance.
Some examples of these services are detailed billing, load balancing, and
clustering, log access.
In addition to all the above, the IaaS provider will enable
data-storage-related services such as data back-up, replication, and
recovery.
 Examples of IaaS:

• Microsoft Azure
• Amazon Web Services
• Google Compute Engine
• Cisco Metapod
• Joyent
• OpenStack

Applications of IaaS:

IaaS is used in the following scenarios in the current business environment:

• Development environment
• Testing environment
• Data storage
• Data Analytics
Advantages of IaaS:

IaaS provides many benefits to clients planning to migrate their organizations to cloud
technologies. Some of the key advantages include:

• The IaaS also provides the advantage of scalability for the clients meaning that
they can upgrade or downgrade services with a simple click of a button.
• IaaS can help clients obtain the needed infrastructure within a short period. This will
eliminate any time lag in procurement. The organization can carry out necessary tests
quickly and deliver results on time.
• IaaS reduces the costs of buying, setting up and managing new and expensive
hardware. IaaS as a service is also available on a subscription basis. All these features
help the client cut down on substantial upfront expenses.
• Clients and end-users get the time to focus on more important core activities needed
for the organization. As a result, the overall efficiency and output will improve.
What is SaaS:

As the name suggests, SaaS, or Software as a Service, is a cloud technology

service where the SaaS provider hosts various applications on the Cloud and
makes them available to customers over the internet.
SaaS is also known as cloud application services and is one of the most
commonly used cloud services.
Apart from making the application available to the end-users, the SaaS
provider will also be responsible for providing services such as managing the
client's data, storage, and the application's updates.
Furthermore, most of the SaaS applications will run on web browsers directly.
This means the end-users will just need a computer with an internet
connection and a browser to access the applications.
Applications of SaaS:

In the modern organizational context, the SaaS model can find applications
in the following fields:

• Sales Management.
• Customer Relationship Management.
• Sales Management
• Human Resource Management.
• Financial Management.
• Email and collaboration management.
Examples of SaaS:

• Troop Messenger (Internal Team Messaging Application)

• Google Apps (Business Collaboration Tools)

• SalesForce Development (Cloud Computing Solutions For Business) or

(Customer Relationship Management)

• Cattle call (enterprise video communications)

What is PaaS:

PaaS meaning Provider as a Service, is a cloud technology service where the service
provider provides a platform to the client or the end-user for software creation.
A PaaS provider will provide platform-related infrastructure components such as
storage, servers, operating systems, and networking equipment.
The provider is also responsible for configuring and maintaining all the above
features.
In addition, the providers also provide the client with services such as
programming languages, database management systems, libraries, etc.
 Applications of PaaS:

PaaS can find applications in certain kinds of scenarios that

include:

• Application designing, development, testing, and deployment

• Database Integration
• Web service integration

PaaS Examples:

• Microsoft Azure
• Amazon web services- Elastic Beanstalk
• Google App Engine
• Openshift
• SalesForce – Force.com
Advantages of PaaS:

• The PaaS model provides developers with a simple and cost-effective platform to
develop and deploy their applications.

• Developers can concentrate fully on application development and deployment,

improving overall performance efficiency.

• PaaS is beneficial when multiple developers have to work on an application from

multiple locations.

• The PaaS model also provides the developer with various tools and services that help
them through the app design, development, testing and deployment in an easily
accessible manner.

• Scalability, reduced costs, reduced time lags, and overall improved output is among
the other advantages of the PaaS model.
Real-world applications of cloud computing.
Online Data Storage : Cloud computing allows storing data like
files, images, audios, and videos, etc on the cloud storage.
Backup and Recovery : Cloud vendors provide security from their
side by storing safe to the data as well as providing a backup facility
to the data.
Bigdata Analysis : We know the volume of big data is so high where
storing that in traditional data management system for an organization
is impossible.
Testing and development : Setting up the platform for development
and finally performing different types of testing to check the readiness
of the product before delivery requires different types of IT resources
and infrastructure.
Real-world applications of cloud computing.

Anti-Virus Applications : Previously, organizations were installing

antivirus software within their system even if we will see we
personally also keep antivirus software in our system for safety from
outside cyber threats.
E-commerce Application : Cloud-based e-commerce allows
responding quickly to the opportunities which are emerging.
Cloud computing in education : Cloud computing in the education
sector brings an unbelievable change in learning by providing
e-learning, online distance learning platforms, and student
information portals to the students.
Real-world applications of cloud computing.

E-Governance Application : Cloud computing can provide its

services to multiple activities conducted by the government.
Cloud Computing in Medical Fields : In the medical field also
nowadays cloud computing is used for storing and accessing the data
as it allows to store data and access it through the internet without
worrying about any physical setup.
Entertainment Applications : Many people get entertainment from
the internet, in that case, cloud computing is the perfect place for
reaching to a varied consumer base. Therefore different types of
entertainment industries reach near the target audience by adopting a
multi-cloud strategy.
Cloud Concepts

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