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Indian Standard
GUIDE FOR
LIMITS OF TEMPERATURE-RISE OF THE
WINDINGS OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
WHEN TESTED BY DIFFERENT METHODS
Electrotechnical Standards Sectional Committee, ETDC 1
Chairman Representing
SHRI J. S. ZAVERI Bharat Bijlee Ltd, Bombay
Members
SHRI V. K. BATRA National Physical Laboratory ( CSIR ), New Delhi
SHRI T.L. BHATIA Indian Posts and Telegraphs Department ( Ministry
of Communications ), New Delhi
SHRI J. M. NEOOY ( Altcrnnfc )
SHRI V. S. BHATIA Low Voltage Switchgear and Controlgear Sectional
Committee, ETDC 57, IS1
Biro N. DAYAL Ministry of Defence ( DGI )
COL K. V. KUDVA ( Alternate )
DIREOTORSTANDARDS ( ELEOTRI- Research Designs & Standards Organization,
CAL) ( Ministry of Railways ), Lucknew
DI~ECTOB ( TED ) Central Electricity Authority ( Department of
Power ) ( Ministry of Energy ), New Delhi
DEPUTY DIBEOTOR ( TED ) ( Alfcrnatc )
SHRI M. L. DONQRE Power Cables Sectional Committee, ETDC 59, ISI
SHRI R. D. J&IN Conductors and Accessories for Overhead Lines
Sectional Committee, ETDC 60, IS1
SHRI S. K. KA~LIWAL Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd, Bhopal
SHRI PRAKASH SINGH ( Alternate )
SHRI S. K. MUKHERJEE National Test House, Calcutta
SHRI B. MUKHOPADHYAY ( Alternatr )
SHBI D. V. NARKE Transformers Sectional Committee, ETDC 16, ISI
SHBI N. NATE Relays Sectional Committee, ETDC 35, ISI
SHRI H. M. PAI High Voltage Switchgear and Controlgear Sectional
Committee, ETDC 58, IS1
SHRI D. N. PURANDARE Electrical Wiring Accessories Sectional Committee,
ETDC 44, IS1
SHRI S. G. RAMAOHANDRA Rotating Machinery Sectional Committee, ETDC
15, ISI
( Confinucd on page 2 )
@ CopVrighl 1981
INDIAN STANDARDS INSTITUTION
This publication is protected under the Indian Copyright Act ( XIV of 1957) and
reproduction in whole or in part by any means except with written permission of the
publisher shall be deemed to be an infringement of copyright under the said Act.
IS : 9677 - 1980
Indian Standard
GUIDE FOR
\ LIMITS OF TEMPERATURE-RISE OF THE
WINDINGS OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
WHEN TESTED BY DIFFERENT METHODS
0. FOREWORD
0.1 This Indian Standard was adopted by the Indian Standards Institution
on 18 December 1980, after the draft finalized by the Electrotechnical
Standards Sectional Committee had been approved by the Electro-
technical Division Council.
0.2 The safe and reliable operation of an electrical equipment is achiev-
ed by ensuring amongst other things that under normal conditions of
operation, the steady state temperature of the equipment is maintained
within the limits for which the electrical insulation is designed. This
factor ultimately decides the safe current ( rated current ) which can
pass through the equipment without the temperature of the insulation
exceeding the safe limits.
0.3 The temperature-rise of the windings in an electrical equipment
depends on several factors such as the categories of duty of the equip-
ment; intermittent or continuous, the degree of exposure of the winding
to the atmosphere, the enclosures and their proximity, conditions of
ventilation, cooling, etc. These factors make it necessary to specify the
permissible limits of temperature-rise of the windings and a precise
method to ensure that temperature-rise of the winding remains within
the safe limits.
0.4 This standard has been brought out with a view to provide guidance
on the limits of temperature-rise of the windings when tested by different
methods such as thermometer, resistance and embedded temperature
detectors.
0.5 The measurement of temperature of the winding by using the
mercury-in-glass thermometer is not always reliable owing to features
such as contact surface available and the accessibility. The choice of
the method also depends on the accuracy desired. Also, while specifying
these values by thermometer method, note is to be taken of the fact that
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IS : 9677 - 1980
the method would not be able to take into account the ’ hot-spot ’ tem-
perature of winding. In this standard, guidance has been provided on
the limits of temperature-rise measured by the following three methods:
a) Thermometer method,
b) Resistance method, and
0.6 Even though it is observed that in most of the cases, while specifying
the requirements relating to temperature-rise of the electrical equipment,
the factors mentioned in this guide are taken care of, there are instances
where adequate differentiation of the limits by the three methods have
not been made. Moreover, the presumptions that are to be valid
regarding hot spot temperature, etc, are not clearly brought out in certain
cases. It is felt that a common standard would provide adequate
guidance while specifving the limits in the individual specifications and,
would serve as a useful guide in case of any divergent views. It isr
however, not intended to enforce literally the provisions of this guide fos
the individual specifications and the relevant Sectional Committee
would be free to use the guide to the extent it is relevant.
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IS : 9677 - 1980
1. SCOPE
1.1 This standard specifies guidelines for the limits of temperature-rise
for windings in electrical equipment measured by the following methods:
a) Thermometer method,
b) Resistance method, and
c) Embedded temperature detector method.
2. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS
2.0 As indicated in 0.3, the temperature-rise in a winding depends on
several factors. While all these factors are kept in view while laying
down the limits ‘for individual equipment, guidance on general consi-
derations applicable for all cases is given below.
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IS : 9677 - 1980
3. SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS
3.0 It is generally desired that the limits of temperature-rise specified
be adhered to, to the extent possible. Actual application of the
electrical equipment involves many varieties of cases, and more stringent
or liberal limits may be applicable departing from the values specified in
the individual specifications. Suitable guidelines are hence provided in
the individual specifications of electrical equipment in order to cater to
such specific cases.
3.1 Operating Altitude - No adjustment in the limits of temperature-
rise are required if the altitude does not exceed 1 000 metres. However,
for altitudes different from normal service altitude, allowances on the
limits shall be, as specified in the relevant specifications.