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    2_5355127883654257842

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    tahira.sh1970
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    2_5355127883654257842

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    of 20

    Al-Farabi Kazakh National University

    Higher School of Medicine

    Medical Histology:

    Epithelium tissue
    Learning outcomes:
    As a result of the lesson you will be able to:

    • Describe the functions and identify the cells commonly found in


    epithelium
    • Distinguish between types of epithelium tissue
    • Identification of different types of simple and stratified epithelium under
    a microscope, and photomicrographs:
    • Structural features of simple epithelium.
    • Pseudostratified ciliated epithelium.
    • Stratified squamous epithelium.
    • Stratified squamous keratinized epithelium.
    • Stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium.

    • Transitional epithelium .
    EPITHELIAL TISSUES
    • Epithelial Tissue: is a sheet of cells
    that covers a body surface or lines a
    body cavity
    • Nearly all substances received or given
    off by the body must pass through an
    epithelium layer.
    Epithelial Tissue
    Epithelial Tissue lacks
    of blood vessels,
    contains little
    intercellular material
    and are continually
    being replaced
    They function in
    protection, secretion,
    absorption, filtration,
    excretion, and sensory
    reception
    Simple Squamous Epithelium
    Simple Squamous Epithelium
    Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

    • This tissue consists of a single layer of


    cube-shaped cells. Usually have a
    centrally located spherical nuclei
    • It carries on secretion and absorption.
    Secretes glandular products.
    • Covers the ovaries, lines the kidneys,
    tubules and ducts of certain glands like
    pancreas and the liver.
    Simple Cuboidal Epithelium
    Simple Columnar Epithelium

    • The tissue is composed of a single layer of elongated cells


    whose nuclei are usually at about the same level, near the
    basement membrane.
    • Some have cilia some do not
    • Secretes and absorbs…this tissue is thick!!
    • This tissue lines uterus and portions of the digestive tract like
    small/large intestines and stomach.
    Simple Columnar Epithelium
    Simple Columnar Epithelium
    Pseudostratified Columnar
    Epithelium
    • They appear stratified but are NOT, They appear to
    have two or more nuclei but they each reach the
    basement level.
    • Goblet cells scattered throughout the tissue that
    secret mucus, which the cilia sweep away.
    • It lines tubes of the respiratory system. The mucus
    and cilia created by this tissue trap the dust and
    microorganisms that enter the airway.
    Pseudostratified Columnar
    Epithelium
    Stratified Squamous
    Epithelium
    • Named for the shape of the cells,…consists of
    many layers, relatively thick. Cells nearer the
    surface are flat where as the deeper are
    cuboidal and columnar.
    • Tissue can contain Keratin, which is a protein
    that accumulates and protect the underlying
    tissue.
    • Epidermis-outer most layer of the skin
    • Also lines the skin and lines the oral cavity,
    throat, vagina, and anal canal.
    Transitional Epithelium
    • This tissue is specialized to change in
    response to tension..
    • Transition epithelium is unstretched and
    consists of many layers when the
    organs wall contract the tissue stretches
    and appears thinner when the organ is
    distended.
    • Forms the lining of the urinary bladder
    and lines the ureters and part of the
    urethra.
    Basement membranes vary in thickness
    Thick Thin -- requires special stain to visualize

    BM

    BM
    BM
    University of Michigan Ross,M, Pawlina, W. Wheater’s Functional Histology:
    Histology Collection A Text and Atlas. Fifth Edition. 2006. Figure 4.4.

    Intestinal glands, PAS


    trachea, H&E PAS reacts with carbohydrate-rich molecules such as perlecan, laminin
    and type III collagen associated with the basement membrane.
    Basement Membrane(LM): Three layers in the EM

    hemidesmosomes

    basal lamina
    1. lamina lucida
    (LL) or rara 10-50
    nm
    2. lamina densa

    fibroreticular lamina
    (LD) 20-300 nm
    (type IV collagen)

    3. Fibroreticular
    FL LL LD lamina (FL)
    merges with
    underlying CT
    (type III* and type VII
    collagen fibrils)
    Connective tissue
    *basement membranes can also
    Source Undetermined be visualized with silver stain

    So, the “basement membrane” is the basal lamina + the fibroreticular lamina
    REFERENCES:
    • 1. Michael H.Ross 3 edition 2012,p.105-150
    • 2. R.I. Yuy, R.B. Abildinov ATLAS 2010,
    p.36-42

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