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    Practical 2 - Button, Transistor, Relay

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    Practical 2 - Button, Transistor, Relay

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    black hello
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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    2 views5 pages

    Practical 2 - Button, Transistor, Relay

    Uploaded by

    black hello

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    BAIT2123 INTERNET OF THINGS Jul 2024

    Practical 2: Construct a driver circuit to control the high current (> 10mA) output devices

    Objective
    Using transistor as a switch to control a high current device such as relay

    Procedure
    Step 1: How to identify and naming the leads of transistor
    * Always use Internet technology to find out the answer (e.g., Google search)

    (i) Pick transistor 2N3904, identify the lead labels as ______ , ______ and ______. The names
    of lead labels are ________ , ________ and ________ , respectively. Fill up the lead labels of
    the transistor below.

    Question : what is the electronic symbol of a transistor? Include the labels.

    Step 2: Understand the relay connectivity and specification

    (i) Pick a relay. Read the printing label on top of the relay, the control voltage is ________ . Fill
    up the relay output control rating in the table below then calculate the maximum power (Pmax).

    Output Control Rating Type Voltage (V) Current (I) Pmax = V x I


    1
    2
    3
    4
    BAIT2123 INTERNET OF THINGS Jul 2024

    Question : To control the household light bulb, what is the voltage that the relay requires to
    control the light bulb?

    Question : To control the household light bulb (e.g., 20W one light bulb), what is the maximum
    number of light bulbs that the relay can control (in series) ?

    (ii) Flip the relay to the lead side. Using multimeter, rotate the multimeter selector to 200 𝛺
    range, test the relay leads and fill up the two tables below.
    Table 1
    Lead Lead Relay control coil resistance (𝛺)
    1 2

    Using Ohm’s Law ( Voltage (V) = current (I) x resistance (R)), the estimated current required to
    control the relay is __________.
    BAIT2123 INTERNET OF THINGS Jul 2024

    Table 2
    Lead Lead Short (Just tick “✓”) Open (Just tick “✓”)
    3 4
    3 5
    4 5

    Question: What is the electron symbol of relay? Explain the test results in Table 2.

    Step 3: Understand the push button switch connectivity

    (i) Pick one push button switch. Rotate the multimeter selector to 200 𝛺 range then test the
    push button leads and fill up the table below

    Lead Lead Short (Just tick “✓”) Open (Just tick “✓”)
    1 2
    2 3
    3 4
    4 1

    Question : What is the electronic symbol of the push button ? Explain the test result in the table.
    BAIT2123 INTERNET OF THINGS Jul 2024

    Step 4: Construct a driver circuit to drive the relay

    * Please refer to the Additional Notes for extra precaution on circuit design.

    (i) Pick transistor 2N3904, relay, LED and two 1 k𝛺 resistors, press them into the breadboard.
    Connect these components using male-to-male connectors (see the Blue lines) and press into
    the breadboard as shown below. Use hook-up wires (about 1-2 cm length of red and black
    wires) to connect the center rows to the two side rows for 5V and GND connections. good
    practices on constructing an electronic circuit on a breadboard, we will use both sides’ two rows
    as 5V and GND (check if they are connected to the common 5V and GND). Then turn on the
    Raspberry board.

    * There are Two (2) IN5819 diodes required to be placed on the breadboard. The 1N5819
    (1A/40V) Schottky diode across pins 1 and 2 of the relay (see below) is to avoid voltage spike
    due to inductive kickback from the relay coil, when a NPN transistor abruptly switches off.
    * note: make sure all connectivities are correct before turn on the Raspberry board

    (ii) Press the push button switch, the LED light is ______ , release the push button, the LED
    light is _______ .

    (iii) When the push button switch is pressed and released, a mechanical noise has _________.
    (select heard or not heard)
    BAIT2123 INTERNET OF THINGS Jul 2024

    Question : Draw the electronic circuit diagram and explain the simple working principle of the
    circuit.

    * You can use Windows “Paint” or Draw.IO application to draw a simple circuit, save as an
    image file and upload to the practical test google form.

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