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    Census by StudySmartIASPCS

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    akshanshsingh47

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    Census by StudySmartIASPCS

    Uploaded by

    akshanshsingh47
    1 views6 pages

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    1 views6 pages

    Census by StudySmartIASPCS

    Uploaded by

    akshanshsingh47

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 6

    History :

    • The history of the census began with 1800 when England had begun its
    Census.
    • In its continuation, a census was conducted in Allahabad (1824) and in
    Banaras (1827-28) by James Prinsep.
    • The first complete census of an Indian city was conducted in 1830 by Henry
    Walter in Dacca (now Dhaka).
    • The Second Census was conducted in 1836-37 by Fort St. George.
    • In 1849, the Government of India ordered the local governments to conduct
    quinquennial (five-yearly) returns of population.
    • First Non-synchronous Census: It was conducted in India in 1872 during the
    reign of Governor-General Lord Mayo.
    • First Synchronous Census: The first synchronous census was taken under
    British rule on February 17, 1881, by W.C. Plowden (Census Commissioner of
    India).
    • The Socio-Economic and Caste Census (SECC) was conducted in 2011 for the
    first time since 1931.
    • 15th Census – 2011 (Latest)
    • The Socio-Economic and Caste Census (SECC) was conducted in 2011 for the
    first time since 1931.
    • Great Dividing Year: 1921 (marked by a population decline).
    • First Post-Independence Census: Conducted in 1951 (7th Census overall).
    • Literacy Rate (1951): 18%.
    • Sex Ratio (1951): 946 females per 1000 males.
    • Population Density (1951): 382 persons per sq. km.

    CENSUS & DEMOGRAPHY STUDY SMART IAS PCS


    Census in India: Key Facts and Highlights

    Legislative Basis

    • Census Act, 1948: Census operations in India are conducted under this Act.
    • Key Figure: The bill for the Census Act, 1948, was piloted by Sardar Vallabhbhai
    Patel, then Home Minister of India.
    • Confidentiality: Data collected during the Census is highly confidential and is not
    accessible even to courts of law.

    Census Administration

    • Authority: The Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner under the
    Ministry of Home Affairs oversees the decennial Census.
    • Current Registrar General: Shri Mritunjay Kumar Narayan.
    • Economic Census: First conducted in 1977.
    • Central List: Census operations fall under the jurisdiction of the Central
    Government.

    Census 2011

    • Slogan: *"Our Census, Our Future"*.


    • Census Commissioner: C. Chandramouli.
    • Mascot: Female Enumerator (animated woman with a black Census bag and stack of
    files).

    Population Overview

    • India's Global Population Share: 17.5%.


    • Total Population: 121.08 crore (1.21 billion).
    o Male Population: 51.47% (62.31 crore).
    o Female Population: 48.53% (58.74 crore).
    • Sex Ratio:
    o Overall: 943 females per 1000 males (up from 933 in 2001).
    o Child Sex Ratio: 919 females per 1000 males (down from 927 in 2001).
    o Lowest Sex Ratio (Religion): Sikh community.
    o Highest Sex Ratio (District): Kozhikode, Kerala (1093 females per 1000
    males).
    o Lowest Sex Ratio (City): Bhiwandi, Maharashtra (709 females per 1000
    males).

    CENSUS & DEMOGRAPHY STUDY SMART IAS PCS


    Literacy Rate

    • Overall Literacy Rate: 74.04%.


    o Male Literacy: 82.14%.
    o Female Literacy: 65.46%.
    o Highest Literacy (City): Aizawl, Mizoram (98.76%).
    o Lowest Literacy (City): Sambhal, Uttar Pradesh (48%).

    Population Density and Distribution

    • Density: 382 persons per sq. km.


    • Urban Population: 31.1%.
    • Rural Population: 68.9%.

    Languages and Religions

    • Most Spoken Language After Hindi: Bengali.


    • Religious Composition:
    o Hindus: 79.8% (96.63 crore).
    o Muslims: 14.2%.
    • Scheduled Castes and Tribes:
    o Scheduled Castes: 16.6%.
    o Scheduled Tribes: 8.6%.

    Key Trends and Observations

    • Population Growth:
    o Highest growth occurred between 1961-1971 (24.80%).
    o Population Explosion Period: 1951-1981.
    • Population Stability: Targeted by 2070 (earlier aimed for 2045).
    • Fertility Rate:
    o 2011: 2.2.
    o 2001: 2.5.
    o Gross Fertility Rate: 2.4.

    Miscellaneous Facts

    • World Population Day: Observed on July 11.


    • India’s Towns and Villages:
    o Towns: 7933.
    o Villages: 6,40,930.
    • Highest Density: North East Delhi.
    • District with Most Scheduled Tribes (UP): Sonbhadra.
    • Census 2011 Questions: 29 canvassed during the population enumeration.

    CENSUS & DEMOGRAPHY STUDY SMART IAS PCS


    Population
    States UTs
    Uttar Pradesh Delhi
    Maharashtra Lakshadweep
    Mizoram
    Sikkim

    District
    Thane(MH)
    Dibang Valley (Arunachal)

    Decadal Growth Rate


    Meghalaya Dadra NH
    Arunachal Lakshadweep
    Nagaland

    District
    Kurung Kumey (Arunachal)
    Longleng (Nagaland)

    Density of Population
    States UTs
    Bihar Delhi
    West Bengal A&N Islands
    Mizoram
    Arunachal

    District
    North East Delhi
    Dibang Valley

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    Sex Ratio
    States UTs
    Kerala Puducherry
    Tamil Nadu Daman & Diu
    Jammu & Kashmir
    Haryana

    District
    Mahe (Puducherry)
    Daman

    Child Sex Ratio


    Mizoram A&N Island
    Meghalaya Delhi
    Haryana

    District
    Lahaul & Spiti (HP)
    Jhajjar (Haryana)

    Literacy
    States UTs
    Kerala Lakshadweep
    Mizoram DNH
    Arunachal Pradesh
    Bihar

    District
    Serchhip (Mizoram)
    Alirajpur (MP)

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    SC Population
    Absolute Percentage
    Uttar Pradesh Punjab
    Arunachal, Nagaland, Lakshadweep, A&N Island

    UT
    Delhi

    ST Population
    Absolute Percentage
    Madhya Pradesh Mizoram
    Punjab A&N Island

    UT District
    Lakshadweep Sarchhip (MP)
    Hathras (UP)

    Language
    Hindi
    Bengali
    Telugu
    Marathi
    Tamil
    Urdu
    Gujarati

    Uttar Pradesh
    Hindi
    Urdu
    Punjabi
    Bengali
    Nepali

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